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Investigation of the Childhood Gastroenterites in Terms of the Etiology, Socioodemographic, Clinical, Laboratory Properties and Relationship with C Reactive Protein

Year 2020, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 51 - 56, 27.01.2020
https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.522894

Abstract

Objective: Acute gastroenteritis is one of the major cause of mortality and morbidity in childhood. Differantiating the
pathogen is important for infection control and choosing appropriate treatment in children who present to emergency
department with acute gastroenteritis. Beside the pathogen and clinical status of child and social status of the family is
also important for the treatment and follow-up plan in pediatric Emergency department, especially during the increased
periods of acute gastroenteritis epidemies.
In this study beside the pathogens of gastroenteritis patients’ sociodemographic and clinical status and their relationship
with C Reactive Protein CRP were investigated.
Material and Methods: A total of 400 patients between the ages of 2 months and 14 years who had applied to
pediatric emergency department with the complaint of acute gastroenteritis were admitted to the study. CRP was
quantitatively determined by nephelometric method in patients’ serums; Values above 1 mg / dl and above were
considered positive.

In addition, whole blood count and serum electrolyte levels, direct microscopic examination of leukocytes and parasites of stool were
investigated, fast antigen test method of Rotavirus Adenovirus antigen and also stool culture was done.
Results: 46% of the patients had low socioeconomic status, 29% had a crowded family, 23% had a simultaneous gastroenteritis in the
family, and 16% of them were attending nursery or school. CRP positiveness was significantly higher in the groups of crowded family (p
= 0.043) and in the nursery / school (p = 0.006). CRP levels were found to be high in patients with nausea, vomiting, fever and bloody
stool. (all p = 0.001) No pathogenic microorganism was detected in gaita cultures, CRP positivity was significantly high in patients with
fever and blood stool and leukocytosis.
In addition, CRP positiveness was significantly higher in Rotavirus, Adenovirus, and both positive cases (p = 0.02, p = 0.003, p = 0.0001,
respectively). The rate of Rotavirus and Adenovirus positivity was high in hospitalized patients rather than not hospitalized.
Conclusion: In conclusion, although CRP is frequently used as a bacterial marker, in addition to bacterial infections it may increase also in
viral infections like patients who presented to the pediatric emergency department with gastroenteritis symptoms.

