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Evaluation of Voiding Dysfunction and Response to Standard Uroterapy in Children with Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections

Year 2019, Volume: 13 Issue: 6, 456 - 462, 23.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.547461

Abstract

Objective: Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections of children. The aims of this study were to evaluate voiding disfunction, and the effect of standart uroteraphy on the symptoms of disfunctional voiding in children with recurrent urinary tract infection. 

Material and Methods: Between March 2006 and June 2008, 99 patients aged ≥4 years who had UTI at least twice in a year were evaluated. The cases were assessed by uroflowmetry and dysfunctional voiding symptom score (DVSS). 68 patients with voiding dysfunction administered standard urotherapy. These patients were reevaluated for symptoms of voiding dysfunction at the end of six month - standart urotherapy. 

Results: Ninety-six (98%) of the 98 patients were female, mean age was 9.9±3.95 years. DVSS was ≥8.5 in 68 (72%) patients. Constipation was found in 48 patients (49%). 86 of 46 patients (54%) had high residual urine volume (>20 ml). Uroflowmetric examinations were performed in 86 patients. 40 patients (47%) had bell, 21 patients (22%) had staccato, 20 patients (21%) had fractioned, 1 patient (1%) tower, 4 patients (4%) had plateau shaped voiding curve. 68 patients with high DVSS underwent standard urotherapy. At the end of six month- standart urotherapy, the DVS score was ≤ 8.5 in 35 patients. Complete recovery was found in 68% of diurnal enuresis, 58% in nocturnal enuresis, 84% in intermittent incontinence, 91% in feeling of incomplete urination and re-voiding. 

Conclusion: DVSS and uroflowmetry are practical methods for defining voiding dysfunction. Standard urotherapy is an effective treatment technique for the recovery of symptoms of voiding dysfunction.

References

  • 1. Santos JD, Lopes RI, Koyle MA. Bladder and bowel dysfunction in children: Anupdate on the diagnosis and treatment of a common, but under diagnosed pediatric problem. Can Urol Assoc J 2017;11:64-72.
  • 2. Chrzan R, Klijn AJ, Vijverberg MA, Sikkel F, de Jong TP. Colonic washout enemas for persistent constipation in children with recurrent urinary tract infections based on dysfunctional voiding. Urology 2008;71: 607-10.
  • 3. Hellström A, Hanson E, Hansson S, Hjälmås K, Jodal U. Association between urinary symptoms at 7 years old and previous urinary tract infection. Arch Dis Child 1991;66:232-4.
  • 4. Kim JH, Lee JH, Jung AY, Lee JW. The prevalence and therapeutic effect of constipation in pediatric overactive bladder. Int Neurourol J 2011;15:206-10.
  • 5. Lucanto C, Bauer SB, Hyman PE, Flores AF, Di Lorenzo C. Function of hollow viscera in children with constipation and voiding difficulties. Dig Dis Sci 2000;45:1274-80.
  • 6. Kasirga E, Akil I, Yilmaz O, Polat M, Gözmen S, Egemen A. Evaluation of voiding dysfunctions in children with chronic functional constipation. Turk J Pediatr 2006;48: 340-3.
  • 7. Averbeck MA, Madersbacher H. Constipation and LUTS – how do they affect each other? Int Braz J Urol 2011;37:16-28.
  • 8. Akbal C, Genç, Y, Burgu, B, Ozden E, Tekgul S, Dysfunctıonal voiding and incontinence symptoms in pediatric population. J Urol 2005;173:969-73.
  • 9. Kanematsu A, Johnin K, Yoshimura K, Okubo K, Aoki K, Watanabe M, et al. Objective patterning of uroflowmetry curves in children with daytime and nighttime wetting. J Urol 2010;184:1674-9.
  • 10. Austin PF, Bauer SB, Bower W, Chase J, Franco I, Hoebeke P, et al. The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: Update report from the Standardization Committee of the International Children’s Continence Society. J Urol 2014;191:1863-5.
  • 11. SJ Chang, LP Tsai, CK Hsu, SS Yang. Elevated postvoid residual urine volume predicting recurrence of urinary tract infections in toilet-trained children. Pediatr Nephrol 2015;30:1131-7.
  • 12. Kibar Y, Piskin M, Irkilata HC, Aydur E, Gok F, Dayanc M. Management of abnormal postvoid residual urine in children with dysfunctional voiding.Urology 2010;75:1472-5.
  • 13. O’Regan S, Yazbeck S. Constipation: A cause of enuresis, urinary tract infection and vesico-ureteral reflux in children. Med Hypotheses 1985;17:409-13.
  • 14. Robson WL, Leung AK, Bloom DA. Daytime wetting in childhood. Clin Pediatr 1996;35:91-8.
  • 15. Nevéus T, Sillén U. Sillen. Lower urinary tract function in childhood; normal development and common functional disturbances. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2013;207:85-92.
  • 16. Gondim R, Azevedo R, Braga AANM, Veiga ML, Barroso U Jr. Risk factors for urinary tract infection in children with urinary urgency. Int Braz J Urol 2018;44:378-83.
  • 17. Allen TD, Bright TC 3rd. Bright. Urodynamic patterns in children with dysfunctional voiding problems. J Urol 1978;119:247-49.
  • 18. Bartkowski DP, Doubrava RG. Ability of a normal dysfunctional voiding symptom score to predict uroflowmetry and external urinary sphincter electromyography patterns in children. J Urol 2004;172:1980-5.
  • 19. Sinha S. Dysfunctional voiding: A review of the terminology, presentation, evaluation and management in children and adults. Indian J Urol 2011;27:437-47.
  • 20. Chang SJ, Chiang IN, Hsieh CH, Lin CD, Yang SS. Age‐and gender‐specific nomograms for single and dual post‐void residual urine in healthy children. Neurourol Urodyn 2013;32:1014-8.
  • 21. Neveus T, Gontard A, Hoebeke P. The standartization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: Report from the standartization committee of the International Children’s Continence Society. J Urol 2006;176:314–24.
  • 22. Koff SA, Wagner TT, Jayanthi VR. The relationship among dysfunctional Elimination syndromes, primary vesicoureteral reflux and urinary tract infections in children. J Urol 1998;160:1019-22.
  • 23. Hodges SJ, Anthony EY. Occult mega rectum-A commonly unrecognized cause of enuresis. Urology 2012;79:421-4.
  • 24. Hagstroem S, Rittig S, Kamperis K, Djurhuus JC. Timer watch assisted urotherapy in children: A randomized controlled trial. J Urol 2010;184:1482-8.
  • 25. Bulum B, Özçakar ZB, Kavaz A, Hüseynova M, Ekim M, Yalçinkaya F. Lower urinary tract dysfunction is frequently seen in urinary tract infections in childrenand is often associated with reduced quality of life. Acta Paediatr 2014;103:454-8.

