Strengthening traceability systems and value addition in the Timor coffee supply chain: Potential and development challenges
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to explore the potential and development challenges in strengthening traceability systems and enhancing value addition within the Timor coffee supply chain in Kupang Regency, Indonesia. It addresses structural constraints affecting transparency, equity, and sustainability in smallholder-based coffee systems.
Design/Methodology/Approach: A mixed-methods approach was employed, integrating qualitative field observations, semi-structured interviews, and focus group discussions with quantitative analysis of cost structures and value distribution. The research framework combines Value Chain Analysis (VCA) with a traceability assessment model to evaluate operational practices across two key coffee processing units during the 2024 harvest season.
Findings: The results reveal that while rudimentary traceability mechanisms are in place, they remain largely manual, fragmented, and underdeveloped in terms of digital integration and standardization. Value distribution is highly skewed, coffee shops capture the highest margin (60.69%), while farmers receive only 4.14%, pointing to deep structural inequities. A set of phased interventions is proposed across short, medium, and long-term timeframes to enhance traceability, empower farmer organizations, and promote more equitable value capture.
Originality/Value: This study draws on empirical data from a smallholder-based coffee supply chain operating under a social forestry scheme, a context that has received little attention in existing literature. It offers practical policy recommendations and an integrated framework linking the technical, institutional, and governance dimensions of traceability, with implications for rural development in emerging coffee regions.
Keywords
Ethical Statement
Thanks
References
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Marketing in Agricultural Management
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Krisna Setiawan
*
0000-0002-3962-5935
Indonesia
Eny Idayati
0000-0002-0741-0323
Indonesia
John Tibo Kana Tiri
0009-0002-1686-5896
Indonesia
Early Pub Date
June 23, 2026
Publication Date
June 26, 2026
Submission Date
August 6, 2025
Acceptance Date
April 14, 2026
Published in Issue
Year 2026 Volume: 32 Number: 1