TIBBİ MİKROBİYOLOJİ LABORATUVARI AÇISINDAN SARS-CoV-2

Abstract

Coronaviridae ailesinde yer alan Koronaviruslar (CoV), vahşi ve evcil hayvanlarda farklı şiddette gastrointestinal, respiratuvar ve sistemik hastalıklara neden olurken, insanlarda bağışıklık durumuna göre soğuk algınlığından pnömoniye kadar farklı klinik tablolara yol açabilir. Günümüze dek insanlarda enfeksiyon etkeni olarak yedi koronavirus türü tanımlanmıştır; bunlardan HCoV 229E, HCoV NL63, HCoV HKU1 ve HCoV OC43, tipik olarak immünokompetan bireylerde soğuk algınlığı semptomlarına neden olurken, SARS-CoV (Ciddi Akut Solunum Sendromu Koronavirus), MERS-CoV (Orta Doğu Solunum Sendromu Koronavirus) zoonotiktir ve ciddi solunum yolu hastalıklarına ve ölümlere neden olur. Çin’in Hubei Eyaleti, Wuhan kentinde Aralık 2019’da başlayan ve kısa sürede pandemi olarak tanımlanan COVID -19’un etkeni SARS-CoV-2 insanlarda enfeksiyon etkeni olarak tanımlanan yedinci koronavirustur. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü(DSÖ)’nün SARS-CoV-2 kaynaklı COVID-19’u pandemi olarak tanımlaması ve dünya üzerinde her geçen gün vaka ve ölüm sayılarının artmasından dolayı, aşı çalışmaları için virusun yapısı ve salgını kontrol etmede en önemli basamak olan viral tanı yöntemlerinin kullanılması daha da önem kazanmıştır.

Keywords

• Koronavirus
• SARS-CoV-2
• Teşhis

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