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Çocukluk Çağında Nedeni Bilinmeyen Ateş

Year 2009, Volume: 3 Issue: 4, 57 - 61, 01.04.2009

Abstract

Ateş, çocuk hekimlerine en sık başvuru nedenlerinden birisidir. Tıp alanındaki tüm gelişmelere rağmen halen %13–20 oranında nedeni bilinmeyen ateş (NBA), hekimleri en fazla uğraştıran ateş grubudur. Ateşin bir sağlık çalışanı tarafından saptanması koşuluyla, ayaktan izlenen hastalarda üç hafta, yatarak izlenen hastalarda bir haftalık değerlendirme sonrası odak bulunamaması, nedeni bilinmeyen ateş olarak tanımlanır. Tanının temeli, detaylı bir öykü ve fizik incelemeye dayanmaktadır. Yapılacak laboratuvar tetkikleri ise öykü ve fizik incelemeden elde edilecek sonuçlara göre planlanmalıdır.Nedeni bilinmeyen ateşli hastaya bir denklem çözer gibi yaklaşmak gerekir. Denklemin bilinmeyenleri olan öykü ve fizik incelemeden sağlanacak ipuçlarının yönlendirdiği, laboratuvar tetkiklerinden elde edilen verilerin doğru yorumlanması ile doğru tanıya ulaşmak olasıdır. Nedeni bilinmeyen ateşe neden olabilecek çok sayıda hastalık olması belli bir yaklaşım protokolü oluşturulmasını güçleştirdiğinden son yıllarda yapılmış NBA ile ilgili çalışmalar incelenerek çocuk hekimlerine yol gösterilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

References

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  • Brook I. Unexplained fever in young children: how to manage severe bacterial infection. BMJ 2003; 327: 1094 –1097.
  • Calello PD, Shah SS. The child with fever of unknown origin. Pediatr Case Rev 2002; 2: 226 – 239.
  • Toprak D, Bakır M. Ateş: Patogenez ve tedavi. Klinik Çocuk Fo- rumu 2006; 6; 1: 22 – 28.
  • Miller ML, Szer I, Yogev R, Bernstein B. Fever of unknown ori- gin. Pediatr Clin North Am 1995; 42: 999 – 1015.
  • Long SS. Distinguishing among prolonged, recurrent, and perio- dic fever syndromes: Approach of a pediatric infectious diseases subspecialist. Pediatr Clin North Am 2005; 52: 811 – 835. de Kleijn EM, Vandenbroucke JP, van der Meer JW. Fever of unk- nown origin (FUO). I A. prospective multicenter study of 167 patients with FUO, using fixed epidemiologic entry criteria. The Netherlands FUO Study Group. Medicine (Baltimore) 1997; 76: –400.
  • Tolia J, Smith LG. Fever of unknown origin: historical and physi- cal clues to making the diagnosis. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2007; 21: – 936.
  • Cunha BA. Fever of unknown origin: Focused diagnostic appro- ach based on clinical clues from the history, physical examination and laboratory tests. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2007; 21: 1137–1187. de Kleijn EM, van Lier HJ, van der Meer JW. Fever of unknown origin (FUO). II. Diagnostic procedures in a prospective multi- center study of 167 patients. The Netherlands FUO Study Group.
  • Medicine (Baltimore) 1997; 76: 401–414.
  • Cunha BA. Fever of unknown origin: clinical overview of classic and current concepts. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2007; 21: 867–915.
  • Erten N, Saka B, Öztürk G, Karan MA, Taşcıoğlu C, Dilmener M, Kaysı A. Fever unknown origin: a report of 57 cases. J Clin Pract ; 59: 958 – 960. Sİrensen HT, Mellemkjaer L, Skriver MV, Johnsen SP, Nİrgård B, Olsen JH, Baron JA. Fever of unknown origin and cancer: a population-based study. Lancet Oncol 2005; 6: 851–855.
  • Frenkel J, Kuis W. Overt and occult rheumatic diseases: the child with chronic fever. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2002; 16: 443 – 469.
  • Çogulu O, Koturoglu G, Kurugol Z, Ozkınay F, Vardar F, Ozkı- nay, Evaluation of 80 children with prolonged fever. Pediatr Int ; 45: 564 – 569. Çiftçi E, İnce E, Doğru Ü. Pyrexia of unknown origin in children: a review of 102 patients from Turkey. Ann Trop Paediatr 2003; : 259 – 263.
  • Pasic S, Minic A, Djuric P, Micic D, Kuzmanovic M, Sarjanovic L, Markovic M. Fever of unknown origin in 185 paediatric patients: A single-center experience. Acta Paediatr 2006; 95: 463- 466.
  • Tuncer D, Ogunc D, Colak D, Ongut G, Sayin F, Ergin C, Tun- cer B, Mutlu G. Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in urban and high risk areas of Turkey. Inf Circ—WHO Mediterr Zoon Control Cent 2000; 49: 8–9

