Biological control of Gray Mold Disease (Botrytis cinerea Pers.) of grapevine by antagonistic bacteria

Öz

This study focused on isolating antagonistic bacteria from vineyard areas in Sarigol/Manisa Province and using them for biological control against Gray Mold Disease caused by Botrytis cinerea. Biological efficiencies of antagonists were investigated by in-vitro and in-vivo studies. The compatibilities of the antagonists with azoxystrobin and cyprodinil + fludioxonil, which are active ingredients of fungicides, were also examined. A total of 11 B. cinerea strains were isolated, and the B33 isolate was used as the most virulent disease isolate across the study. A total of 160 putative antagonistic bacterial isolates were obtained from healthy grape plants. Among them, 17 bacterial isolates inhibited mycelial growth of the fungal agent by between 6.8% and 80.1% in in-vitro dual culture tests. The antagonistic bacteria were Bacillus halotolerans, B. licheniformis, B. safensis, B. subtilis, B. velezensis, Kosakonia cowanii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Of the 17 antagonists, 13 were Bacillus species, while seven of them were strains of B. velezensis. In plant studies conducted with the A7Len4, A1Len4 and A8Len1 isolates, an efficacy of between 71.43% and 80.96% against the disease was determined. All three antagonists werecompatible with up to two applications of azoxystrobin.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Botrytis cinerea
• biological control
• antagonist bacteria
• Bacillus velezensis

Bağda Kurşuni Küf Hastalığı (Botrytis cinerea Pers.)’na karşı antagonist bakterilerle biyolojik mücadele

Öz

Bu çalışmada; Manisa ili Sarıgöl ilçesi bağ alanlarından antagonist bakterilerin izolasyonu ve Kurşuni Küf Hastalığına (Botrytis cinerea) karşı biyolojik mücadelede kullanılabilme olanakları araştırılmıştır. In-vitro ve in-vivo çalışmalarla biyolojik etkinliği araştırılan antagonistlerin ayrıca azoxystrobin ve cyprodinil + fludioxonil etkili maddeli fungisitler ile uyumluluğuna da bakılmıştır. Çalışmada 11 adet B. cinerea izolatı elde edilmiş ve en virülent B33 izolatı çalışmanın tamamında hastalık etmeni olarak kullanılmıştır. Sağlıklı bitkilerden 160 antagonist adayı bakteri izole edilmiştir. Aday bakteri izolatlar arasından 17 bakteri izolatı in-vitro ikili kültür testlerinde fungal etmenin misel gelişimini %6.8-%80.1 arasında engellemiştir. Antagonist bakteri izolatları Bacillus halotolerans, B. licheniformis, B. safensis, B. subtilis, B. velezensis, Kosakonia cowanii ve Pseudomonas aeruginosa olarak tanılanmıştır. On yedi antagonistten 13 tanesi Bacillus türleriyken, 7 tanesinin B. velezensis olduğu belirlenmiştir. A7Len4, A1Len4 ve A8Len1 izolatları ile yapılan bitki çalışmalarında, B. cinerea’a karşı %71.43-%80.96 arasında etki saptanmıştır. Bu üç antagonistin de azoxystrobin etkili fungisit ile arazi dozunun iki katına kadar uyumlu olduğu bulunmuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Botrytis cinerea
• biyolojik savaş
• antagonist bakteri
• Bacillus velezensis

Kaynakça

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