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Anadolu’nun sirk gölleri

Year 2021, Issue: 78, 49 - 60, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17211/tcd.998089

Abstract

Başta sirk gölleri olmak üzere, buzul gölleri Anadolu’daki yüksek dağlık alanların alpin kuşağında
yer alan en önemli gölleri oluşturmaktadır. Anadolu’daki buzul jeomorfolojisi ve Kuvaterner buzullaşma
koşulları hakkında birçok çalışma yapılmış olmasına rağmen sirk gölleri yeterince incelenmemiştir.
Bu eksiklikten dolayı bu çalışmada Anadolu’daki tüm sirk göllerinin dağılışı ve morfometrik
özellikleri CBS tabanlı olarak incelenmiştir. Uydu görüntüleri ve topografya haritaları üzerinden yapılan
haritalama çalışmalarında 28 farklı kütle üzerinde toplam 660 adet sirk gölü tespit edilmiştir.
Alansal dağılış özelliklerine göre sirk göllerinin çok büyük bir bölümü (%77) Doğu Karadeniz Dağları
üzerinde bulunmaktadır ve bu dağlık alanlarda sirk gölü/sirk sayısı oranı (G/S oranı) %30’a ulaşmaktadır.
Batı ve Orta Toroslar’da buzullaşmaya uğramış birçok kütle ve yüzlerce sirk bulunmasına
rağmen sirk gölü sayısı çok azdır ve birçok kütle üzerinde hiç sirk gölü yer almamaktadır (G/S oranı
0’dır). Bu durumun oluşmasında litolojik koşullar büyük etkiye sahiptir. Batı ve Orta Toroslar’da buzullaşmaya
uğramış kütleler karstik birimlerden oluşurken, Doğu Karadeniz Dağları karstik olmayan
volkanik ve intrusif birimlerden oluşmaktadır. Morfometrik hesaplamalara göre Anadolu’daki tüm
sirk göllerinin ortalama yükseklikleri 2882 metredir ve bu değer Kuvaterner buzul dönemleri kalıcı
kar sınırı ölçümleri ile örtüşmektedir. Göl büyüklükleri açısından göllerin ortalama alanları 13.346
m2 (0,0133 km2)’dir ve alan sınıflandırmasına göre göllerin neredeyse tamamına yakını küçük göl
sınıfı içerisindedir (%99,5). Küresel grid tabanlı iklim verilerine göre sirk gölü alanlarının yıllık ortalama
sıcaklığı -0,11°C, yıllık toplam yağış değeri ise 825 mm’dir.

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Cirque lakes of Anatolia

Year 2021, Issue: 78, 49 - 60, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.17211/tcd.998089

Abstract

Glacial lakes, especially cirque lakes, constitute the most important lakes in the alpine belt
of high mountain areas in Anatolia. Although there are many studies have been performed
on the glacial geomorphology and Quaternary glaciation conditions in Anatolia, the cirque
lakes have not been investigated in detail. In this study, the distribution characteristics and
morphometric properties of all cirque lakes in Anatolia were investigated based on GIS. As
a result of the mapping studies based on satellite images and topography maps, 660 cirque
lakes were determined on 28 different mountains. In terms of spatial distribution, most of
the cirque lakes (77%) are located on the Eastern Black Sea Mountains, and the ratio of
cirque lakes/cirques (L/C ratio) reaches 30% on these mountains. Although there are many
glaciated mountains and hundreds of cirques in the Western and Central Taurus Mountains,
the cirque lakes are very few and there are no cirque lakes on many mountains (L/C ratio is 0).
Lithological conditions have a great influence on this result. While the glaciated mountains in
the Western and Central Taurus are composed of karst units, the Eastern Black Sea Mountains
are composed of non-karst volcanic and intrusive units. The average altitude of all cirque lakes
in Anatolia is 2882 meters and this altitude conforms to permanent snow altitudes in glacial
periods of the Quaternary. The average cirque lake area is 13,346 m2 (0.0133 km2) and almost
all of the cirque lakes are in the small lake class (99.5%). According to the global gridded
climate data, the annual average temperature and the total annual precipitation amount of
the around cirque lakes are 0.11°C and 825 mm, respectively.

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There are 74 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Human Geography
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Muhammed Zeynel Öztürk 0000-0002-9834-7680

Mesut Şimşek 0000-0002-4678-4336

Mustafa Utlu 0000-0002-7508-4478

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Acceptance Date October 27, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 78

Cite

APA Öztürk, M. Z., Şimşek, M., & Utlu, M. (2021). Anadolu’nun sirk gölleri. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi(78), 49-60. https://doi.org/10.17211/tcd.998089

Publisher: Turkish Geographical Society