Mapping Wheat Growing Areas of Turkey by Integrating Multi-Temporal NDVI Data and Official Crop Statistics

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 1, 11 - 23, 29.06.2017

Ediz Ünal De Bie Kees

https://doi.org/10.21566/tarbitderg.323560

Cited By: 1

Öz

Wheat is
the most widely cultivated crop in the world providing critical food source of
most countries. It exceeds most of the grain crops in acreage and production because
of its ability to grow in wide range of climatic and geographic conditions. Timely
and reliable information on wheat acreages is essential for government services
in order to formulate their policies for planning of agricultural production
and monitoring their food supply. Traditionally, agricultural
statistics is considered as the main source of such information. Unfortunately, existing
statistical data of wheat acreages of Turkey, mostly dependent on farmers’
declarations, does not provide spatial information of where this crop
specifically is grown. Satellite remote sensing technology can enable
the acquisition of such information indirectly with the use of ancillary data
of crop statistics. This study aims to determine wheat cultivation areas of
Turkey as percentage per unit area in a crop map by integrating time series satellite
NDVI imagery with the official crop statistics through regression analysis. The
regression results indicated that satellite data explained 95.8% of the
variability in official wheat crop statistics and actual wheat cropping areas were
significantly related to NDVI-based wheat classes. Validation of the produced wheat
map showed that there was good agreement between actual wheat fractions and
estimated NDVI-based wheat fractions explaining approximately 69% (Adj. R²) of the
total variability between them. This study suggests use of the methodology
employed here to governing bodies that need to identify and to map current wheat
cropping areas.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Map, NDVI, agricultural statistics, wheat

Zaman Serisi NDVI Verileri ve Resmi Tarım İstatistikleri Kullanarak Türkiye Buğday Alanlarının Haritalandırılması

Öz

Buğday dünya genelinde tarımı en yaygın
yapılan tarım ürünüdür ve birçok ülke için ana besin kaynağı olarak
görülmektedir. Geniş iklimsel ve coğrafi koşullar altında yetişebilme
özelliğinden dolayı, buğdayın üretim miktarı ve yetiştirme alanı diğer tahıl
ürünlerinden daha fazladır. Buğday tarımı yapılan alanlarla ilgili olarak
güncel ve güvenilir bilgiye erişim, ülkelerin tarımsal üretimlerini planlamaya
ve üretim alanlarını gözlemlemeye yönelik politikaların geliştirilmesinde büyük
önem arz etmektedir. Tarım istatistikleri geleneksel olarak bu tür bilgilerin
ana kaynağı olarak öngörülse de, ülkemizde olduğu gibi çiftçi beyanına bağlı tarım
istatistikleri maalesef hangi tarım ürününün hangi mekânsal konumda
yetiştirildiği bilgisini sunmamaktadır. Uzaktan algılama teknolojisi, tarım
istatistiklerini yardımcı veri kaynağı şeklinde kullanarak bu tür bilgiyi
üretmemize imkân sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, zaman serisi NDVI verileri
ve resmi tarım istatistiklerini regresyon analizi ile entegre ederek Türkiye
buğday alanlarını birim alanda yüzde değer olarak belirlemek ve
haritalandırmaktır. Regresyon analizi sonuçlarına göre; NDVI uydu verisi, resmi
buğday istatistiklerindeki değişkenliğin %95.8’ni açıklayabilmektedir ve gerçek
buğday parselleri istatistiksel olarak NDVI verisinden üretilen buğday
sınıfları ile önemli derecede ilişkilidir. Regresyon modeli ile elde edilen
buğday haritasının doğruluk analizine göre, gerçek buğday alan yüzdeleri ile
NDVI verisinden üretilen buğday alan yüzdeleri arasındaki ilişki %69 R² düzeyindedir. Bu
çalışmada kullanılan yöntem, buğday üretimi yapılan parselleri belirlemek isteyen
kurumlar için tavsiye edilebilir niteliktedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Harita, NDVI, tarım istatistikleri, buğday

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