Tekrarlayan İdrar Yolu Enfeksiyonu Geçiren Çocuklarda İşeme Bozukluklarının ve Standart Üroterapiye Yanıtın Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 13 Issue: 6, 456 - 462, 23.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.547461

Abstract



Amaç: İdrar yolu enfeksiyonu (İYE) çocukluk döneminin en sık görülen bakteriyel enfeksiyonlarından biridir. Tekrarlayan İYE’larında en önemli risk faktörlerinden biri işeme bozukluklarıdır.Çalışmanın amaçları; nörolojik sorunu olmayan tekrarlayan İYE’nu olan çocuklarda işeme bozukluğu semptom skorunun (İBSS), işeme sonrası rezidü idrar hacminin, üroflovmetrik inceleme bulgularının değerlendirilmesi ve standart üroterapinin işeme bozukluğu semptomları üzerine etkisini değerlendirmektir. 


Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya Mart 2006 ile Haziran 2008 tarihleri arasında, yılda en az iki kez İYE geçiren, 4 yaş ve üzeri 98 hasta kabul edildi. Olgular İBSS, üroflovmetri ile değerlendirildi. İşeme bozukluğu saptanan 68 hastaya standart üroterapi uygulandı. Bu hastalar tedavinin 6. ayında işeme bozukluğu semptomları açısından tekrar değerlendirildi.


Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınan 98 hastanın 96 (%98)’sı kız, ortalama yaşları 9.9±3.95 yıldı. İBSS; 68 (%72) hastada 8.5 ve üstünde; 27 (%28) hastada 8.5’dan küçük bulundu. Kabızlık 48 (%49) hastada saptandı. Rezidü idrar hacmi 86 hastanın 46 (%54)’ında 20 ml’nin üstünde bulundu. Üroflovmetri ile değerlendirilen 86 hastanın 40(%47)’ında çan, 21(% 22)’inde stakkato, 20 (%21)’inde fraksiyone, 4 (%4)’ünde plato, 1 (%1)’inde kule biçimli işeme eğrisi tespit edildi. İBS skoru yüksek olan 68 olguya standart üroterapi tedavisi uygulandı. Altı ay sonunda İBS skoru 35 hastada ≤ 8.5 saptandı. Enürezis diürnada %68, enürezis noktürnada %58, kesik kesik işemede %84, idrarını yaptıktan kısa bir süre sonra tekrar idrara gitme şikayetinde %91 oranında tam düzelme saptandı.


Sonuç: İBSS ve üroflovmetri işeme bozukluğunun tanımlanmasında pratik yöntemlerdir. Standart üroterapi, fonksiyonel işeme bozukluğu olan hastaların semptomlarının düzelmesinde etkin bir tedavi yöntemidir.

