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Smoking Cessation Intervention in Adolescents Using Motivational Interview in a Children’s Hospital in Turkey: A Pilot Study

Year 2020, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 66 - 71, 27.01.2020
https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.623812

Abstract

Objective: In
this study, the results of the intervention through the ‘Motivational Interview’
 to address the smoking
behavior of
adolescents in the ‘Adolescent Medicine Outpatient Clinic’ were evaluated.

Material and Methods: Thirty-two adolescents smoking at least three cigarette per/day
for the last three months were included in the study. The participants were called
twice with a one-week interval and then with two weeks interval. The
motivational interview was conducted to help them quit smoking each time they came.
The participants were called by telephone three months after the last interview
and were questioned on their smoking behavior.

Results: The
mean age of the participants was 16.4 ± 1 years (min: 12-max: 18) and 47% (n =
15) of them were female. 28% (n = 9) of the participants had a chronic disease.
According to the statements of the participants after three months, 6.2%(n = 2)
of adolescents quit smoking, and 50% (n = 16) decreased the frequency of
smoking. A statistically significant relationship was found between the rate of
quitting or reducing smoking and the compliance to the smoke intervention
program (p = 0.016) and, the number of cigarettes smoked per day at first
admission (p = 0.047).
There was no significant
relationship between the age of the adolescents, the age of first
experimentation, the duration of smoking, and the reduction of smoking. The
rate reduction in cigarettes smoked was found to be higher in patients who had
a chronic disease, non-smoker family, female gender and attendance to school,
but the difference between these was not statistically significant (p>
0.05).











Conclusion: This study demonstrates that smoking interventions in the
early period of smoking and the compliance to smoking cessation interventions may
change the smoking behavior of adolescents.

