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Viral Alt Solunum Yolu Enfeksiyonu Nedeniyle Yatırılan Yenidoğanların Epidemiyolojik ve Klinik Özellikleri

Year 2018, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 31 - 35, 01.04.2018

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmada, yenidoğan yoğun bakım ünitesine alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu nedeniyle yatırılan ve viral etken tespit edilen yenidoğanların epidemiyolojik ve klinik özelliklerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: 1 Ocak 2014-31 Aralık 2015 arasında alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu nedeniyle yatırılan yenidoğanların özellikleri ve nazofarenjiyal aspirat örneklerinde PCR yöntemiyle saptanan viral etkenler araştırıldı. Konjenital kalp hastalığı, konjenital solunum yolları anomalisi, immün yetmezliği olan hastalar ile nozokomiyal kaynaklı viral enfeksiyonlar çalışmaya dahil edilmedi.Bulgular: Çalışma döneminde yatan toplam 1768 hastanın 81’i (%4.6) akut alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu tanısı aldı, 56’sında (%69.1) viral etken izole edildi. En sık izole edilen etken respiratuvar sinsityal virüs (RSV)’di (%80.4, n=45), dört hastada (%7.1) RSV ile birlikte ikinci virüs izole edildi, 7 hastada (%12.5) RSV dışı virüs saptandı. Yatışlar en sık Şubat ve Ocak aylarında idi. Viral etken olarak RSV saptanan hasta grubunun hastaneye yatış gün ortancası (21 gün), RSV dışı virüs saptanan hasta grubuna (41 gün) göre anlamlı düşüktü (p=0.011). RSV ve RSV dışı virüslerin etken olduğu hasta gruplarında, hastaneye başvuru bulguları, başvurudaki laboratuvar bulguları, uygulanan solunum desteği açısından fark saptanmadı. Hastanede yatış süresi ortalaması tüm hasta grubunda 7.1±3.6 gün olup, RSV ve RSV koenfeksiyon grubunda, RSV dışı virüs saptanan gruba göre anlamlı olarak uzun idi (7.3±3.8 ve 4.8±3.1 gün, p=0.03). Kaybedilen hasta olmadı.Sonuç: Yoğun bakım ünitesine alt solunum yolu enfeksiyonu nedeniyle yatırılan yenidoğanlarda en sık izole edilen etken RSV’dir. RSV enfeksiyonuna bağlı hastane yatışları en sık Ocak-Şubat aylarında olup, daha erken postnatal günlerde gerçekleşmektedir. Yatış gerektiren yenidoğanlarda epidemiyolojik ve klinik faktörlerin bilinmesi engelleyici yaklaşımların geliştirilmesine olanak sağlayacaktır.

References

  • William BG, Gouws E, Boschi-Pinto C, Bryce J, Dye C. Estimates of world-wide distrubution of child deaths from acute respiratory infections. Lancet Infect Dis 2012;2:25-32.
  • Nair H, Nokes DJ, Gessner BD, Dherani M, Madhi SA, Singleton RJ, et al. Global burden of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2010;375:1545-55.
  • Cilla G, Onate E, Perez-Yarza EG, Montes M, Vicente D, Perez- Trallero E. Viruses in community-acquired pneumonia in children aged less than 3 years old: High rate of viral coinfection. J Med Virol 2008;80:1843-9.
  • Regamey N, Kaiser L, Roiha HL, Deffernez C, Kuehni CE, Latzin P, et al; Swiss Paediatric Respiratory Research Group. Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections with cough in infancy; A community- based birth cohort study. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2008;27:100-5.

The Epidemiological and Clinical Features of Neonates Hospitalized with Lower Respiratory Tract Viral Infections

Year 2018, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 31 - 35, 01.04.2018

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to define the clinical and epidemiological features of neonates hospitalized in the neonatal care unit with virus-related to lower respiratory tract infections in this study.Material and Methods: The neonates who were hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infection between January 2014 and December 2015 were evaluated for clinical features and the viruses were identified on multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using nasal swab samples. Neonates with congenital heart disease, malformation of the respiratory tract, immune deficiency and nosocomial virus infection were excluded. Results: Eighty-one (4.6%) of 1768 neonates were admitted to NICU with lower respiratory tract infection during the study period. In 56 of 81 patients, a virus was identified from the nasal swab sample. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) was the most common etiology (80.4%, n=45), four patients had RSV co-infection (7.1%), and seven patients had a virus other than RSV (12.5%). Infants were hospitalized most frequently in January and February. The median postnatal age at admission of RSV-positive neonates was significantly lower than the neonates with causes other than RSV (21 vs. 41 days, p=0.011). The signs at admission, laboratory analyses and the respiratory support of RSV-positive neonates and neonates with causes other than RSV were similar. The mean hospitalization duration of all patients was 7.1±3.6 days. This was longer in RSV-positive neonates than neonates with causes other than RSV (7.3±3.8 and 4.8±3.1 days, p=0.03). All infants were discharged from the hospital. Conclusion: RSV was the most common viral etiology in neonates without underlying diseases who were hospitalized with a lower respiratory tract infection at the intensive care unit. We found that RSV-related lower respiratory tract infection more frequently caused hospitalization in January and February and at a lower postnatal age. It is important to know the epidemiological and clinical factors that lead to hospitalization of neonates in order to develop preventive approaches

References

  • William BG, Gouws E, Boschi-Pinto C, Bryce J, Dye C. Estimates of world-wide distrubution of child deaths from acute respiratory infections. Lancet Infect Dis 2012;2:25-32.
  • Nair H, Nokes DJ, Gessner BD, Dherani M, Madhi SA, Singleton RJ, et al. Global burden of acute lower respiratory infections due to respiratory syncytial virus in young children: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet 2010;375:1545-55.
  • Cilla G, Onate E, Perez-Yarza EG, Montes M, Vicente D, Perez- Trallero E. Viruses in community-acquired pneumonia in children aged less than 3 years old: High rate of viral coinfection. J Med Virol 2008;80:1843-9.
  • Regamey N, Kaiser L, Roiha HL, Deffernez C, Kuehni CE, Latzin P, et al; Swiss Paediatric Respiratory Research Group. Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections with cough in infancy; A community- based birth cohort study. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2008;27:100-5.
There are 4 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA63EP22RA
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Emel Okulu This is me

Hasan Akduman This is me

Gaffari Tunç This is me

Ergin Çiftçi This is me

Erdal İnce This is me

Ömer Erdeve This is me

Saadet Arsan This is me

Begüm Atasay This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2018
Submission Date April 1, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Okulu E, Akduman H, Tunç G, Çiftçi E, İnce E, Erdeve Ö, Arsan S, Atasay B. The Epidemiological and Clinical Features of Neonates Hospitalized with Lower Respiratory Tract Viral Infections. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2018;12(1):31-5.


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