References

  • 1. Santos JD, Lopes RI, Koyle MA. Bladder and bowel dysfunction in children: Anupdate on the diagnosis and treatment of a common, but under diagnosed pediatric problem. Can Urol Assoc J 2017;11:64-72.
  • 2. Chrzan R, Klijn AJ, Vijverberg MA, Sikkel F, de Jong TP. Colonic washout enemas for persistent constipation in children with recurrent urinary tract infections based on dysfunctional voiding. Urology 2008;71: 607-10.
  • 3. Hellström A, Hanson E, Hansson S, Hjälmås K, Jodal U. Association between urinary symptoms at 7 years old and previous urinary tract infection. Arch Dis Child 1991;66:232-4.
  • 4. Kim JH, Lee JH, Jung AY, Lee JW. The prevalence and therapeutic effect of constipation in pediatric overactive bladder. Int Neurourol J 2011;15:206-10.
  • 5. Lucanto C, Bauer SB, Hyman PE, Flores AF, Di Lorenzo C. Function of hollow viscera in children with constipation and voiding difficulties. Dig Dis Sci 2000;45:1274-80.
  • 6. Kasirga E, Akil I, Yilmaz O, Polat M, Gözmen S, Egemen A. Evaluation of voiding dysfunctions in children with chronic functional constipation. Turk J Pediatr 2006;48: 340-3.
  • 7. Averbeck MA, Madersbacher H. Constipation and LUTS – how do they affect each other? Int Braz J Urol 2011;37:16-28.
  • 8. Akbal C, Genç, Y, Burgu, B, Ozden E, Tekgul S, Dysfunctıonal voiding and incontinence symptoms in pediatric population. J Urol 2005;173:969-73.
  • 9. Kanematsu A, Johnin K, Yoshimura K, Okubo K, Aoki K, Watanabe M, et al. Objective patterning of uroflowmetry curves in children with daytime and nighttime wetting. J Urol 2010;184:1674-9.
  • 10. Austin PF, Bauer SB, Bower W, Chase J, Franco I, Hoebeke P, et al. The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: Update report from the Standardization Committee of the International Children’s Continence Society. J Urol 2014;191:1863-5.
  • 11. SJ Chang, LP Tsai, CK Hsu, SS Yang. Elevated postvoid residual urine volume predicting recurrence of urinary tract infections in toilet-trained children. Pediatr Nephrol 2015;30:1131-7.
  • 12. Kibar Y, Piskin M, Irkilata HC, Aydur E, Gok F, Dayanc M. Management of abnormal postvoid residual urine in children with dysfunctional voiding.Urology 2010;75:1472-5.
  • 13. O’Regan S, Yazbeck S. Constipation: A cause of enuresis, urinary tract infection and vesico-ureteral reflux in children. Med Hypotheses 1985;17:409-13.
  • 14. Robson WL, Leung AK, Bloom DA. Daytime wetting in childhood. Clin Pediatr 1996;35:91-8.
  • 15. Nevéus T, Sillén U. Sillen. Lower urinary tract function in childhood; normal development and common functional disturbances. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2013;207:85-92.
  • 16. Gondim R, Azevedo R, Braga AANM, Veiga ML, Barroso U Jr. Risk factors for urinary tract infection in children with urinary urgency. Int Braz J Urol 2018;44:378-83.
  • 17. Allen TD, Bright TC 3rd. Bright. Urodynamic patterns in children with dysfunctional voiding problems. J Urol 1978;119:247-49.
  • 18. Bartkowski DP, Doubrava RG. Ability of a normal dysfunctional voiding symptom score to predict uroflowmetry and external urinary sphincter electromyography patterns in children. J Urol 2004;172:1980-5.
  • 19. Sinha S. Dysfunctional voiding: A review of the terminology, presentation, evaluation and management in children and adults. Indian J Urol 2011;27:437-47.
  • 20. Chang SJ, Chiang IN, Hsieh CH, Lin CD, Yang SS. Age‐and gender‐specific nomograms for single and dual post‐void residual urine in healthy children. Neurourol Urodyn 2013;32:1014-8.
  • 21. Neveus T, Gontard A, Hoebeke P. The standartization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: Report from the standartization committee of the International Children’s Continence Society. J Urol 2006;176:314–24.
  • 22. Koff SA, Wagner TT, Jayanthi VR. The relationship among dysfunctional Elimination syndromes, primary vesicoureteral reflux and urinary tract infections in children. J Urol 1998;160:1019-22.
  • 23. Hodges SJ, Anthony EY. Occult mega rectum-A commonly unrecognized cause of enuresis. Urology 2012;79:421-4.
  • 24. Hagstroem S, Rittig S, Kamperis K, Djurhuus JC. Timer watch assisted urotherapy in children: A randomized controlled trial. J Urol 2010;184:1482-8.
  • 25. Bulum B, Özçakar ZB, Kavaz A, Hüseynova M, Ekim M, Yalçinkaya F. Lower urinary tract dysfunction is frequently seen in urinary tract infections in childrenand is often associated with reduced quality of life. Acta Paediatr 2014;103:454-8.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Authors

Birgül Say

Publication Date December 23, 2019
Submission Date October 9, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 13 Issue: 6

Cite

Vancouver Say B. Tekrarlayan İdrar Yolu Enfeksiyonu Geçiren Çocuklarda İşeme Bozukluklarının ve Standart Üroterapiye Yanıtın Değerlendirilmesi. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2019;13(6):456-62.


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