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Ailevi Hiperkolesterolemili Hastaların Mutasyon Analiz Sonuçlarının Simone-Broome Kriterleriyle Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2015, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 176 - 183, 01.08.2015

Abstract

Amaç: Ailevi hiperkolesterolemi (AH), Düşük dansiteli lipoprotein reseptör (LDLR) genindeki defektler sonucu bozulmuş kolesterol yıkımı ve hiperkolesterolemi ile karakterize otozomal dominant bir hastalıktır. Kesin tanısı mutasyon analizi ile konulur. Ancak rutin uygulamada mutasyon analizinin pratik olmaması nedeniyle bazı tanısal kriterler geliştirilmiştir. Bunlardan birisi de Simone-Broome tanısal kriterleridir. Çalışmada, AH’li hastaların mutasyon analiz sonuçlarının Simone-Broome kriterleriyle değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Metabolizma ve Beslenme Ünitesinde izlenen primer hiperlipidemili hastalarının dosyaları değerlendirildikten sonra tüm hastalar Fredrickson sınıflandırma sistemine göre sınıflandırıldı. Buna göre hiperlipoproteinemi tip IIa grubuna giren hastalar AH tanısı açısından Simone-Broome kriterleriyle değerlendirildi. Tip IIa hasta grubunda mutasyonların en sık görüldüğü 2 ekzonda (9 ve 12) denatüre edici yüksek performanslı likit kromotografisi (DHPLC) ve DNA dizi analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak mutasyon analizi yapıldı. Yeni ve eski çalışmalara ait mutasyon analiz sonuçları tanı uyumluluğu açısından Simone-Broome kriterleri sonuçlarıyla karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Değerlendirmeye alınan 163 primer hiperlipidemi hastasından 118’i Fredrickson sınıflamasına göre tip IIa grubunda idi. Simone Broome kriterlerine göre bu hastaların %48’inin muhtemel AH, %26’sının kesin AH grubunda olduğu, %17’sinin AH kriterlerini karşılamadığı ve %9’unda bilgi yetersizliği nedeniyle sınıflandırma yapılamadığı görüldü. Çalışma kapsamında taranan Ekzon 9 ait PCR ürünleri DHPLC cihazında yürütüldükten sonra farklı elüsyon grafiği elde edilen hastalara DNA dizi analizi yapıldı. Mutasyon analizi sonucuna göre 2 hastada heterozigot I420N (C.1322 T>A) mutasyonu, 2 hastada heterozigot ve homozigot W556R (C.1729 T>C) mutasyonu saptandı. Kliniğimizde daha önceki çalışmalarda mutasyon taranan 29 hasta ile birlikte değerlendirildiğinde; “kesin AH” grubunda mutasyon analizi yapılan 10 hastanın 10’unda (%100), “muhtemel AH” grubunda analiz yapılan 16 hastanın 12’sinde (%75), “AH yok” grubundaki 3 hastanın 1’inde (%33) mutasyon saptandığı görüldü.Sonuç: Simone-Broome kriterleri rutin mutasyon taramasının mümkün olmadığı veya selektif tarama yapılacak şartlarda olguların tespitinde kullanılabilecek uygun bir yöntemdir. Ancak AH tanısını kesin ekarte etmeyeceği akılda tutulmalıdır.

References

  • Beaumont JL, Carlson LA, Cooper GR, Fejfar Z, Fredrickson DS, Strasser T. Classification of hyperlipidaemias and hyperlipoprotei- naemias. Bull World Health Organ 1970;43:891-915.
  • Risk of fatal coronary heart disease in familial hypercholesterolaemia. Scientific Steering Committee on behalf of the Simon Broome Register Group. BMJ 1991; 303: 893-6.
  • Fredriks AM, van Buuren S, Wit JM, Verloove-Vanhorick SP. Body index measurements in 1996-7 compared with 1980. Arch Dis Child 2000;82:107-2.
  • Cole TJ, Freeman JV, Preece MA. Body mass index reference curves for the UK, 1990. Arch Dis Child 1995;73:25-9.
  • American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Nutrition. Cholesterol in childhood. Pediatrics 1998;101:141-7.
  • Kavey RE, Daniels SR, Lauer RM, Atkins DL, Hayman LL, Taubert K. American Heart Association guidelines for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease beginning in childhood. Circulation 2003;107:1562-6.
  • Baumer JH, Shield JP. Hypercholesterolaemia in children guidelines review. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 2009;94:84-6.
  • Alwaili K, Alrasadi K, Awan Z, Genest J. Approach to the diagnosis and management of lipoprotein disorders. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2009;16:132-40.
  • Ball MJ, Griffiths D, Thorogood M. Asymptomatic hypothyroidism and hypercholesterolaemia. J R Soc Med 1991;84:527-9.
  • Arem R, Patsch W. Lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels in subclinical hypothyroidism. Effect of levothyroxine therapy. Arch Intern Med 1990;150:2097-100.
  • Kwiterovich PO. Primary and secondary disorders of lipid metabolism in pediatrics. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2008;5:727-38.

