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Edward Said’in ‘Yertsiz Yurtsuz’luğu Temelinde Şarkiyatçılık ve Tarihyazımı

Year 2019, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 1 - 19, 26.06.2019

Abstract

Bu çalışma, akademik dünyanın uzun süre
gündemini meşgul eden Şarkiyatçılık kavramının çıkış noktasını Edward Said’in Yertsiz Yurtsuz isimli otobiyografi
kitabı üzerinden incelemeyi ve bu doğrultuda elde edilen yorumlarla
Şarkiyatçılık’ın özellikle post-kolonyal tarih yazımına ne gibi etkilerde
bulunduğunu ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Literatürde Şarkiyatçılık kavramı ve
Edward Said’in bir çeşit sürgünlük olarak tanımladığı hayatındaki kimlik
karmaşası ve post-kolonyalizm yazınındaki yeri dile getirilmiştir. Bunun
yanında, eser üzerinden elde edilen yorumlarla Doğu-Batı ikilemindeki duruşunun
kökenlerine inilmesi, Şarkiyatçılık kavramının daha iyi anlaşılması ve bireysel
deneyimlerinin akademik yansımasını daha anlamak ve anlamlandırmak adına
zaruridir. Özellikle Post-kolonyal tarihyazımı açısından, geriye baktığında,
kendini öteki konumunda görerek geçirdiği çocukluğu, farklı eğitim kurumu
tarzlarını görmüş olması ve diğerlerinden farklı ve dışarda bırakılan bir
kimliğe sahip olmasının getirdiği bakış açısı sömüren ve sömürülen farkı
üzerinden bir perspektif geliştirmesini sağlamıştır. Bir anlamda Said’in madurun
yanında yer almasına yol açmıştır. Otobiyografisi üzerinden okunduğunda Edward
Said’in hem sürgünlüğü ifade etme hem de susturulan kesime dair bir sözcü olma
arzusu net bir şekilde okunabilmektedir. Bu doğrultuda hayatı boyunca geçirdiği
tecrübeler hem siyasi hem tarihi hem de edebi açıdan zenginleşmesini sağlamış
ve akademik yazına pek çok noktadan katkı sağlama olanağı bulmuştur.

