Yeme Sorunu Tanısı Alan Çocukların Ailelerinin Damgalanmışlık (Stigma) Algısı

Abstract

 Amaç: Bebeklik ve erken çocukluk döneminde yeme sorunu olan çocukların ailelerinin damgalanmışlık algısı (stigma) hissedip hissetmedikleri alanyazında bilinmemektedir. 

Araştırmada bebeklik ve erken çocukluk döneminde yeme sorunu tanısı alan çocukların ailelerinin kendilerini ne oranda damgalanmış hissettiğinin ve ailelerin damgalanma algılarının risk etmenleri ve sosyodemografik özellikler ilişkisinin belirlenmesi incelenmiştir. 

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Kesitsel ve gözlemsel bir desenle yapılan araştırmada yeme sorunu tanısı alan 0-42 aylık çocukların ailelerinin damgalanma algısı Genişletilmiş Gelişimi İzleme Destekleme Rehberi (G-GİDR) ile değerlendirilmiştir. İlişkili etmenlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla Student- t testi, Pearson Ki-Kare ya da Fisher-exact testi kullanılmış, anlamlı ilişki saptanan etmenlerin damgalanma algısına olan etkilerini araştırmak için çoklu lojistik regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. 

Bulgular: Örneklemi oluşturan 67 çocuğun ailelerinin 22’si (%33) G-GİDR’de damgalanma algısı bildirmişlerdir. Ailenin damgalanma algısı ile çocuğun kız olması (OR:3.3, %95 GA:1.1-10, p=0.029), ailenin annede yılgınlık-bitkinlik-depresyon bildirmesi (OR:3.2, %95GA:1-10, p=0.041), baba eğitim düzeyinin lisenin altında olması (OR:5.2, %95 GA:1.1-23.5, p=0.05) arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur. Çoklu lojistik regresyon analizinde ailelerin damgalanma algısının babanın eğitim düzeyi lise ve altında (OR:7.6, %95 GA:1.4-4) ve çocuğun kız olması (OR:4.4, %95 GA:1.2-15.4) ile ilişkisi bulunmuştur. 

Sonuç: Araştırma, yeme sorunu tanısı alan çocukların ailelerinin üçte birinin damgalanma algısı bildirdiğini göstermektedir. Araştırmamızın yeme sorunu tanısı alan çocukların değerlendirmelerinde ailenin damgalanma algısının sorgulanması ve tedavide bu algı konusunda aileler ile çalışılması konusundaki yaklaşımlara ışık tutması umulmaktadır. 

Keywords

• Damgalanma

Perceived Stigmatization of Families of Children with Feeding Disorders

Abstract

 Objective: Feelings of perceived stigmatization of families of children with feeding disorders in infancy and early childhood is not known according to the existing literature. The objective of this study was to determine the perceived stigmatization of families and which risk factors and sociodemografic characteristics are related to perceived stigmatization. 

Material and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the families of children diagnosed with feeding disorders aged 0-42 months were evaluated for perceived stigmatization with the Expanded Guide for Monitoring Child Development (Exp-GMCD). The Student t, Pearson Chi-square and Fisher-exact tests were used to determine the related factors and logistic regression anaysis was used to find out the effects of related factors on perceived stigmatization 

Results: Of the 67 caregivers of children with feeding disorders used as the sample, 22 families (33%) expressed perceived stigmatization on the Exp-GMCD. Female gender of the child (OR:3.3, 95% CI:1.1-10, p= 0,029), mother’s feelings of depression (OR:3.2, 95% CI:1-10, p=0.041) and paternal education under high school (OR:5.2, 95% CI:1.1- 23.5, p=0.05) were found to be statistically significantly related to perceived stigmatization of the families. In multiple logistic regression analysis, paternal education (OR:7.6, 95% CI:1.4-4) and female gender of the child (OR:4.4, 95% CI:1.2-15.4) were found to be related to perceived stigmatization of the families. 

Conclusion: This study shows that one third of the families of children with feeding disorders express perceived stigmatization. We believe this study will stimulate asking the families about perceived stigmatization while evaluating feeding disorders and the provide guidance for the treatment approach when working with families for perceived stigmatization. 

Keywords

• Stigma

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