References

  • 1. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco
  • 2. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/bagimliliklamucadele-haberler/868-2018-2023-t%C3%BCt%C3%BCn-kontrol%C3%BC-strateji-belgesi-ve-eylem-plan%C4%B1.html)
  • 3. Bagchi NN, Ganguly S, Pal S, Chatterjee S. A. study on smoking and associated psychosocial factors among adolescent students in Kolkata, India 2014;58(1):50.
  • 4. Romer D. Adolescent risk-taking, impulsivity, and brain development: Implications for prevention. Dev Psychobiol 2010;52(3):263-76.
  • 5. Ali MM, Dwyer DS. Estimating peer effects in adolescent smoking behavior: a longitudinal analysis. J Adolesc Health 2009;45(4):402-8.
  • 6. Akkuş D, Karaca A, Şener DK. The Prevalence of Tobacco and Alcohol Use in High School Students and the Affecting Factors. Anatol Clin 2017;22(1):36-45.
  • 7. Stanton A, Grimshaw G. Tobacco cessation interventions for young people. Cochrane   Database Syst Rev 2013(8).
  • 8. Hibell B, Guttormsson U. A supplement to the 2011 ESPAD Report. Additional data from Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina), Kosovo Alcohol and Other Drugs. 2013.
  • 9. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/tutun-mucadele-bagimlilik-db/duyurular/KGTA-2017
  • 10. Hong NS, Kam S, Kim KY. Factors related to increasing trends in cigarette smoking of adolescent males in rural areas of Korea. J Prev Med Public Health 2013;46(3):139.
  • 11. Dalum P, Paludan-Müller G, Engholm G, Kok G. A cluster randomised controlled trial of an adolescent smoking cessation intervention: short and long-term effects. Scand. J. Public Health 2012;40(2):167-76.
  • 12. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/tutun-mucadele-bagimlilik-db/duyurular/KGTA-2017
  • 13. Gorin SS, Heck JE. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of tobacco counseling by health care providers. Cancer Epidem Biomar 2004;13(12):2012-22.
  • 14. Gazete R. Tütün Mamullerinin Zararlarının Önlenmesine Dair Kanunda Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun. Sayı; 2008.
  • 15. Evrengil E. Türkiye’de tütün ürünü piyasa düzenlemesi: tütün kontrolü bakış açısından bir değerlendirme. “31 Mayýs Tütünsüz Bir Dünya Günü” Nedeniyle STED Özel Sayı 2014:24.
  • 16. Yaşar Z, Kurt ÖK, Talay F, Kargı A. Bir yıllık sigara bırakma poliklinik sonuçlarımız: sigara bırakmada etkili olan faktörler. Eurasian J Pulmonol 2014;16:99-104.
  • 17. Cohen E, Mackenzie RG, Yates GL. HEADSS, a psychosocial risk assessment instrument: implications for designing effective intervention programs for runaway youth. J Adolesc Health 1991;12(7):539-44.
  • 18. Miller WR, Rollnick S, Karadağ F, Ögel K, Tezcan AE, Ayhan A. Motivasyonel görüşme: insanları değişime hazırlama: HYB Basım Yayın; 2009.
  • 19. Ögel K. Motivasyonel görüşme tekniği. Turkiye Klinikleri J Psychiatry-Special Topics 2009;2(2):41-4.
  • 20. Heckman CJ, Egleston BL, Hofmann MT. Efficacy of motivational interviewing for smoking cessation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tob Control 2010;19(5):410-6.
  • 21. Colby SM, Nargiso J, Tevyaw TOL, Barnett NP, Metrik J, Lewander W, et al. Enhanced motivational interviewing versus brief advice for adolescent smoking cessation: results from a randomized clinical trial. Addict Behav 2012;37(7):817-23.
  • 22. Colby SM, Monti PM, Tevyaw TOL, Barnett NP, Spirito A, Rohsenow DJ, et al. Brief motivational intervention for adolescent smokers in medical settings. Addict Behav 2005;30(5):865-74.
  • 23. Siqueira LM, Rolnitzky LM, Rickert VI. Smoking cessation in adolescents: the role of nicotine dependence, stress, and coping methods. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2001;155(4):489-95.
  • 24. Garrison MM, Christakis DA, Ebel BE, Wiehe SE, Rivara FP. Smoking cessation interventions for adolescents: a systematic review. Am J Prev Med 2003;25(4):363-7.
  • 25. Gillam S. Social pressures and resistance to cigarette smoking: a phenomenological study with young adolescent women: Memorial University of Newfoundland; 2000.
  • 26. Haug S, Schaub MP, Schmid H. Predictors of adolescent smoking cessation and smoking reduction. Patient Educ Couns 2014;95(3):378-83.
  • 27. Taioli E, Wynder E. Effect of the age at which smoking begins on frequency of smoking in adulthood. N Engl J Med 1991;325(13):968-9.
  • 28. Moran S, Wechsler H, Rigotti NA. Social smoking among US college students. Pediatrics 2004;114(4):1028-34.
  • 29. Kleinjan M, Engels RC, van Leeuwe J, Brug J, van Zundert RM, van den Eijnden RJ. Mechanisms of adolescent smoking cessation: Roles of readiness to quit, nicotine dependence, and smoking of parents and peers. Drug Alcohol Depen 2009;99(1-3):204-14.
  • 30. Diemert LM, Bondy SJ, Brown KS, Manske S. Young adult smoking cessation: predictors of quit attempts and abstinence. Am J Public Health 2013;103(3):449-53.
  • 31. Fidan F, Ebru P, Mehmet Ü, Sezer M, Ziya K. Sigara bırakmayı etkileyen faktörler ve uygulanan tedavilerin başarı oranları. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 2005;6(3):27-34.
  • 32. Reidpath DD, Davey TM, Kadirvelu A, Soyiri IN, Allotey P. Does one cigarette make an adolescent smoker, and is it influenced by age and age of smoking initiation? Evidence of association from the US Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (2011). Am J Prev Med 2014;59:37-41.
  • 33. Çuhadaroğlu-Çetin F. Ergenlikte Psikososyal Gelişim Özellikleri. Turkiye Klinikleri Pediatric Sciences-Special Topics 2006;2(7):6-8.
  • 34. Suris J-C, Michaud P-A, Akre C, Sawyer SM. Health risk behaviors in adolescents with chronic conditions. Pediatrics 2008;122(5):e1113-e8.

Türkiye'de Bir Çocuk Hastanesinde Motivasyonel Görüşme Kullanarak Ergenlerde Sigara Bırakma Müdahalesi: Bir Pilot Çalışma

Year 2020, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 66 - 71, 27.01.2020
https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.623812

Abstract

Giriş: Bu çalışmada, “Ergen Sağlığı Polikliniğinde” ergenlerin
sigara içme davranışına yönelik “Motivasyonel Görüşme” ile yapılan müdahalenin
sonuçları değerlendirilmiştir.



Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya
son üç aydır hergün en az üç sigara içen 32 ergen dahil edilmiştir. Hastalar
birer hafta ara ile iki kez, sonrasında ikişer hafta ara ile görüşmeye
çağırılmıştır. Her gelişlerinde sigarayı bırakmaları yönünde motivasyonel
görüşme yapılmıştır. Hastalar son görüşmeden üç ay sonra telefonla aranmış ve
kendilerine günde kaç adet sigara içtikleri sorulmuştur.



Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil olan
ergenlerin
yaş ortalaması 16,4±1,
(min:12-max:18) olup, kızların oranı %47 (n=15) idi. Katılımcıların %28 (n=9)’sinde
bir kronik hastalık bulunmaktaydı. Ergenlerin %34,4 (n=11)’ü bir kez,
%31,3 (n=10)’ü iki kez, %34,4 (n=11)’ü ise üç kez sigara müdahalesine gelmiştir. Ergenlerin,
üç ay sonraki beyanlarına göre, %6,2 (n=2)’si sigarayı bırakmış, %50 (n=16)’si ise
azaltmıştır. Ergenlerin sigarayı bırakma veya azaltma ile sigara bırakma görüşmelerine
gelme sayısı arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki görülmüştür
(p=0.016). Aynı şekilde, başlangıçta içilen sigara sayısı ile sigara bırakma
görüşmelerine gelme sayısı arasında da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki
görülmüştür (p=0.047). Katılımcıların yaşı, sigarayı deneme yaşı ve sigara
içilen süre ile sigarayı azaltma arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir
ilişki bulunmamıştır. Kronik hastalığı bulunanlarda, sigara içmeyen ebeveyne
sahip olanlarda, kızlarda ve okula devam eden ergenlerde sigarayı azaltanların
oranı daha fazla bulunmuştur, ancak aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlı
bulunmamıştır.



Sonuç: Bu çalışma, sigaranın daha az sayıda içildiği erken
dönemde motivasyonel görüşme ile sigara müdahalesi yapılmasının ve sigara
bırakma görüşmelerine devam etmelerinin sağlanmasının, adolesanların sigara
içme davranışını değiştirebileceğini göstermektedir.

