Research Article

Assessment of water scarcity at spatial scale in Turkey

Number: 68 May 18, 2017
EN TR

Assessment of water scarcity at spatial scale in Turkey

Abstract

Water is one of the world's most important natural resources. Rapid population growth, urbanization and industrialization are increasing the demand for water with each passing day. This situation will lead to the emergence of big problems in country's access to water resources in the near future. It is important to correctly calculate the water potentials of the countries in planning the precautions that can be taken against possible water scarcity to be experienced in the future. The most important factor in determining the water potential is the rainfall that varies on spatial and temporal scales. It is difficult to be able to accurately estimate the precipitation and to reveal its spatial distribution. Different methods are used to overcome this difficulty and to predict the precipitation accurately. The geostatistical methods are mostly preferred among these methods. The purposes of this study which was carried out using geostatistical methods are to calculate Turkey's precipitation realistically, to create the right precipitation forecast model, to calculate the annual mean total precipitation for each basin, to determine the amount of water per person in 26 basins, and to evaluate each basin according to Falkenmark water stress index. For this purpose, the annual mean total precipitation data covering 1975–2010 period and population data of villages falling within the boundaries of 26 river basins have been used. A precipitation prediction model was constructed by using Kriging method. The precipitation model was tested with the Cross Validation method. Turkey’s annual mean total precipitation estimation map well reflects the orographic stretch and aspect conditions. Also, the annual mean total amount of precipitation is 559.2 mm and the total amount of precipitation is 433.9 billion m3 across Turkey. This value is very important for a country, which is at the border in terms of available water like Turkey. In the study, the amount of annual mean total precipitation and the amount of water per capita were then calculated for 26 basins. According to Falkenmark water stress index used in the comparison of water potentials, the other 23 basins out of Marmara showing "absolute water scarcity", Küçük Menderes with "water scarcity" and Sakarya basin with “water shortage” in Turkey fall into the category of "no water pressure". The fact that absolute water scarcity and water scarcity are experienced in these three basins where the large part of the population of Turkey live and where there are large investments on industrial and agricultural sectors requires making water use plans for the future especially for these basins.

Keywords

References

  1. Akın, M., Akın, G. (2007) “Suyun önemi, Türkiye'de su potansiyeli, su havzaları ve su kirliliği”, Ankara Üniversitesi Dil ve Tarih-Coğrafya Fakültesi Dergisi 47, 105–118.
  2. Arbués, F., Valiñas, M.Á.G. and Espiñeira, R.M. (2003) “Estimation of residential water demand: a state-of-the-art review”, Journal of Socio-Economics 32, 81–102.
  3. Aydın O. (2014) Türkiye’de Yıllık Ortalama Toplam Yağışın Kriging Yöntemiyle Belirlenmesi, Ankara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Doktora Tezi, Ankara.
  4. Aydin O. and Çiçek İ. (2015) Geostatistical Interpolation of Precipitation in Turkey, Lambert Academic Publishing, Saarbrucken, Germany.
  5. Aydin O., Türkoğlu N. and Çiçek İ. (2015) "The importance of geostatistics in physical geography", International Journal of Human Science 12(2), 1397–1415.
  6. Burak, S., Duran Yıldız, İ., Yetiş, Ü. (1997) Su Kaynaklarının Yönetimi, Ulusal Çevre Eylem Planı, Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı.
  7. Burte, J., Coudrain, A., Frischkorn, H., Chaffaut, I. and Kosuth, P. (2005) “Human impacts on components of hydrological balance in an alluvial aquifer in the semiarid Northeast, Brazil”, Hydrological Sciences Journal-Journal Des Sciences Hydrologiques, 50(1), 95–110.
  8. Caruso, C. and Quarta, F. (1998) “Interpolation methods comparison”, Computers and Mathematics with Applications 35(12), 109–126.

Details

Primary Language

Turkish

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

May 18, 2017

Submission Date

May 18, 2017

Acceptance Date

February 15, 2017

Published in Issue

Year 2017 Number: 68

APA
Aydın, O., Ünaldı, Ü. E., Duman, N., Çiçek, İ., & Türkoğlu, N. (2017). Türkiye’de su kıtlığının mekânsal ölçekte değerlendirilmesi. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 68, 11-18. https://doi.org/10.17211/tcd.314754
AMA
1.Aydın O, Ünaldı ÜE, Duman N, Çiçek İ, Türkoğlu N. Türkiye’de su kıtlığının mekânsal ölçekte değerlendirilmesi. Turk Geog. Rev. 2017;(68):11-18. doi:10.17211/tcd.314754
Chicago
Aydın, Olgu, Ülkü Eser Ünaldı, Neşe Duman, İhsan Çiçek, and Necla Türkoğlu. 2017. “Türkiye’de Su Kıtlığının Mekânsal ölçekte Değerlendirilmesi”. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, nos. 68: 11-18. https://doi.org/10.17211/tcd.314754.
EndNote
Aydın O, Ünaldı ÜE, Duman N, Çiçek İ, Türkoğlu N (June 1, 2017) Türkiye’de su kıtlığının mekânsal ölçekte değerlendirilmesi. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi 68 11–18.
IEEE
[1]O. Aydın, Ü. E. Ünaldı, N. Duman, İ. Çiçek, and N. Türkoğlu, “Türkiye’de su kıtlığının mekânsal ölçekte değerlendirilmesi”, Turk Geog. Rev., no. 68, pp. 11–18, June 2017, doi: 10.17211/tcd.314754.
ISNAD
Aydın, Olgu - Ünaldı, Ülkü Eser - Duman, Neşe - Çiçek, İhsan - Türkoğlu, Necla. “Türkiye’de Su Kıtlığının Mekânsal ölçekte Değerlendirilmesi”. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi. 68 (June 1, 2017): 11-18. https://doi.org/10.17211/tcd.314754.
JAMA
1.Aydın O, Ünaldı ÜE, Duman N, Çiçek İ, Türkoğlu N. Türkiye’de su kıtlığının mekânsal ölçekte değerlendirilmesi. Turk Geog. Rev. 2017;:11–18.
MLA
Aydın, Olgu, et al. “Türkiye’de Su Kıtlığının Mekânsal ölçekte Değerlendirilmesi”. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, no. 68, June 2017, pp. 11-18, doi:10.17211/tcd.314754.
Vancouver
1.Olgu Aydın, Ülkü Eser Ünaldı, Neşe Duman, İhsan Çiçek, Necla Türkoğlu. Türkiye’de su kıtlığının mekânsal ölçekte değerlendirilmesi. Turk Geog. Rev. 2017 Jun. 1;(68):11-8. doi:10.17211/tcd.314754

Cited By

Publisher: Türk Coğrafya Kurumu / Turkish Geographical Society