FEVER OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN DURING CHILDHOOD

Year 2009, Volume: 3 Issue: 4, 57 - 61, 01.04.2009

Abstract

Fever is one of the most common complaints that is consulted to the pediatricians. Despite the progress in medicine, the cause in 13–20 percent of fever in childhood is still unknown and is referred to fever of unknown origin (FUO). By definition to be called as FUO, fever should be documented by a health care provider in which etiology could not have been identified within 3 weeks as an outpatient and one week as an inpatient.When dealing with a patient with FUO the doctor should be aware of the importance of a detailed history and physical examination. The laboratory investigations should be planned accordingly through detailed history and physical examination. As there are a lot of diseases leading to FUO, a diagnosis algorithm could not be made, however recent studies on the topic were reviewed to help pediatricians in this difficult situation

References

  • Keith RP. Fever without a focus. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF (eds) Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 18th Edition Philadelphia: Saunders-Elsevier, 2007;1087-1093.
  • Brook I. Unexplained fever in young children: how to manage severe bacterial infection. BMJ 2003; 327: 1094 –1097.
  • Calello PD, Shah SS. The child with fever of unknown origin. Pediatr Case Rev 2002; 2: 226 – 239.
  • Toprak D, Bakır M. Ateş: Patogenez ve tedavi. Klinik Çocuk Fo- rumu 2006; 6; 1: 22 – 28.
  • Miller ML, Szer I, Yogev R, Bernstein B. Fever of unknown ori- gin. Pediatr Clin North Am 1995; 42: 999 – 1015.
  • Long SS. Distinguishing among prolonged, recurrent, and perio- dic fever syndromes: Approach of a pediatric infectious diseases subspecialist. Pediatr Clin North Am 2005; 52: 811 – 835. de Kleijn EM, Vandenbroucke JP, van der Meer JW. Fever of unk- nown origin (FUO). I A. prospective multicenter study of 167 patients with FUO, using fixed epidemiologic entry criteria. The Netherlands FUO Study Group. Medicine (Baltimore) 1997; 76: –400.
  • Tolia J, Smith LG. Fever of unknown origin: historical and physi- cal clues to making the diagnosis. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2007; 21: – 936.
  • Cunha BA. Fever of unknown origin: Focused diagnostic appro- ach based on clinical clues from the history, physical examination and laboratory tests. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2007; 21: 1137–1187. de Kleijn EM, van Lier HJ, van der Meer JW. Fever of unknown origin (FUO). II. Diagnostic procedures in a prospective multi- center study of 167 patients. The Netherlands FUO Study Group.
  • Medicine (Baltimore) 1997; 76: 401–414.
  • Cunha BA. Fever of unknown origin: clinical overview of classic and current concepts. Infect Dis Clin N Am 2007; 21: 867–915.
  • Erten N, Saka B, Öztürk G, Karan MA, Taşcıoğlu C, Dilmener M, Kaysı A. Fever unknown origin: a report of 57 cases. J Clin Pract ; 59: 958 – 960. Sİrensen HT, Mellemkjaer L, Skriver MV, Johnsen SP, Nİrgård B, Olsen JH, Baron JA. Fever of unknown origin and cancer: a population-based study. Lancet Oncol 2005; 6: 851–855.
  • Frenkel J, Kuis W. Overt and occult rheumatic diseases: the child with chronic fever. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2002; 16: 443 – 469.
  • Çogulu O, Koturoglu G, Kurugol Z, Ozkınay F, Vardar F, Ozkı- nay, Evaluation of 80 children with prolonged fever. Pediatr Int ; 45: 564 – 569. Çiftçi E, İnce E, Doğru Ü. Pyrexia of unknown origin in children: a review of 102 patients from Turkey. Ann Trop Paediatr 2003; : 259 – 263.
  • Pasic S, Minic A, Djuric P, Micic D, Kuzmanovic M, Sarjanovic L, Markovic M. Fever of unknown origin in 185 paediatric patients: A single-center experience. Acta Paediatr 2006; 95: 463- 466.
  • Tuncer D, Ogunc D, Colak D, Ongut G, Sayin F, Ergin C, Tun- cer B, Mutlu G. Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in urban and high risk areas of Turkey. Inf Circ—WHO Mediterr Zoon Control Cent 2000; 49: 8–9
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Other ID JA74JN96RG
Journal Section Collection
Authors

Davut Bozkaya This is me

Ülker Koçak This is me

Publication Date April 1, 2009
Submission Date April 1, 2009
Published in Issue Year 2009 Volume: 3 Issue: 4

Cite

Vancouver Bozkaya D, Koçak Ü. FEVER OF UNKNOWN ORIGIN DURING CHILDHOOD. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2009;3(4):57-61.


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