References

  • Aijaz, A. (2000). In Theory: Nations, Classes, Literatures (Radical Thinkers), New York: Verso, 2000, 159-219.
  • Ali, T. (2018). Edward W. Said ile Konuşmalar. Nihansu Aydemir (Çev.) İstanbul: Alfa.
  • Almarcegui, P. (2014). Orientalism and Post-Orientalism: Ten Years without Edward Said, Observatory of Euro-Mediterranean Policies, 137-142.
  • Arlı, A. (2018). Oryantalizm, Oksidentalizm ve Şerif Mardin. İstanbul: Küre.
  • Ashcroft, B.& Ahluwalia, P. (2001). Edward Said (Routledge Critical Thinkers), Oxon: Routledge.
  • Atılgan, Y. (2014). Aylak Adam. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi.
  • Bakhtin, M. M. & Brostrom, K. (1990). Art and Answerability, eds. Michael Holquist et al., Vadim Liapunov (Çev.), Texas: University of Texas.
  • Bauman, Z. (2017). Kimlik, Ankara: Heretik.
  • Shehla B. (2012). Edward Said and Postcolonial Theory: Disjunctured Identities and the Subaltern Voices. Counterpoints, (417), 41-60.
  • Birinci, A. (1998). Hatırat Türünden Kaynakların Tarih Araştırmalarındaki Yeri ve Değeri. Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi, 14 (41), 611-620.
  • Carrier J. G. (1992). The World Turned Upside-down. American Ethnologist, 19 (2), 195-212.
  • Clifford, J. (1980). Orientalism by Edward W. Said. History and Theory, 19 (2), 204-223.
  • Chakravorty, G. S. (1985). Can the Subaltern Speak? Speculations on Widow Sacrifice. Wedge 7/8, 120-130.
  • Dallmayr, F. (1997). The Politics of Nonidentity: Adorno, Postmodernism-And Edward Said. Political Theory, 25 (1), 33-56.
  • Ford, Ken. (2005). El-Alamein 1942: The Turning of the Tide, Oxford: Osprey.
  • Foucault, M. (1972). The Archaeology of Knowledge, A. M. Sheridan Smith (Çev.) New York: Pantheon Books.
  • Gramsci, A. (1992). Selections From The Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci, (Ed. & Çev.) Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey N. Owell Smıth, New York: International Publishers.
  • Grossberg, L. (1996). Identity and Cultural Studies: Is That All There is?, S. Hall & P. Du Gay (Yay. Haz.), Questions of Cultural Identity (ss. 87-107) içinde, Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage.
  • Lee, L. F. (2001). Shanghai Modern: Reflections on Urban Culture in China in the 1930’s, içinde Alternative Modernities, Dilip Parameshwar Gaonkar (Yay. Haz.), Durham & London: Duke University, 75-107.
  • Lewis, B. (1982). The Question of Orientalism. The New York Review of Books, 1982, 1-20.
  • Lockman, Z. (2010). The Contending Visions of the Middle East: The History and Politics of Orientalism, Cambridge: Cambridge University.
  • Ludden, D. (2002). Reading Subaltern Studies: Critical History, Contested Meaning and the Globalization of South Asia, London: Anthem.
  • Mardin, Ş. (2002). Oryantalizmin Hasıraltı Ettiği. Doğu-Batı, 20, 111-116.
  • Bart Moore, G. (2003). Plotting the South African Colonial Unconscious: Subaltern Studies and Literary Criticism. African Identities, 1 (1), 37–52.
  • Rancière, J. (2009). Özgürleşen Seyirci, İstanbul: Metis.
  • Ray, S. (2009). Gayatri Spivak Chakravorty: In Other Words, United Kingdom: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Ricoeur, P. (2012). Hafıza, Tarih, Unutuş, M. Emin Özcan (Çev.) İstanbul: Metis.
  • Said, E. (1978). Orientalism, New York: Pantheon Books, 1978.
  • ___________. (2000). Reflections on Exile and Other Essays, Cambridge: Harvard University.
  • ___________. (2000). Invention, Memory and Past. Critical Inquiry, 26 (2), 157-192.
  • ___________. (1990). “Yeats and Decolonization”, içinde Nationalism, Colonialism, and Literature. Eagleton, Terry, Fredric Jameson, Edward W. Said & Seamus Deane (Yay. Haz.), Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.
  • ___________. (2013). Şarkiyatçılık: Batı’nın Şark Anlayışları, Berna Yıldırım (Çev.) İstanbul: Metis.
  • ___________. (2014). Yersiz Yurtsuz. Aylin Ülçer (Çev.) İstanbul: Metis.
  • ___________. (2016). Kış Ruhu. İstanbul: Metis.
  • Sanders, M. (2006). Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak: Live Theory. Londra: Continuum International.
  • Spivak, G. C. (2003). Death of a Discipline, The Wellek Library Lectures in Critical Theory. New York: Columbia University.
  • Jhally, S. (2016). Edward Said İle ‘Oryantalı̇zm’e Daı̇r… Adem Köroğlu (Çev.) Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi, 167-178.
  • Treacher, A. (2005). Edward Said: Identity, Politics and History. Psychodynamic Practice, 11 (4), 373-388.
  • Trouillot, M. R. (1995). Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History, Boston: Beacon.
  • Tutal, N. (2002). Oryantalizm Nasıl Okunuyor?. Doğu Batı, 20 (II), 117-137.
  • Walia, S. (1997). Edward Said and the Writing of History (Postmodern Encounters), Michigan: Totem Books.
  • Wittgenstein, L. (1922). Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, Edinburgh: Edinburgh.