References

  • 1- Cheryl S.Y. Li, Paul K.S. Chan, Julian W. Tang. Prevalance of diarrhea viruses in hospitalized children in Hong Kong in 2008. J Med Virol 2009; 81:1903-19112- Dennehy PH. Acute diarrheal disease in children: epidemiology, prevention and treatment. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2005; 19: 585-602.3- Kosek M, Bern C, Guerrant RL. The global burden of diarrhoeal disease, as estimated from studies published between 1992 and 2000. Bull World Health Organ 2003; 81: 197-204.4- Szajewska H, Dziechciarz P. Gastrointestinal infections in pediatric population. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2010;26:36-44.5- Cunliffe NA, Booth JA, Elliot C, Lowe SJ, Sopwith W, Kitchin N et al. Healthcare-associated viral gastroentritis among children in a large pediatric hospital, United Kingdom. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010;16:55-62.6- WHO 2004 report. Diarrhoeal Diseases (Updated February 2009). http://www.who.int/vaccine_research/diseases/diarrhoeal/en (15/05/2009).7- Rosenfeldt V, Vesikari T, Pang XL, Zeng SQ, Tvede M, Paerregaard A. Viral etiology and incidence of acute gastroenteritis in young children attending day-care centers. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005; 24:962-5.8- Özkasap S, Yıldırım A, Yüksel S. Akut gastroenterit ve tedavisi. Klinik pediatri, 2004; 3:12-18.9- Marcus N, Mor M, Amir L, Mimouni M, Waisman Y. The quick-read C-reactive protein test for the prediction of bacterial gastroenteritis in the pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2007;23:634-710- Korczowski B, Szybist W. Serum procalsitonin and C- reactive protein in children with diarrhoea of various aetiologies. Acta Paediatr. 2004; 93:169-73. 11- Liu LJ, Yang YJ, Kuo PH, Wang SM, Liu CC. Diagnostic value of bacterial stool cultures and viral antigen tests based on clinical manifestations of acute gastroenteritis in pediatric patients Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2005; 24:559-61.12- Tekin D.,Suskan E.,Atay G.,Belgemen T. Çocukluk çağında akut gastroenteritler, Poster 89, 1. Uludağ Pediatri Kış Kongresi 2005 20-23 Şubat Uludağ,Bursa,Türkiye13- Biçer S, Tunca Şahin G, Koncay B, Yavuzcan D, Gemici H, Engerek N ve ark. Çocuk acil servisinde saptanan rotavirüs gastroenteriti olgularının sıklığı . J Pediatr Inf 2008; 3:96-914- Akıncı N, Erener Ercan T, Yalman N, Eren A, Severge B, Ercan G. Akut gastroenteritli çocuklarda adenovirüs ve rotavirüs J Pediatr Inf 2007; 1: 98-10115- Altındiş M, Beştepe G, Çeri A, Yavru S, Kalaycı S. Akut ishal yakınmalı çocuklarda rotavirüs ve enterik adenovirüs sıklığı. SULEYMAN DEMIREL UNIV TIP FAK DERG 2008; 15:17-2016- Gimenez-Sanchez F, Delgado-Rubio A, Martinon-Torres F, Bernaola-Iturbe E; Rotascore Research Group. Multicenter prospecitve study analysing the role of rotavirus on acute gastroenteritis in Spain. Acta Paediatr 2010; 99:738-742.17- Kanra G,Kara A. ishal patogenezi Katkı pediatri dergisi 2000;21:6-15 18- Ceyhan M viral gastroenteritler Katkı pediatri dergisi 2000;21:30-3819- Özmert E, Yurdakök K. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de ishalli hastalıklar Katkı Pediatri Dergisi 2000;1-520- Yurdakök K. İshalli çocuğa yaklaşım. Katkı Pediatri Dergisi 2000;21:94-10421- Bulut Y., İşeri L., Akut Gastroenterit ön tanılı çocuklarda rotavirüs pozitifliği. İNÖNÜ UNİV TIP FAK DERG 2003;10:143-5 22- Gül M, Garipardıç M, Çıracıgil P, Aral M. 0-5 yaş arası gastroenteritli çocuklarda Rotavirüs ve Adenovirüs Tip 40/41 araştırılması ANKEM Derg 2005; 19:64-6723- Gürbüz F, Tezer H, Şaylı TR, Akut Gastroenterit nedeniyle hastaneye yatan hastalarda etkenler ve klinik bulgular : Epidemioylojik Çalışma. Turkish J. Pediatr. Dis. 2010; 4(4): 211-21824- Bates PR, Bailey AS, Wood DJ, Morris DJ, Comparative epidemiology of rotavirus, subgenus F(types 40 and 41) adenovirus, and astrovirus gastroenteritis in children. J Med Virol 1993; 39:224-8

ÇOCUKLUK ÇAĞI GASTROENTERİTLERİNİN ETKEN, SOSYODEMOGRAFİK, KLİNİK VE LABORATUVAR ÖZELLİKLERİNİN VE CRP İLE İLİŞKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Year 2020, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 51 - 56, 27.01.2020
https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.522894

Abstract

Amaç:
 
Akut
gastroenteritler çocukluk çağının önemli mortalite ve morbidite nedenlerinin
başında gelmektedir. Acil servise gastroenterit şikayeti ile başvuran
çocuklarda enfeksiyon kontrolü ve akılcı ilaç kullanımı açısından etkenin
ayrımı önemlidir. Özellikle gastroenterit salgınlarının arttığı dönemlerde
yoğun başvuru olan Çocuk Acil Polikliklerinde tedavi ve takip planı için ise etken
ve çocuğun klinik durumu yanında ailenin sosyal durumu da önemlidir. Bu
çalışmada gastroenterit etkenleri ile birlikte hastaların sosyodemografik/klinik
özellikleri ve  etkenlerin CRP(C Reaktif Protein) ile ilişkisi incelenmiştir.  



