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The Value of Pediatric Appendicitis Score and Laboratory Findings on the Diagnosis of Pediatric Appendicitis

Year 2015, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 79 - 84, 01.06.2015

Abstract

Objective: Pediatric appendicitis score (PAS) is a scoring system which is improved to simplify the diagnosis of appendicitis in children. In this article it is aimed to investigate the efficiency of PAS and additional laboratory data in diagnosing appendicitis.Material and Methods: Between 1st January 2010 and 31st December 2010, patients admitted to our department that are followed up and treated with an initial diagnosis of acute abdomen were reviewed retrospectively. Patients which were operated and histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis appendicitis is defined as 1st group, and the patients with negative exploration and the ones that are non-operated are defined as 2nd group. Groups are compared in terms of demographic data, hospitalization time, PAS and laboratory data. Results: A total of 562 patients (321 male, 241 female) with an initial diagnosis of acute abdomen are admitted to our department in the one-year period. There were 350 patients (224 acute, 126 complicated appendicitis) in the 1st group, and 212 patients (31 negative exploration, 181 follow-up) in the 2nd group. While the preoperative hospitalization time between the acute and complicated cases did not have significant difference (p>0.05), complicated cases had a long postoperative hospitalization time (p<0.001). PAS had significant difference between the acute, complicated and negative explorations (p<0.001). PAS was increased proportional to the severity of the appendicitis (p<0.001). White blood cell count, neutrophile count, neutrophile percentage, neutrophile/lymphocyte (N/L) ratio, and C-reactive protein (CRP) rates were significantly higher in the appendicitis group (p<0.001). Fever (in the 1st group 29.1%) and the migration of pain to right-lower quadrant (in the 1st group 6.2%) that are the PAS components had at least contribution to the scoring. Instead, the usage of N/L (81% higher in the 1st group) and CRP (76% higher in the 1st group) values increases the sensitivity of the score from 88.6% to 91.1% in diagnosing appendicitis. conclusion: Addition of the N/L ratio and CRP values may increase the diagnostic ability of the PAS which is composed of clinical and laboratory indications

References

  • Shera AH, Nizami FA, Malik AA, Naikoo ZA, Wani MA. Clinical scoring system for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children. Indian J Pediatr 2011;78:287-90.
  • Goldman RD, Carter S, Stephens D, Antoon R, Mounstephen W, Langer JC. Prospective validation of the pediatric appendicitis score. J Pediatr 2008;153:278-82.
  • Kıyak G, Korukluoğlu B, Özgün Y, Devay AÖ, Kuşdemir A. Apandisit tanısında Ohmann ve Eskelinen skorları ile lökosit sayısı ve ultrasonografi bulgularının değerlendirilmesi. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2009;15:77-81.
  • Yang HR, Wang YC, Chung PK, Chen WK, Jeng LB, Chen RJ. Laboratory tests in patients with acute appendicitis. ANZ J Surg 2006;76:71-4.
  • Samuel M. Pediatric appendicitis score. J Pediatr Surg 2002;37:877-81.
  • Ohmann C, Franke C, Yang Q. Clinical benefit of a diagnostic score for appendicitis: Results of a prospective interventional study. German study group of acute abdominal pain. Arch Surg 1999;134:993-6.
  • Çavuşoğlu YH, Erdoğan D, Karaman A, Aslan MK, Karaman İ, Tütün ÖÇ. Do not rush into operating and just observe actively if you are not sure about the diagnosis of appendicitis. Pediatr Surg Int 2009;25:277-82.
  • Yazıcı M, Özkısacık S, Öztan MO, Gürsoy H. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis of childhood appendicitis. Turk J Pediatr 2010;52:400-3.
  • van Randen A, Bipat S, Zwinderman AH, Ubbink DT, Stoker J, Boermeester MA. Acute appendicitis: Meta-analysis of diagnostic performance of CT and graded compression US related to prevalence of disease. Radiology 2008;249:97-106.
  • Lintula H, Pesonen E, Kokki H, Vanamo K, Eskelinen M. A diagnostic score for children with suspected appendicitis. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2005;390:164-70.
  • Kamran H, Naveed D, Nazir A, Hameed M, Ahmed M, Khan U. Role of total leukocyte count in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2008;20:70-1.
  • Thomson C, Underwood M, Dookeran K, Lloyd D, Bell P. Role of sequential Leukocyte count and CRP in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Br J Surg 1992;79:822-4.

Çocuk Apandisitlerinin Tanısında Pediatrik Apandisit Skoru ve Laboratuvar Bulgularının Değeri

Year 2015, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 79 - 84, 01.06.2015

