Psychosocial Functionality in Adolescents with Inborn Errors of Immunity During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to determine the impact of COVID-19 on the psychosocial functioning of adolescents with inborn errors of immunity (IEI). Material and Methods: Thirty-six patients with IEI (18 mild, 18 severe) and 18 healthy controls aged between 10 and 17 were included in this study. Adolescents and their caregivers completed the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS) to measure symptoms of anxiety and depression and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to assess prosocial behaviors and emotional/behavioral problems. Additionally, the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S) was answered by adolescents to assess the level of coronavirus phobia. Results: According to SDQ, emotional scores of the adolescents in the control group are higher than the mild/severe patient group. Emotional scores of the severe patient group are higher than the mild group. The RCADS parent- and adolescent-reported depression scores and parent-reported social phobia scores of the control group were significantly higher than the mild group.There were no statistically significant differences between the groups according to COVID-19 Phobia Scale. Conclusion: The healthy adolescents had higher psychiatric symptom scores, especially than the adolescents with mild IEI. We suggest that being exposed to health-related challenges even before the pandemics in adolescents with IEI helped them develop psychological resilience. Longitudinal and larger studies are needed to evaluate the long-term effects of the pandemic on the mental health of this vulnerable adolescent population.

Keywords

• inborn errors of immunity
• COVID-19 Pandemic
• mental health
• adolescents.

COVID-19 Salgını Sırasında Doğuştan Bağışıklık Yetersizliği Olan Ergenlerde Psikososyal İşlevsellik

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, doğuştan bağışıklık yetersizliği olan ergenlerin psikososyal işlevleri üzerinde COVİD-19’un etkisini belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya 36 doğuştan bağışıklık yetersizlik hastası (18 hafif, 18 şiddetli) ve yaşları 10-17 arasında 18 sağlıklı kontrol dahil edildi. Ergenler ve onların ebeveynleri, kaygı ve depresyon semptomlarını ölçmek için Gözden Geçirilmiş Çocuk Kaygısı ve Depresyon Ölçeği’ni (RCADS) ve sosyal davranışları ve duygusal/davranışsal sorunları değerlendirmek için Güçler Güçlükler Anketi’ni (SDQ) doldurdu. Ek olarak, ergenler tarafından koronavirüs fobisinin düzeyini değerlendirmek amacıyla COVİD-19 Fobi Ölçeği (C19P-S) yanıtlandı. Bulgular: SDQ’ya göre kontrol grubundaki ergenlerin duygusal puanları hafif/ağır hasta grubuna göre daha yüksekti. Ağır hasta grubunun emosyonel puanları hafif gruba göre daha yüksekti. RCADS ebeveyn ve ergen skorlarına göre, kontrol grubunun depresyon puanları ve ebeveynlerin sosyal fobi puanları hafif gruba göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Sonuç: Bu çalışma sonuçlarına göre sağlıklı ergenlerin psikiyatrik belirti skorları, özellikle hafif doğuştan bağışıklık yetersizliği olan ergenlere göre daha yüksektir. Doğuştan bağışıklık yetersizlikli ergenlerin pandemiden önceki dönemde sağlıkla ilgili zorluklara maruz kalmalarının dayanıklılık geliştirmelerine yardımcı olduğunu düşünüyoruz. Pandeminin bu savunmasız ergen popülasyonunun ruh sağlığı üzerindeki uzun vadeli etkilerini değerlendirmek için uzun vadeli ve daha büyük çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Keywords

• doğuştan gelen bağışıklık hataları
• COVİD-19 Salgını
• ruh sağlığı
• ergenler

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