Research Article

Developmental Policy of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil al-Ayyubi in the al-Hawf Region of Egypt: A Study of Land Reclamation Systems and Water Resource Development (596–615 AH / 1200–1218 CE)

Volume: 11 Number: 2 July 1, 2026
TR EN

Developmental Policy of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil al-Ayyubi in the al-Hawf Region of Egypt: A Study of Land Reclamation Systems and Water Resource Development (596–615 AH / 1200–1218 CE)

Abstract

This study addresses a significant gap in Ayyubid historiography by shifting focus from traditional military narratives to the developmental policies of the state. The research investigates how al-Malik al-ʿĀdil managed natural resources and socio-economic instability in the al-Hawf region of Egypt during the intense Crusader conflicts between 1200 and 1218 CE. The primary objective is to analyze the integration of land reclamation systems and water resource management as strategic tools for ensuring food security and political legitimacy. Employing a qualitative historical-analytical methodology, the study examines primary medieval manuscripts, administrative documents like Dīwān al-Kharāj, and geographical texts to reconstruct the developmental landscape of the eastern Nile Delta. The findings reveal that the Ayyubid state implemented a sophisticated "flexible centralization" model, combining technical infrastructure maintenance (such as clearing silt from canals and reinforcing dikes) with administrative innovations like "fiscal flexibility" to support peasant stability. These policies transformed al-Hawf into a strategic grain reserve and a vital logistical hub for military campaigns. The research concludes that this historical model offers profound insights into the nexus of resource management and national security, aligning with contemporary Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 2 and SDG 6). The study’s original contribution lies in framing medieval agricultural expansion as a proactive security strategy rather than reactive crisis management. Future research should conduct comparative studies on developmental policies across different medieval Islamic provinces to further understand administrative evolution.

Keywords

Ethical Statement

The author declares that this work is original, has not been published elsewhere, and complies with academic ethical principles. Since this is a historical research, ethical committee approval is not required.

Thanks

Dear Editor, I am submitting my manuscript titled "The Developmental Policy of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil al-Ayyubi in the al-Hawf Region of Egypt" for your consideration. Thank you for your valuable time and for considering my work.

References

  1. Abdul Raziq, A. (2005). History of Egypt in the Ayyubid Era. Cairo: Anglo-Egyptian Bookshop.
  2. Al-Hamawi, Y. (1977). Dictionary of Countries. Beirut: Dar Sadir.
  3. Al-Maqrizi, T. (1997). Exhortations and Consideration of the History of Settlements and Monuments. Cairo: General Egyptian Book Organization.
  4. Al-Nusayri, M. (1991). Egyptian Rural Society in the Ayyubid Era. Cairo: Dar al-Fikr al-Arabi.
  5. Al-Shadhili, A. (2012). The Agricultural Economy in Egypt during the Ayyubid and Mamluk Eras. Cairo: Dar al-Fikr al-Arabi.
  6. Al-Shatir, M. R. (2010). Economic conditions in the Eastern al-Hawf region. Journal of the Faculty of Arts, Zagazig University, 15(2), 180–210.
  7. Ashtor, E. (1976). A Social and Economic History of the Near East in the Middle Ages. Berkeley: University of California Press.
  8. Awad, M. (2008). The Egyptian Countryside in the Middle Ages. Alexandria: Dar al-Ma’rifa al-Jami’iya.

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

History of The Humanities

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

July 1, 2026

Submission Date

February 17, 2026

Acceptance Date

May 2, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 11 Number: 2

APA
Youcef, A. (2026). Developmental Policy of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil al-Ayyubi in the al-Hawf Region of Egypt: A Study of Land Reclamation Systems and Water Resource Development (596–615 AH / 1200–1218 CE). Turkish Academic Research Review, 11(2), 393-405. https://doi.org/10.30622/tarr.1891254
AMA
1.Youcef A. Developmental Policy of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil al-Ayyubi in the al-Hawf Region of Egypt: A Study of Land Reclamation Systems and Water Resource Development (596–615 AH / 1200–1218 CE). tarr. 2026;11(2):393-405. doi:10.30622/tarr.1891254
Chicago
Youcef, Ahlem. 2026. “Developmental Policy of Al-Malik Al-ʿĀdil Al-Ayyubi in the Al-Hawf Region of Egypt: A Study of Land Reclamation Systems and Water Resource Development (596–615 AH 1200–1218 CE)”. Turkish Academic Research Review 11 (2): 393-405. https://doi.org/10.30622/tarr.1891254.
EndNote
Youcef A (July 1, 2026) Developmental Policy of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil al-Ayyubi in the al-Hawf Region of Egypt: A Study of Land Reclamation Systems and Water Resource Development (596–615 AH / 1200–1218 CE). Turkish Academic Research Review 11 2 393–405.
IEEE
[1]A. Youcef, “Developmental Policy of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil al-Ayyubi in the al-Hawf Region of Egypt: A Study of Land Reclamation Systems and Water Resource Development (596–615 AH / 1200–1218 CE)”, tarr, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 393–405, July 2026, doi: 10.30622/tarr.1891254.
ISNAD
Youcef, Ahlem. “Developmental Policy of Al-Malik Al-ʿĀdil Al-Ayyubi in the Al-Hawf Region of Egypt: A Study of Land Reclamation Systems and Water Resource Development (596–615 AH 1200–1218 CE)”. Turkish Academic Research Review 11/2 (July 1, 2026): 393-405. https://doi.org/10.30622/tarr.1891254.
JAMA
1.Youcef A. Developmental Policy of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil al-Ayyubi in the al-Hawf Region of Egypt: A Study of Land Reclamation Systems and Water Resource Development (596–615 AH / 1200–1218 CE). tarr. 2026;11:393–405.
MLA
Youcef, Ahlem. “Developmental Policy of Al-Malik Al-ʿĀdil Al-Ayyubi in the Al-Hawf Region of Egypt: A Study of Land Reclamation Systems and Water Resource Development (596–615 AH 1200–1218 CE)”. Turkish Academic Research Review, vol. 11, no. 2, July 2026, pp. 393-05, doi:10.30622/tarr.1891254.
Vancouver
1.Ahlem Youcef. Developmental Policy of al-Malik al-ʿĀdil al-Ayyubi in the al-Hawf Region of Egypt: A Study of Land Reclamation Systems and Water Resource Development (596–615 AH / 1200–1218 CE). tarr. 2026 Jul. 1;11(2):393-405. doi:10.30622/tarr.1891254