Allerjik rinityaygın bir halk sağlığı problemidir. Çoğu vakada hayatı tehdit edici bir durum olmasa da ekonomi ve halk sağlığı üzerine etkisi nedeni ile önem taşımaktadır. Burun delikleri, allerjenlerin vücuda giriş yaptığı en önemli yollardır. Bu nedenle de allerjik rinite ait yakınma ve fizik muayene bulguları şaşırtıcı olmayacak bir şekilde burun delikleri ile ilgili olacaktır. İlk olarak antijene maruz kalınınca antijen sunan hücreler (makrofai) aracılığı ile antijen yardımcı T hepler lenfositlere sunulur. Aynı allerjenlere dah sonra tekrar maruz kalınması sonucunda bu hücreler uyarılarak diferansiye olurlar. B lenfositler uyarılarak antijen - spesifik immunglobulin E (lgE) üreten plazma hücrelerine dönüşür. lg E antikorları dolaşımdaki mest hücrelerin yüzeyindeki özel reseptörlerine yapışır. Allerjen ile daha sonraki karşılaşmalarda, lgE kompleksleri allerjen mest hücrelerinin aktive olmasına ve degranülasyonlarına yol açar. Mest hücreleri içinde önceden sentezlenip depolanmış olan histamin, lökotrien, kinin, triptaz gibi mediyatörlerin salınımı nazal mukozada mukus sekresyonunun artmasına, miyelinsiz C liflerinin ve trigeminal sinir uçlarının uyarılmasına neden olarak allerjik rinitin aksırma, akıntı ve kaşıntıdan oluşan erken semptomlarını ortaya çıkartır. Allerjik rinit tedavisinde üç temel prensip vardır. Bunlar (1) kaçınma, (2) ilaç tedavisi ve (3) immunoterapidir. Tedavide ilk olarak allerjenden kaçınma ve çevre önlemler yer almaktadır. Hemen hemen tüm vakalarda atakların tedavisinde ilaç tedavisi kullanılmaktadır. Allerjenden kaçınma ve ilaç kullanımı ile tedavi edilemeyen ağır hastalarda veya hayatı boyunca ilaç kullanmak istemeyen kişilerde immünoterapi önerilebilir.
Allergic rhinitis is a common health problem. Although nota life-threatening condition in most
cases, it has a substantial impact on public health and the economy. Because the nose is the most
common port of entry for allergens, in patients with allergies, signs and symptoms of allergic
rhinitis, not surprisingly, are the most common complaints. After initial exposure to an antigen,
antigen-processing cells (macrophages) present the processed peptides to T helper cells. Upon
subsequent exposure to the seme antigen, these cells are stimulated to differentiate. The B cells
may further differentiate into plasma cells and produce immunoglobulin E (lgE) specific to that
antigen. Allergen-specific lgE molecules then bind to the surface of mest cells and sensitize
them.Further exposures result in the release of preformed mediators from mest celi granules.
These mediators (ie, histamine, leukotrienes, kinins) cause early-phase symptoms such as
sneezing, rhinorrhea, and congestion. The 3 basic approaches for the treatment of allergies are
(1) avoidance, (2) pharmacotherapy, and (3) immunotherapy. Treatment should start with
avoidance of allergens and environmental controls. in almost all cases, however, pharmacotherapy is needed because the patient is either unwilling or unable to avoid allergens and to
control the occasiona 1 exacerbations of symptoms. For patients with a seve re al lergy that is not responsive to environmental controls and pharmacotherapy or for those who do not wish to use
medication fora lifetime, immunotherapy may be offered.
Other ID | JA25DU57UR |
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Journal Section | Collection |
Authors | |
Publication Date | April 1, 2008 |
Submission Date | April 1, 2008 |
Published in Issue | Year 2008 Volume: 2 Issue: 3 |
The publication language of Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease is English.
Manuscripts submitted to the Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease will go through a double-blind peer-review process. Each submission will be reviewed by at least two external, independent peer reviewers who are experts in the field, in order to ensure an unbiased evaluation process. The editorial board will invite an external and independent editor to manage the evaluation processes of manuscripts submitted by editors or by the editorial board members of the journal. The Editor in Chief is the final authority in the decision-making process for all submissions. Articles accepted for publication in the Turkish Journal of Pediatrics are put in the order of publication, with at least 10 original articles in each issue, taking into account the acceptance dates. If the articles sent to the reviewers for evaluation are assessed as a senior for publication by the reviewers, the section editor and the editor considering all aspects (originality, high scientific quality and citation potential), it receives publication priority in addition to the articles assigned for the next issue.
The aim of the Turkish Journal of Pediatrics is to publish high-quality original research articles that will contribute to the international literature in the field of general pediatric health and diseases and its sub-branches. It also publishes editorial opinions, letters to the editor, reviews, case reports, book reviews, comments on previously published articles, meeting and conference proceedings, announcements, and biography. In addition to the field of child health and diseases, the journal also includes articles prepared in fields such as surgery, dentistry, public health, nutrition and dietetics, social services, human genetics, basic sciences, psychology, psychiatry, educational sciences, sociology and nursing, provided that they are related to this field. can be published.