Application of Screening Tests in Diagnosis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as the glucose intolerance started or diagnosed first at pregnancy. GDM screening tests are applied as single or two-step tests. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the numbers and positiveness ratios of single or two-step screening tests.

Materials and Methods: The number of GDM screening test pregnant women applied to Ankara Numune training and Research Hospital Biochemistry Clinic between years 2010-2014 were evaluated from Hospital Laboratory Information System retrospectively, and applied numbers of one and two step screening tests and positiveness ratios were evalauted fort his 5 year period.

Results: 281 (18,5%) of the total 1514 tests were positive. 270 (96,1%) of this positive results were obtained by one-step test and 11 (3,9%) of them were obtained by two-step test. In year 2011, all screening tests were carried out by one-step approach. In years 2012-2014, single step approach was appplied in increasing ratios. GDM detection rate of sinle-step test was found to be higher than two-step test.

Conclusion: Single step approach can be the test of choice for GDM screening as it has a higher detection rate and more comfortable fort he patient.

Keywords

• Gestational Diabetes Mellitus,Oral Glucose Tolerance Test

Gestasyonel Diyabetes Mellitus Tanısında Tarama Testlerinin Uygulanma Oranı

Abstract

Amaç: Gestasyonel Diyabetes Mellitus (GDM), ilk defa gebelikte başlayan veya teşhis edilen glukoz intoleransıdır.. GDM tarama testleri tek veya iki aşamalı uygulanabilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, , tek ve iki aşamalı tarama test sayılarının ve pozitiflik oranlarını karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmektir.

Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmada 2010-2014 yılları arasında Ankara Numune Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Tıbbi Biyokimya Kliniği’ne GDM tarama testi için başvuran gebelere yapılan Oral Glukoz Tolerans Testi (OGTT) sayıları HBYS üzerinden taranmış,  İki aşamalı tarama testi (50g ve 100g) ile tek aşamalı (75g) tarama protokollerinin yıllara göre değişen sayıları ve pozitiflik oranları 5 yıllık süreçte retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir.

Bulgular: Yapılan toplam 1514 testin 281’i (%18,5) pozitiftir. Pozitif sonuçların 270’i (%96,1) tek aşamalı, 11’i (%3,9) iki aşamalı test ile elde edilmiştir.  2011 yılında tüm tarama testleri tek aşamalı olarak yapılmıştır. 2012-2014 yıllarında tek aşamalı test giderek artan oranlarla uygulanmıştır. Tek aşamalı testin GDM tespit oranları iki aşamalı teste göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Gebelerde GDM’yi yüksek oranda saptaması ve hasta açısından daha rahat olması nedeniyle tek aşamalı tarama testi tercih edilmelidir.

Keywords

• Gestasyonel Diyabetes Mellitus,Oral Glukoz Tolerans Testi

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