An overview of the etiology of vaccine hesitancy and refusal

Abstract

Vaccination is among the most cost-effective interventions for protecting populations against infectious diseases. Individuals exhibiting vaccine hesitancy may eventually accept some or all vaccines, may delay them, or may reject specific ones. In contrast, vaccine refusal denotes the complete voluntary rejection of all vaccines in the current immunization program. Vaccine refusal represents a significant public health concern, threatening both individual and community health. Opposition to vaccines has existed since their inception and continues to grow, particularly with the influence of the internet and social media. Some of the reasons for vaccine refusal include concerns about the vaccine components, distrust in vaccines, religious beliefs, reservations about the pharmaceutical industry, and fear of adverse effects. This review aims to explore the etiology of vaccine refusal based on current literature.

Keywords

• Child
• etiology
• vaccine hesitancy
• vaccine refusal

Aşı Reddi Nedenlerine ve Tarihçesine Genel Bir Bakış

Abstract

Aşılama, bulaşıcı hastalıklardan korunmada en maliyet etkin halk sağlığı müdahalelerinden biridir. Aşı tereddüdü gösteren bireyler, zamanla bazı veya tüm aşıları kabul edebilir, uygulamayı erteleyebilir ya da belirli aşıları reddedebilir. Buna karşılık, aşı reddi, mevcut bağışıklama programındaki tüm aşıların gönüllü olarak tamamen reddedilmesini ifade eder. Aşı reddi, bireysel ve toplumsal bağışıklığı tehlikeye atan ciddi bir halk sağlığı sorunu teşkil etmektedir. Aşı karşıtlığı, aşıların tarihsel olarak ilk uygulanmaya başlandığı dönemden bu yana varlığını sürdürmekte olup, özellikle internet ve sosyal medya aracılığıyla son yıllarda artış göstermektedir. Aşı reddi nedenlerinden bazıları; aşıların içeriği ile ilgili endişeler, aşılara karşı güvensizlik, dini inanışlar, ilaç endüstrisi ile ilgili çekinceler, aşıların yan etkileri ile ilgili endişeler olarak sıralanabilir. Bu derlemenin amacı, mevcut literatür ışığında aşı reddinin etiyolojisini incelemektir.

Keywords

• Çocuk
• etiyoloji
• aşı tereddütü
• aşı reddi

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