Abstract

Amaç: Pediatrik apandisit skoru (PAS) çocuklarda akut apandisit tanısı koymayı kolaylaştırmak amacıyla geliştirilen bir skorlama sistemidir. Bu çalışmada, PAS ve ek laboratuvar verilerinin apandisit tanısı koymadaki etkinliklerinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: 1 Ocak 2010–31 Aralık 2010 tarihleri arasında kliniğimize akut batın ön tanısıyla yatırılarak takip ve tedavi edilen hastalar geriye dönük olarak değerlendirildi. Bu hastalardan opere edilip, patoloji sonucuyla apandisit tanısı doğrulananlar 1. grup, opere edilip negatif çıkan ve opere edilmeyen hastalar 2. grup olarak isimlendirildi. Gruplar demografik verileri, yatış süreleri, PAS ve laboratuvar bulguları açısından karşılaştırıldı.Bulgular: Bir yıllık süre içerisinde kliniğimize akut batın ön tanısıyla 562 hasta (321 erkek, 241 kız) yatırıldı. 1. grupta 350 hasta (224 akut, 126 komplike apandisit), 2. grupta 212 hasta (31 negatif apendektomi, 181 gözlem) vardı. Preoperatif yatış süreleri açısından akut ve komplike olgular arasında anlamlı fark yokken (p>0,05), postoperatif yatış süreleri komplike olgularda daha uzundu (p<0,001). PAS açısından akut, komplike ve negatif olan hastalar arasında anlamlı fark bulundu (p<0,001). PAS skorunun apandisit şiddeti ile orantılı olarak arttığı görüldü (p<0,001). Lökosit sayısı, nötrofil sayısı, nötrofil yüzdesi, nötrofil/lenfosit oranı (N/L) ve C-reaktif protein (CRP) değerlerinin apandisit olan grupta belirgin yüksek olduğu görüldü (p<0,001). PAS bileşenlerinden ateş (1.grupta % 29.1) ve ağrının sağ alt kadrana migrasyonunun (1. grupta %6.2) tanıya en az atkı sağladığı saptandı. Bunlar yerine N/L (1. grubun %81’inde yüksek) ve CRP (1. grubun %76’sında yüksek) değerlerinin kullanılmasıyla, skorun apandisit tanısı koydurmadaki duyarlılığının %88.6’dan, %91.1’e çıktığı bulundu.Sonuç: Klinik ve laboratuvar bulgularına dayanılarak hazırlanmış olan PAS’da, N/L oranı ve CRP değerlerinin de kullanılmasıyla, tanı koyduruculuğunun daha da artacağı düşüncesindeyiz.

References

  • Shera AH, Nizami FA, Malik AA, Naikoo ZA, Wani MA. Clinical scoring system for diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children. Indian J Pediatr 2011;78:287-90.
  • Goldman RD, Carter S, Stephens D, Antoon R, Mounstephen W, Langer JC. Prospective validation of the pediatric appendicitis score. J Pediatr 2008;153:278-82.
  • Kıyak G, Korukluoğlu B, Özgün Y, Devay AÖ, Kuşdemir A. Apandisit tanısında Ohmann ve Eskelinen skorları ile lökosit sayısı ve ultrasonografi bulgularının değerlendirilmesi. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2009;15:77-81.
  • Yang HR, Wang YC, Chung PK, Chen WK, Jeng LB, Chen RJ. Laboratory tests in patients with acute appendicitis. ANZ J Surg 2006;76:71-4.
  • Samuel M. Pediatric appendicitis score. J Pediatr Surg 2002;37:877-81.
  • Ohmann C, Franke C, Yang Q. Clinical benefit of a diagnostic score for appendicitis: Results of a prospective interventional study. German study group of acute abdominal pain. Arch Surg 1999;134:993-6.
  • Çavuşoğlu YH, Erdoğan D, Karaman A, Aslan MK, Karaman İ, Tütün ÖÇ. Do not rush into operating and just observe actively if you are not sure about the diagnosis of appendicitis. Pediatr Surg Int 2009;25:277-82.
  • Yazıcı M, Özkısacık S, Öztan MO, Gürsoy H. Neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis of childhood appendicitis. Turk J Pediatr 2010;52:400-3.
  • van Randen A, Bipat S, Zwinderman AH, Ubbink DT, Stoker J, Boermeester MA. Acute appendicitis: Meta-analysis of diagnostic performance of CT and graded compression US related to prevalence of disease. Radiology 2008;249:97-106.
  • Lintula H, Pesonen E, Kokki H, Vanamo K, Eskelinen M. A diagnostic score for children with suspected appendicitis. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2005;390:164-70.
  • Kamran H, Naveed D, Nazir A, Hameed M, Ahmed M, Khan U. Role of total leukocyte count in diagnosis of acute appendicitis. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2008;20:70-1.
  • Thomson C, Underwood M, Dookeran K, Lloyd D, Bell P. Role of sequential Leukocyte count and CRP in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Br J Surg 1992;79:822-4.
There are 12 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA36EG26AN
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Ahmet Ertürk This is me

İlker Sait Tuncer This is me

Özlem Balcı This is me

İbrahim Karaman This is me

Ayşe Karaman This is me

Çağatay Evrim Afşarlar This is me

Engin Yılmaz This is me

İsmet Faruk Özgüner This is me

Yusuf Hakan Çavuşoğlu This is me

Derya Erdoğan This is me

Publication Date June 1, 2015
Submission Date June 1, 2015
Published in Issue Year 2015 Volume: 9 Issue: 2

Cite

Vancouver Ertürk A, Tuncer İS, Balcı Ö, Karaman İ, Karaman A, Afşarlar ÇE, Yılmaz E, Özgüner İF, Çavuşoğlu YH, Erdoğan D. The Value of Pediatric Appendicitis Score and Laboratory Findings on the Diagnosis of Pediatric Appendicitis. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2015;9(2):79-84.


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