Ardahan iline ait bazı temel coğrafi özelliklerin ve arazi-toprak verilerinin Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ile değerlendirilmesi (Kuzeydoğu Anadolu)

Öz

Yer şekilleri, yükselti, eğim, bakı ve jeolojik özellikler toprak gelişiminin belirleyici unsurları arasındadır. Topraklar, genellikle arazi kullanımı ve yönetimindeki değişikliklere yavaş tepki vermektedir. Bu nedenle geri dönüşü olmayan bir hasar meydana gelmeden önce toprak kalitesindeki değişiklikleri tespit etmek gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Ardahan ilindeki bazı temel toprak, arazi ve coğrafi özelliklerin belirlenmesi ile konumsal dağılım haritalarının üretilmesidir. Ardahan (1825 m), Kuzeydoğu Anadolu’da, Doğu Anadolu Bölgesi’nin Erzurum-Kars Bölümü içerisinde bulunmaktadır. Çalışma alanı genel olarak 40°37'-41°35' kuzey enlemleri ile 42°15'-43°28' doğu boylamları arasında yer almaktadır. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, Ardahan ilinin yaklaşık yarısına yakınında (% 46.12) bazaltik topraklar dağılım göstermektedir. Arazi kullanımına göre ilin % 59.69’luk kısmı mera, % 17.89’luk kısmı ise kuru tarım arazilerinden oluşmaktadır. Erozyon durumu açısından Ardahan ilinin % 33.41’i şiddetli ve çok şiddetli erozyona maruz kalmaktadır. İşlemeli tarıma uygun araziler ilde oldukça sınırlıdır. Ardahan ili toplam alanının yaklaşık % 23.9’luk kısmı farklı sınıf kabiliyetine sahip alanlardan (I., II. ve III.) oluşmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yer şekilleri
• arazi kullanımı
• iklim
• Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri
• Ardahan
• Türkiye.

Evaluation of some basic geographical features and land-soil data of Ardahan province with Geographic Information Systems (NE Anatolia)

Öz

Landforms, elevation, slope, aspect and geological features are among the determining factors of soil development. Soils generally respond slowly to changes in land use and management. Therefore, it is necessary to detect changes in soil quality before irreversible damage occurs. This current study aims to determine some basic soil, land and geographical features of Ardahan province and to produce spatial distribution maps. Ardahan (1825 m a.s.l.) is located in Northeastern Anatolia, within the Erzurum-Kars Section of the Eastern Anatolia Region. The study area is generally located between 40°37'- 41°35' north latitudes and 42°15'- 43°28' east longitudes. According to the results, basaltic soils are distributed in nearly half of Ardahan province (46.12%). According to land use-land cover, 59.69% of the province comprises pasture and 17.89% of dry agricultural lands. Regarding erosion status, 33.41% of Ardahan province is exposed to severe and very severe erosion. The lands suitable for cultivated agriculture are very limited in the province. Approximately 23.9% of the total area of Ardahan province is divided into areas with different class capabilities (I., II. and III.).

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Landforms
• land use
• climate
• Geographic Information Systems
• Ardahan
• Türkiye.

Kaynakça

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