Orientalism and Historiography on the Base of Edward Said’s ‘out of Place’

Year 2019, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 1 - 19, 26.06.2019

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the starting point of the
concept of Orientalism, which has been occupied the agenda of the academic
world for a long time, over the memoir book of Edward Said, Out of Place and to
reveal Orientalism’s impact especially on the post-colonial historiography with
the obtained interpretation. In the ongoing literature, the concept of
Orientalism and Edward Said’s identity confusion of which he defined as a kind
of exile was put forth in the place of post-colonial historiography. Besides,
it is vital to examine his stance to the roots of East-West conundrum to
understand the academic reflection of his individual experiences and the
concept of Orientalism through his memoir. In terms of post-colonial
historiography, when he looked back, his childhood of which he regraded himself
as other and his education at different institutions, also, his perspective of
which the identity was estranged from others provided him to develop an outlook
differentiating the exploited and exploiter and he took a stand in subaltern.
Perusing over his memoir, his passion of expressing his exile and the being the
spokesman of the silenced fractions
can be easily noticed. Thus, his lifelong
experiences gave him an opportunity of enrichment in terms of politics, history,
literature and academic circle.

References

  • Aijaz, A. (2000). In Theory: Nations, Classes, Literatures (Radical Thinkers), New York: Verso, 2000, 159-219.
  • Ali, T. (2018). Edward W. Said ile Konuşmalar. Nihansu Aydemir (Çev.) İstanbul: Alfa.
  • Almarcegui, P. (2014). Orientalism and Post-Orientalism: Ten Years without Edward Said, Observatory of Euro-Mediterranean Policies, 137-142.
  • Arlı, A. (2018). Oryantalizm, Oksidentalizm ve Şerif Mardin. İstanbul: Küre.
  • Ashcroft, B.& Ahluwalia, P. (2001). Edward Said (Routledge Critical Thinkers), Oxon: Routledge.
  • Atılgan, Y. (2014). Aylak Adam. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi.
  • Bakhtin, M. M. & Brostrom, K. (1990). Art and Answerability, eds. Michael Holquist et al., Vadim Liapunov (Çev.), Texas: University of Texas.
  • Bauman, Z. (2017). Kimlik, Ankara: Heretik.
  • Shehla B. (2012). Edward Said and Postcolonial Theory: Disjunctured Identities and the Subaltern Voices. Counterpoints, (417), 41-60.
  • Birinci, A. (1998). Hatırat Türünden Kaynakların Tarih Araştırmalarındaki Yeri ve Değeri. Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Dergisi, 14 (41), 611-620.
  • Carrier J. G. (1992). The World Turned Upside-down. American Ethnologist, 19 (2), 195-212.
  • Clifford, J. (1980). Orientalism by Edward W. Said. History and Theory, 19 (2), 204-223.
  • Chakravorty, G. S. (1985). Can the Subaltern Speak? Speculations on Widow Sacrifice. Wedge 7/8, 120-130.
  • Dallmayr, F. (1997). The Politics of Nonidentity: Adorno, Postmodernism-And Edward Said. Political Theory, 25 (1), 33-56.
  • Ford, Ken. (2005). El-Alamein 1942: The Turning of the Tide, Oxford: Osprey.
  • Foucault, M. (1972). The Archaeology of Knowledge, A. M. Sheridan Smith (Çev.) New York: Pantheon Books.
  • Gramsci, A. (1992). Selections From The Prison Notebooks of Antonio Gramsci, (Ed. & Çev.) Quintin Hoare and Geoffrey N. Owell Smıth, New York: International Publishers.
  • Grossberg, L. (1996). Identity and Cultural Studies: Is That All There is?, S. Hall & P. Du Gay (Yay. Haz.), Questions of Cultural Identity (ss. 87-107) içinde, Thousand Oaks, CA, US: Sage.