Hypercholesterolemia Patients by Simone-Broome Criteria The Evaluation of Mutation Analysis Results of Familial

Year 2015, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 176 - 183, 01.08.2015

Abstract

Objective: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disease characterised by defective cholesterol removal from the circulation and hypercholesterolemia caused by mutations in the low density lipoprotein receptor gene (LDLR). Although the definitive diagnosis is made by mutation analysis, some diagnostic criteria have been described due to the impracticality of routine mutation analysis. This study aims to compare the mutation status of familial hypercholesterolemia patients and their diagnosis according to the Simone-Broome criteria (SBC).Material and Methods: All patients with primary hyperlipidemia followed at the Metabolism and Nutrition Unit of Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine were classified according to the Fredrickson classification system. Patients with type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia were assessed by SBC for the diagnosis of FH. Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and DNA sequencing were performed on the most frequently mutated exons (9 and 12). Mutation analyses of this and previous cohorts were compared with SBC in terms of diagnostic compatibility.Results: 118 of 163 patients with primary hyperlipidemia were type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia according to Fredrickson classification. According to the SBC, 48% of these patients were in the “probable FH”, 26% in the “definite FH”, and 17% in the “no FH” group, and 9% could not be classified due to lacking data. A heterozygous I420N (C.1322T>A) mutation on exon 9 was detected in 2 patients and a W556R (C.1729T>C) mutation on exon 12 was detected as heterozygous in one
and homozygous in one patient. Evaluation of mutation analysis results of patients with a mutation analysis including the 29 patients
who were previously analysed revealed, a mutation in 10 out of 10 patients (100%) in the definite FH, 12 out of 16 (75%) patients in the
probable FH and in 1 out of 3 (33%) patients in the no FH group.
Conclusion: The use of Simone-Broome criteria is a practical and reliable method in the diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia as routine
mutation screening is not a feasible choice and is usually performed in selected cases

References

  • Beaumont JL, Carlson LA, Cooper GR, Fejfar Z, Fredrickson DS, Strasser T. Classification of hyperlipidaemias and hyperlipoprotei- naemias. Bull World Health Organ 1970;43:891-915.
  • Risk of fatal coronary heart disease in familial hypercholesterolaemia. Scientific Steering Committee on behalf of the Simon Broome Register Group. BMJ 1991; 303: 893-6.
  • Fredriks AM, van Buuren S, Wit JM, Verloove-Vanhorick SP. Body index measurements in 1996-7 compared with 1980. Arch Dis Child 2000;82:107-2.
  • Cole TJ, Freeman JV, Preece MA. Body mass index reference curves for the UK, 1990. Arch Dis Child 1995;73:25-9.
  • American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Nutrition. Cholesterol in childhood. Pediatrics 1998;101:141-7.
  • Kavey RE, Daniels SR, Lauer RM, Atkins DL, Hayman LL, Taubert K. American Heart Association guidelines for primary prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease beginning in childhood. Circulation 2003;107:1562-6.
  • Baumer JH, Shield JP. Hypercholesterolaemia in children guidelines review. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed 2009;94:84-6.
  • Alwaili K, Alrasadi K, Awan Z, Genest J. Approach to the diagnosis and management of lipoprotein disorders. Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2009;16:132-40.
  • Ball MJ, Griffiths D, Thorogood M. Asymptomatic hypothyroidism and hypercholesterolaemia. J R Soc Med 1991;84:527-9.
  • Arem R, Patsch W. Lipoprotein and apolipoprotein levels in subclinical hypothyroidism. Effect of levothyroxine therapy. Arch Intern Med 1990;150:2097-100.
  • Kwiterovich PO. Primary and secondary disorders of lipid metabolism in pediatrics. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev 2008;5:727-38.
There are 11 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA87SY82FP
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hayrettin Hakan Aykan This is me

Rıza Köksal Özgül This is me

Ayşegül Güzel This is me

Turgay Coşkun This is me

Ali Dursun This is me

Publication Date August 1, 2015
Submission Date August 1, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Aykan HH, Özgül RK, Güzel A, Coşkun T, Dursun A. Hypercholesterolemia Patients by Simone-Broome Criteria The Evaluation of Mutation Analysis Results of Familial. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2015;9(3):176-83.


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