Febril Konvülziyonlu 1385 Vakanın Klinik Özellikleri ve Risk Faktörleri

Abstract

Giriş-Amaç: Febril konvülziyon (FK) 3 ay ve 5 yaş arasında görülen ve çocukları % 2-5 oranında etkileyen çocukluk çağının en sık görülen nöbet şeklidir. Çalışmamızın amacı febril konvülziyonla izlenen hastaların klinik özelliklerini araştırmak ve risk faktörlerini belirlemektir.Olgular ve Metod: Pediatrik Nöroloji Departmanında izlenen 1385 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Hastalarla ilgili veriler tıbbi kayıtlardan sağlanmıştır.Bulgular: Hastaların ortalama yaşı 22.2±1.24 aydı. % 59.3 ile erkekler çoğunluktaydı. 1245 (% 89.8) hastada basit FK ve 140 (% 10.2) hastada komplike FK mevcuttu. Hastaların nöbet esnasında rektal olarak ölçülen ortalama vücut sıcaklıkları 39.2±0.6ºC’di. Dört yüz yirmi sekiz (% 30.9) hastada enfeksiyöz hastalık tanımlandı. En sık tanımlanan enfeksiyon viral üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonuydu. Hastaların 568’inde (% 41.1) febril nöbet ve 26’sında (% 1.87) afebril konvülziyon tekrarladı. Yedi yüz doksan altı (% 57.4) hastanın ailesinde FK öyküsü mevcuttu. Komplikefebril konvülziyonu olan 4 hastanın EEG’sinde anormal bulgular saptandı. Basit veya komplike FK’u olan vakalara fenobarbital veya rektal diazepam profilaktik antiepileptik tedavi olarak başlandı.Sonuç: Nöbetlerin başlangıç yaşı ve ailede febril konvülziyon öyküsü nöbetlerin tekrarı açısından en güçlü risk faktörleri olarak bulundu. Ailelerin risk faktörleri ve prognozla ilgili olarak bilgilendirilmesinin anksiyete düzeylerinin azaltılması ve gereksiz profilaktik tedavilerin önlenmesi bakımından önemli olduğu düşünüldü.

Keywords

• Febril, konvülziyon, risk faktörleri

THE CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS OF 1385 CASES WITH FEBRILE CONVULSION

Abstract

Introduction-Aim: Febrile convulsions (FC) are the most common form of childhood seizures affecting 2-5% of all children and usually appearing between 3 months and 5 years of age. The aim of our study was to investigate the clinical characteristics and risk factors of the patients with FC.Method: A total of 1385 patients followed-up for FC in Pediatric Neurology Department were included in the study. Data regarding the patients was obtained from the medical records. Results: The mean age of the patients was 22.2±1.24 months. A male preponderance (59.3%) was found. Among 1385 patients with FC, 1245 had simple and 140 had complex FC. The mean temperature of the patients measured rectally during the seizure was 39.2±0.6 ºC. The infectious disease was identified in 428 (30.9%) cases. The most commonly diagnosed infection ( 216 patients ) was viral upper respiratory tract infection. The recurrence of FC occured in 568 (41.1%) and afebrile convulsion developed in 26 (1.87%) patients. There was a family history of FC in 796 patients. Four patients with complex FC had abnormal findings on EEG. The prophylactic antiepileptic medication of phenobarbital or rectal diazepam was initiated in children with simple or complex FC. Conclusion: Age onset and family history of FC were found as the strongest risk factors for the recurrence of FC. To inform the families about the risk factors and prognosis of the disease is very important to reduce the anxiety level and prevent unnecessary prophylactic treatments

Keywords

• Febrile, convulsions, risk factors

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