Gereç ve yöntemler:
Çocuk acil polikliniğine akut gastroenterit şikayetiyle başvuran 2 ay - 14 yaş
arasındaki 400 hastanın katılımıyla yapıldı.  CRP, hasta serumunda kantitatif olarak
nefelometrik yöntemle belirlendi; 1 mg/dl ve üzerindeki değerler pozitif kabul
edildi. Ayrıca kan sayımı ve serum elektrolit düzeyleri, gaitada direkt
mikroskobik inceleme ile lökosit ve parazit araştırılması, hızlı antijen testi
yöntemiyle gaitada Rotavirüs ile Adenovirüs antijen tayini ve gaita kültürü
yapıldı. 



Bulgular: Hastaların  %46’sında düşük
sosyoekonomik düzey, % 29’unda kalabalık aile, %23’ünde ailede diğer bireylerde
de eş zamanlı gastroenterit gözlendi ve %16’sı kreşe veya okula gitmekteydi.

CRP (+)’liği  kalabalık aile (p=0.043) ve
kreş/okula gidenlerde (p=0.006) anlamlı derecede yüksek bulundu. Bulantı-kusma,
ateş ve kanlı gaita şikayeti olanlarda CRP (+)’liği  yüksek bulundu. (hepsi için p=0.001) Gaita
kültürlerinde patojen mikroorganizma saptanmadı, ateş ve kanlı gaita şikayeti ve lökositozu olan  olgularda CRP (+)’
liği anlamlı derecede yüksek saptandı. Ayrıca CRP (+)’liği Rotavirüs,
Adenovirus, ve her ikisi birlikte(+) saptanan olgularda anlamlı oranda yüksek
bulundu (sırasıyla p=0.02,p=0.003,p=0.0001). Hastaneye
yatırılan olgularda Rotavirüs ve Adenovirüs pozitifliği oranı yüksekti.



Sonuç: Sonuç
olarak  CRP, sıklıkla bakteriyel belirteç
olarak kullanılmasına rağmen, acil servise gastroenterit semptomları ile
başvuran hastalarda diğer bulgularla birlikte değerlendirildiğinde bakteriyel
enfeksiyonlar yanında viral enfeksiyonlarda da yükselebildiğini gözlemledik. 