  • Lee, L. F. (2001). Shanghai Modern: Reflections on Urban Culture in China in the 1930’s, içinde Alternative Modernities, Dilip Parameshwar Gaonkar (Yay. Haz.), Durham & London: Duke University, 75-107.
  • Lewis, B. (1982). The Question of Orientalism. The New York Review of Books, 1982, 1-20.
  • Lockman, Z. (2010). The Contending Visions of the Middle East: The History and Politics of Orientalism, Cambridge: Cambridge University.
  • Ludden, D. (2002). Reading Subaltern Studies: Critical History, Contested Meaning and the Globalization of South Asia, London: Anthem.
  • Mardin, Ş. (2002). Oryantalizmin Hasıraltı Ettiği. Doğu-Batı, 20, 111-116.
  • Bart Moore, G. (2003). Plotting the South African Colonial Unconscious: Subaltern Studies and Literary Criticism. African Identities, 1 (1), 37–52.
  • Rancière, J. (2009). Özgürleşen Seyirci, İstanbul: Metis.
  • Ray, S. (2009). Gayatri Spivak Chakravorty: In Other Words, United Kingdom: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Ricoeur, P. (2012). Hafıza, Tarih, Unutuş, M. Emin Özcan (Çev.) İstanbul: Metis.
  • Said, E. (1978). Orientalism, New York: Pantheon Books, 1978.
  • ___________. (2000). Reflections on Exile and Other Essays, Cambridge: Harvard University.
  • ___________. (2000). Invention, Memory and Past. Critical Inquiry, 26 (2), 157-192.
  • ___________. (1990). “Yeats and Decolonization”, içinde Nationalism, Colonialism, and Literature. Eagleton, Terry, Fredric Jameson, Edward W. Said & Seamus Deane (Yay. Haz.), Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.
  • ___________. (2013). Şarkiyatçılık: Batı’nın Şark Anlayışları, Berna Yıldırım (Çev.) İstanbul: Metis.
  • ___________. (2014). Yersiz Yurtsuz. Aylin Ülçer (Çev.) İstanbul: Metis.
  • ___________. (2016). Kış Ruhu. İstanbul: Metis.
  • Sanders, M. (2006). Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak: Live Theory. Londra: Continuum International.
  • Spivak, G. C. (2003). Death of a Discipline, The Wellek Library Lectures in Critical Theory. New York: Columbia University.
  • Jhally, S. (2016). Edward Said İle ‘Oryantalı̇zm’e Daı̇r… Adem Köroğlu (Çev.) Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi, 167-178.
  • Treacher, A. (2005). Edward Said: Identity, Politics and History. Psychodynamic Practice, 11 (4), 373-388.
  • Trouillot, M. R. (1995). Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History, Boston: Beacon.
  • Tutal, N. (2002). Oryantalizm Nasıl Okunuyor?. Doğu Batı, 20 (II), 117-137.
  • Walia, S. (1997). Edward Said and the Writing of History (Postmodern Encounters), Michigan: Totem Books.
  • Wittgenstein, L. (1922). Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, Edinburgh: Edinburgh.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research/Ttheoretical
Authors

Özge Aslanmirza 0000-0001-9664-9880

Publication Date June 26, 2019
Acceptance Date June 21, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Aslanmirza, Ö. (2019). Edward Said’in ‘Yertsiz Yurtsuz’luğu Temelinde Şarkiyatçılık ve Tarihyazımı. tarihyazımı, 1(1), 1-19.

Ethical Committee Approval

With the decision of ULAKBİM on February 25th, 2020, there is a condition that "All the disciplines of science (including social sciences), there should be an Ethical Committee Approval for research involving human and animal (clinical and experimental) separately and this approval must be mentioned in the article and it should be documented". The research conducted by quantitative or qualitative approaches which require data collection such as questionnaire, interview, observation, focus group study, the experiment is regarded under the aforementioned content.