References

  • 1. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tobacco
  • 2. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/tr/bagimliliklamucadele-haberler/868-2018-2023-t%C3%BCt%C3%BCn-kontrol%C3%BC-strateji-belgesi-ve-eylem-plan%C4%B1.html)
  • 3. Bagchi NN, Ganguly S, Pal S, Chatterjee S. A. study on smoking and associated psychosocial factors among adolescent students in Kolkata, India 2014;58(1):50.
  • 4. Romer D. Adolescent risk-taking, impulsivity, and brain development: Implications for prevention. Dev Psychobiol 2010;52(3):263-76.
  • 5. Ali MM, Dwyer DS. Estimating peer effects in adolescent smoking behavior: a longitudinal analysis. J Adolesc Health 2009;45(4):402-8.
  • 6. Akkuş D, Karaca A, Şener DK. The Prevalence of Tobacco and Alcohol Use in High School Students and the Affecting Factors. Anatol Clin 2017;22(1):36-45.
  • 7. Stanton A, Grimshaw G. Tobacco cessation interventions for young people. Cochrane   Database Syst Rev 2013(8).
  • 8. Hibell B, Guttormsson U. A supplement to the 2011 ESPAD Report. Additional data from Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina), Kosovo Alcohol and Other Drugs. 2013.
  • 9. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/tutun-mucadele-bagimlilik-db/duyurular/KGTA-2017
  • 10. Hong NS, Kam S, Kim KY. Factors related to increasing trends in cigarette smoking of adolescent males in rural areas of Korea. J Prev Med Public Health 2013;46(3):139.
  • 11. Dalum P, Paludan-Müller G, Engholm G, Kok G. A cluster randomised controlled trial of an adolescent smoking cessation intervention: short and long-term effects. Scand. J. Public Health 2012;40(2):167-76.
  • 12. https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/tutun-mucadele-bagimlilik-db/duyurular/KGTA-2017
  • 13. Gorin SS, Heck JE. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of tobacco counseling by health care providers. Cancer Epidem Biomar 2004;13(12):2012-22.
  • 14. Gazete R. Tütün Mamullerinin Zararlarının Önlenmesine Dair Kanunda Değişiklik Yapılması Hakkında Kanun. Sayı; 2008.
  • 15. Evrengil E. Türkiye’de tütün ürünü piyasa düzenlemesi: tütün kontrolü bakış açısından bir değerlendirme. “31 Mayýs Tütünsüz Bir Dünya Günü” Nedeniyle STED Özel Sayı 2014:24.
  • 16. Yaşar Z, Kurt ÖK, Talay F, Kargı A. Bir yıllık sigara bırakma poliklinik sonuçlarımız: sigara bırakmada etkili olan faktörler. Eurasian J Pulmonol 2014;16:99-104.
  • 17. Cohen E, Mackenzie RG, Yates GL. HEADSS, a psychosocial risk assessment instrument: implications for designing effective intervention programs for runaway youth. J Adolesc Health 1991;12(7):539-44.
  • 18. Miller WR, Rollnick S, Karadağ F, Ögel K, Tezcan AE, Ayhan A. Motivasyonel görüşme: insanları değişime hazırlama: HYB Basım Yayın; 2009.
  • 19. Ögel K. Motivasyonel görüşme tekniği. Turkiye Klinikleri J Psychiatry-Special Topics 2009;2(2):41-4.
  • 20. Heckman CJ, Egleston BL, Hofmann MT. Efficacy of motivational interviewing for smoking cessation: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Tob Control 2010;19(5):410-6.
  • 21. Colby SM, Nargiso J, Tevyaw TOL, Barnett NP, Metrik J, Lewander W, et al. Enhanced motivational interviewing versus brief advice for adolescent smoking cessation: results from a randomized clinical trial. Addict Behav 2012;37(7):817-23.
  • 22. Colby SM, Monti PM, Tevyaw TOL, Barnett NP, Spirito A, Rohsenow DJ, et al. Brief motivational intervention for adolescent smokers in medical settings. Addict Behav 2005;30(5):865-74.
  • 23. Siqueira LM, Rolnitzky LM, Rickert VI. Smoking cessation in adolescents: the role of nicotine dependence, stress, and coping methods. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2001;155(4):489-95.
  • 24. Garrison MM, Christakis DA, Ebel BE, Wiehe SE, Rivara FP. Smoking cessation interventions for adolescents: a systematic review. Am J Prev Med 2003;25(4):363-7.
  • 25. Gillam S. Social pressures and resistance to cigarette smoking: a phenomenological study with young adolescent women: Memorial University of Newfoundland; 2000.
  • 26. Haug S, Schaub MP, Schmid H. Predictors of adolescent smoking cessation and smoking reduction. Patient Educ Couns 2014;95(3):378-83.
  • 27. Taioli E, Wynder E. Effect of the age at which smoking begins on frequency of smoking in adulthood. N Engl J Med 1991;325(13):968-9.
  • 28. Moran S, Wechsler H, Rigotti NA. Social smoking among US college students. Pediatrics 2004;114(4):1028-34.
  • 29. Kleinjan M, Engels RC, van Leeuwe J, Brug J, van Zundert RM, van den Eijnden RJ. Mechanisms of adolescent smoking cessation: Roles of readiness to quit, nicotine dependence, and smoking of parents and peers. Drug Alcohol Depen 2009;99(1-3):204-14.
  • 30. Diemert LM, Bondy SJ, Brown KS, Manske S. Young adult smoking cessation: predictors of quit attempts and abstinence. Am J Public Health 2013;103(3):449-53.
  • 31. Fidan F, Ebru P, Mehmet Ü, Sezer M, Ziya K. Sigara bırakmayı etkileyen faktörler ve uygulanan tedavilerin başarı oranları. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 2005;6(3):27-34.
  • 32. Reidpath DD, Davey TM, Kadirvelu A, Soyiri IN, Allotey P. Does one cigarette make an adolescent smoker, and is it influenced by age and age of smoking initiation? Evidence of association from the US Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (2011). Am J Prev Med 2014;59:37-41.
  • 33. Çuhadaroğlu-Çetin F. Ergenlikte Psikososyal Gelişim Özellikleri. Turkiye Klinikleri Pediatric Sciences-Special Topics 2006;2(7):6-8.
  • 34. Suris J-C, Michaud P-A, Akre C, Sawyer SM. Health risk behaviors in adolescents with chronic conditions. Pediatrics 2008;122(5):e1113-e8.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects ​Internal Diseases
Journal Section ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Authors

Demet Taş 0000-0003-2586-5740

Alkım Öden 0000-0001-8080-7127

Publication Date January 27, 2020
Submission Date September 24, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Taş D, Öden A. Smoking Cessation Intervention in Adolescents Using Motivational Interview in a Children’s Hospital in Turkey: A Pilot Study. Türkiye Çocuk Hast Derg. 2020;14(1):66-71.


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