Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of Tryptanthrin, Indirubin, Indican and Isatin Indole Alkaloids During Vegetative and Flowering Stages in the Roots and Leaves of Isatis constricta P. H. Davis

Year 2019, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 59 - 66, 26.12.2019

Nesim Yıldız , Özgür Karakaş

https://doi.org/10.21566/tarbitderg.660087

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Isatis genus more known as the indigo plant is a plant belonging to the Brassicaceae family in Turkey. Turkey has 31 types and 15 subtypes in various provinces.18 of these species and 3 of the subspecies are assumed as endemic. All taxa of the genus are extensively used in dyeing and treatment of various infections. They contain large number of secondary compounds like phenolics, flavonoids and alkaloids in root, leaf, flower and fruit parts. Among these indole alkaloids like triptanthrin, indirubin, indican and isatin are used in treatment of many diseases. These are obtained from the leaves and roots are pharmacologically active compounds. This study revealed that this biannual herbaceous plant grows 30 - 50 cm in length on volcanic slopes, at 1200 - 1300 meters above sea level. It generally grows in Eastern Anatolia and the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The study aimed to determine optimum ontogenetic stage of Isatis constricta to extract natural bio compounds like indirubin, isatin, indican, tryptanthrin. The leaf and root samples used in this study were collected from Maden county of Elazığ province. They were tested for the presence of these compounds during vegetative and flowering period of the plant. The HPLC (HighPerformance Liquid Chromatography) analysis results showed that tryptanthrin 0.482 (±0.0072) µg/g and indirubin 0.029 (±0.00007) μg/g has the highest concentrations in the leaf samples obtained during the vegetative period. However, isatin 4.358 (± 0.0985) μg/g and indican 21.330 (± 0.114) μg/g were found to have the highest concentration in leaf samples obtained during flowering period. When both results are compared, it can be seen that the amount of tryptanthrin, isatin, indirubin and indican alkaloids were found in the leaves of I. constricta higher than to the roots. This research idicate that the most appropriate development stage of I. constricta to obtain triptanthrin indirubin, indican and isatin compounds.

Keywords

Tryptanthrin, indirubin, indican, isatin, indole alkaloids

Isatis Constricta P. H. Davis’in Köklerinde ve Yapraklarında Vejetatif ve Çiçeklenme Dönemlerinde Triptanthrin İndirubin, İndican ve İsatin İndol Alkaloidlerinin Kalitatif ve Kantitatif Tayini

Abstract

Türkiye’de daha çok çivit otu olarak bilinen İsatis cinsi Brassicaceae familyasına ait bir bitkidir. Türkiye’nin çeşitli yerlerinde bu bitkiye ait 31 tür ve 15 alt türü bulunmaktadır. Bu türlerin 18 tanesi ve alttürlerin 3 tanesi endemiktir. Cinsin bütün taksonları çeşitli enfeksiyonların tedavisinde ve boyamada yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Kök, yaprak, çiçek ve meyve kısımlarında fenolikler, flavonoidler ve alkaloidler gibi çok sayıda ikincil bileşik bulunmaktadır. Bunlar arasında triptanthrin, indirubin, indican ve isatin gibi alkaloidler birçok hastalığın tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Bunlar hem yapraklar hem de köklerden elde edilen farmakolojik olarak aktif bileşiklerdir. Bu çalışmada kullanılan bitkisi 30 - 50 cm kadar boylanan, deniz seviyesinden 1200 - 1300 metre yüksekte volkanik yamaçlarda bulunan iki yıllık önemli otsu bir bitkidir. Bu bitki genellikle Doğu Anadolu ve Türkiye’nin Akdeniz bölgesinde doğal olarak yetişmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Isatis constricta ’da bulunan indirubin, isatin, indican, triptanthrin gibi doğal bileşikleri elde etmek için bitkinin en uygun gelişim dönemini belirlemek ve bu bileşiklerin bitkinin hangi kısımlarında daha fazla miktarda bulunduklarını tespit etmektir. Bu çalışmada kullanılan yaprak ve kök örnekleri Elazığ ili Maden ilçesinden toplanmıştır. Test edilen bu örnekler bitkinin vejetatif ve çiçeklenme dönemlerinde toplanılmıştır. HPLC (Yüksek Performanslı Sıvı Kromatografisi) analiz sonuçlarıyla, triptanthrin 0.482 (±0.0072) µg/g ve indirubinin 0.029 (±0.00007) μg/g bileşikleri vejetatif döneminde elde edilen yaprak örneklerinde en yüksek konsantrasyonlara sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ancak isatin 4.358 (± 0.0985) μg/g ve indican 21.330 (± 0.114) μg/g çiçeklenme döneminde elde edilen yaprak örneklerinde en yüksek konsantrasyona sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir. Her iki sonuca da bakıldığında I. constricta’nın yapraklarında bulunan triptantrin, Isatin, indirubin ve indican alkaloidlerinin miktarı, köklerine oranla daha yüksek olduğu görülmektedir Bu çalışma sonucunda triptanthrin, indirubin, indican ve isatini elde etmek için I. constricta’nın en uygun gelişim dönemi ile bitki kısımları belirlenmiştir. 

Keywords

Tryptanthrin, indirubin, indican, isatin, indol alkaloidler

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