References

  • 1- Cheryl S.Y. Li, Paul K.S. Chan, Julian W. Tang. Prevalance of diarrhea viruses in hospitalized children in Hong Kong in 2008. J Med Virol 2009; 81:1903-19112- Dennehy PH. Acute diarrheal disease in children: epidemiology, prevention and treatment. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2005; 19: 585-602.3- Kosek M, Bern C, Guerrant RL. The global burden of diarrhoeal disease, as estimated from studies published between 1992 and 2000. Bull World Health Organ 2003; 81: 197-204.4- Szajewska H, Dziechciarz P. Gastrointestinal infections in pediatric population. Curr Opin Gastroenterol. 2010;26:36-44.5- Cunliffe NA, Booth JA, Elliot C, Lowe SJ, Sopwith W, Kitchin N et al. Healthcare-associated viral gastroentritis among children in a large pediatric hospital, United Kingdom. Emerg Infect Dis. 2010;16:55-62.6- WHO 2004 report. Diarrhoeal Diseases (Updated February 2009). http://www.who.int/vaccine_research/diseases/diarrhoeal/en (15/05/2009).7- Rosenfeldt V, Vesikari T, Pang XL, Zeng SQ, Tvede M, Paerregaard A. Viral etiology and incidence of acute gastroenteritis in young children attending day-care centers. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005; 24:962-5.8- Özkasap S, Yıldırım A, Yüksel S. Akut gastroenterit ve tedavisi. Klinik pediatri, 2004; 3:12-18.9- Marcus N, Mor M, Amir L, Mimouni M, Waisman Y. The quick-read C-reactive protein test for the prediction of bacterial gastroenteritis in the pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2007;23:634-710- Korczowski B, Szybist W. Serum procalsitonin and C- reactive protein in children with diarrhoea of various aetiologies. Acta Paediatr. 2004; 93:169-73. 11- Liu LJ, Yang YJ, Kuo PH, Wang SM, Liu CC. Diagnostic value of bacterial stool cultures and viral antigen tests based on clinical manifestations of acute gastroenteritis in pediatric patients Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2005; 24:559-61.12- Tekin D.,Suskan E.,Atay G.,Belgemen T. Çocukluk çağında akut gastroenteritler, Poster 89, 1. Uludağ Pediatri Kış Kongresi 2005 20-23 Şubat Uludağ,Bursa,Türkiye13- Biçer S, Tunca Şahin G, Koncay B, Yavuzcan D, Gemici H, Engerek N ve ark. Çocuk acil servisinde saptanan rotavirüs gastroenteriti olgularının sıklığı . J Pediatr Inf 2008; 3:96-914- Akıncı N, Erener Ercan T, Yalman N, Eren A, Severge B, Ercan G. Akut gastroenteritli çocuklarda adenovirüs ve rotavirüs J Pediatr Inf 2007; 1: 98-10115- Altındiş M, Beştepe G, Çeri A, Yavru S, Kalaycı S. Akut ishal yakınmalı çocuklarda rotavirüs ve enterik adenovirüs sıklığı. SULEYMAN DEMIREL UNIV TIP FAK DERG 2008; 15:17-2016- Gimenez-Sanchez F, Delgado-Rubio A, Martinon-Torres F, Bernaola-Iturbe E; Rotascore Research Group. Multicenter prospecitve study analysing the role of rotavirus on acute gastroenteritis in Spain. Acta Paediatr 2010; 99:738-742.17- Kanra G,Kara A. ishal patogenezi Katkı pediatri dergisi 2000;21:6-15 18- Ceyhan M viral gastroenteritler Katkı pediatri dergisi 2000;21:30-3819- Özmert E, Yurdakök K. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de ishalli hastalıklar Katkı Pediatri Dergisi 2000;1-520- Yurdakök K. İshalli çocuğa yaklaşım. Katkı Pediatri Dergisi 2000;21:94-10421- Bulut Y., İşeri L., Akut Gastroenterit ön tanılı çocuklarda rotavirüs pozitifliği. İNÖNÜ UNİV TIP FAK DERG 2003;10:143-5 22- Gül M, Garipardıç M, Çıracıgil P, Aral M. 0-5 yaş arası gastroenteritli çocuklarda Rotavirüs ve Adenovirüs Tip 40/41 araştırılması ANKEM Derg 2005; 19:64-6723- Gürbüz F, Tezer H, Şaylı TR, Akut Gastroenterit nedeniyle hastaneye yatan hastalarda etkenler ve klinik bulgular : Epidemioylojik Çalışma. Turkish J. Pediatr. Dis. 2010; 4(4): 211-21824- Bates PR, Bailey AS, Wood DJ, Morris DJ, Comparative epidemiology of rotavirus, subgenus F(types 40 and 41) adenovirus, and astrovirus gastroenteritis in children. J Med Virol 1993; 39:224-8
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Authors

İlknur Kurtuluş Cankurt 0000-0002-3216-0610

Publication Date January 27, 2020
Submission Date February 5, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Kurtuluş Cankurt İ. ÇOCUKLUK ÇAĞI GASTROENTERİTLERİNİN ETKEN, SOSYODEMOGRAFİK, KLİNİK VE LABORATUVAR ÖZELLİKLERİNİN VE CRP İLE İLİŞKİSİNİN İNCELENMESİ. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2020;14(1):51-6.


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