Amaç: Ailevi hiperkolesterolemi (AH), Düşük dansiteli lipoprotein reseptör (LDLR) genindeki defektler sonucu bozulmuş kolesterol yıkımı ve hiperkolesterolemi ile karakterize otozomal dominant bir hastalıktır. Kesin tanısı mutasyon analizi ile konulur. Ancak rutin uygulamada mutasyon analizinin pratik olmaması nedeniyle bazı tanısal kriterler geliştirilmiştir. Bunlardan birisi de Simone-Broome tanısal kriterleridir. Çalışmada, AH’li hastaların mutasyon analiz sonuçlarının Simone-Broome kriterleriyle değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Metabolizma ve Beslenme Ünitesinde izlenen primer hiperlipidemili hastalarının dosyaları değerlendirildikten sonra tüm hastalar Fredrickson sınıflandırma sistemine göre sınıflandırıldı. Buna göre hiperlipoproteinemi tip IIa grubuna giren hastalar AH tanısı açısından Simone-Broome kriterleriyle değerlendirildi. Tip IIa hasta grubunda mutasyonların en sık görüldüğü 2 ekzonda (9 ve 12) denatüre edici yüksek performanslı likit kromotografisi (DHPLC) ve DNA dizi analiz yöntemleri kullanılarak mutasyon analizi yapıldı. Yeni ve eski çalışmalara ait mutasyon analiz sonuçları tanı uyumluluğu açısından Simone-Broome kriterleri sonuçlarıyla karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Değerlendirmeye alınan 163 primer hiperlipidemi hastasından 118’i Fredrickson sınıflamasına göre tip IIa grubunda idi. Simone Broome kriterlerine göre bu hastaların %48’inin muhtemel AH, %26’sının kesin AH grubunda olduğu, %17’sinin AH kriterlerini karşılamadığı ve %9’unda bilgi yetersizliği nedeniyle sınıflandırma yapılamadığı görüldü. Çalışma kapsamında taranan Ekzon 9 ait PCR ürünleri DHPLC cihazında yürütüldükten sonra farklı elüsyon grafiği elde edilen hastalara DNA dizi analizi yapıldı. Mutasyon analizi sonucuna göre 2 hastada heterozigot I420N (C.1322 T>A) mutasyonu, 2 hastada heterozigot ve homozigot W556R (C.1729 T>C) mutasyonu saptandı. Kliniğimizde daha önceki çalışmalarda mutasyon taranan 29 hasta ile birlikte değerlendirildiğinde; “kesin AH” grubunda mutasyon analizi yapılan 10 hastanın 10’unda (%100), “muhtemel AH” grubunda analiz yapılan 16 hastanın 12’sinde (%75), “AH yok” grubundaki 3 hastanın 1’inde (%33) mutasyon saptandığı görüldü.Sonuç: Simone-Broome kriterleri rutin mutasyon taramasının mümkün olmadığı veya selektif tarama yapılacak şartlarda olguların tespitinde kullanılabilecek uygun bir yöntemdir. Ancak AH tanısını kesin ekarte etmeyeceği akılda tutulmalıdır.
Çocuk Fredrickson sınıflama sistemi Genetik tarama Hiperlipoproteinem Tip IIa LDL reseptör Simone-Broome kriterleri
Objective: Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disease characterised by defective cholesterol removal from the circulation and hypercholesterolemia caused by mutations in the low density lipoprotein receptor gene (LDLR). Although the definitive diagnosis is made by mutation analysis, some diagnostic criteria have been described due to the impracticality of routine mutation analysis. This study aims to compare the mutation status of familial hypercholesterolemia patients and their diagnosis according to the Simone-Broome criteria (SBC).Material and Methods: All patients with primary hyperlipidemia followed at the Metabolism and Nutrition Unit of Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine were classified according to the Fredrickson classification system. Patients with type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia were assessed by SBC for the diagnosis of FH. Denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and DNA sequencing were performed on the most frequently mutated exons (9 and 12). Mutation analyses of this and previous cohorts were compared with SBC in terms of diagnostic compatibility.Results: 118 of 163 patients with primary hyperlipidemia were type IIa hyperlipoproteinemia according to Fredrickson classification. According to the SBC, 48% of these patients were in the “probable FH”, 26% in the “definite FH”, and 17% in the “no FH” group, and 9% could not be classified due to lacking data. A heterozygous I420N (C.1322T>A) mutation on exon 9 was detected in 2 patients and a W556R (C.1729T>C) mutation on exon 12 was detected as heterozygous in one
and homozygous in one patient. Evaluation of mutation analysis results of patients with a mutation analysis including the 29 patients
who were previously analysed revealed, a mutation in 10 out of 10 patients (100%) in the definite FH, 12 out of 16 (75%) patients in the
probable FH and in 1 out of 3 (33%) patients in the no FH group.
Conclusion: The use of Simone-Broome criteria is a practical and reliable method in the diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolemia as routine
mutation screening is not a feasible choice and is usually performed in selected cases
Child Fredricson classification system Genetic Screening Hyperlipoproteinemia Type IIa LDL Receptor Simone-Broome criteria
Other ID | JA87SY82FP |
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Journal Section | Research Article |
Authors | |
Publication Date | August 1, 2015 |
Submission Date | August 1, 2015 |
Published in Issue | Year 2015 Volume: 9 Issue: 3 |
The publication language of Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease is English.
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