Objective: Echocardiography is an important and pratical diagnostic tool for early diagnosis and follow-up of CHD. In our study, we aimed to evaluate the frequency, distribution of diagnoses and risk factors of cases diagnosed with CHD in the neonatal intensive care units (NICU) and neonatal services.
Material and Methods: 2766 patients who were followed in NICU and neonatal services between May 2013 and May 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. 365 newborn diagnosed with CHD of 762 babies were requested pediatric cardiology consultation were included in the study. Cases diagnosed with patent foramen ovale and patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) that closed in first 3 days were excluded from study.
Results: The frequency of CHD in our center was 13.2%. Most of the cases were term births, 60.5% of them were male and 30.9% were female.The most common reasons for hospitalization were respiratory diseases (28.3%). There was kinship between the parents of 19.9%.The most common reasons for cardiology consultation were murmur (27.4%), respiratory distress (15.9%) and prematurity (10.1%). Ninety six point two percent of the patients had acyanotic CHD, and 3.8% had cyanotic CHD. The most common acyanotic CHD, in order of frequency, were atrial septal defect (ASD) (40.8%), pulmonary stenosis (PS) (15.3%), PDA (13.4%), ventricular septal defect (VSD) (9.3%). The most common cyanotic CHD, in order of frequency, were hypoplastic left heart syndrome (1.1%), pulmonary atresia (0.8%) and double outlet right ventricle(0.8%). Seven point one percent of the patients had a genetic syndrome accompanying CHD, and Down syndrome was in the first place with 38.5%. Major extracardiac anomaly was found in 10.1% of the patients. While 9.3% were followed up as diabetic mothers’ babies, 20.6% of them had septal hypertrophy. One-time pulse oximetry measurements were made in our study. In 72.7% of the cyanotic CHD group SatO2 was less than 90%, whereas in 76.3% of the acyanotic CHH group, SatO2 was 95% and above, and it was found to be significantly different (p <0.05). It was observed that the hypoxemia accompanying acyanotic CHD was mostly due to respiratory diseases (66.7%). While 21 patient (5.8%) were referred to other centers for further examination and treatment, 25 patient (6.8%) were mostly lost due to sepsis.
Conclusion: Echocardiography seems to be an important diagnostic tool in newborns hospitalized in the NICU. Early detection of CHD will be beneficial in applying interventional procedures early and in reducing mortality and morbidity.
Amaç: Ekokardiyografi DKH’nin erken tanı ve izleminde önemli ve pratik bir tanı aracıdır. Çalışmamızda yenidoğan kliniğinde DKH tanısı alan olguların sıklığı, tanılarının dağılımı ve risk faktörleri açısından değerlendirilmesi amaçlandı.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Mayıs 2013-Mayıs 2017 tarihleri arasında YD servis ve yoğun bakımda takip edilen 2766 hasta geriye dönük incelendi. Kardiyoloji konsültasyonu istenen 762 term ve preterm YD’den DKH tanısı alan 365 bebek çalışmaya dahil edildi. Patent foramen ovale (PFO) ve ilk 3 günde kapanan patent duktus arteriozus (PDA) olguları çalışmaya dahil edilmedi.
Bulgular: Merkezimizde DKH sıklığı %13.2 olarak bulundu. Çoğunluğu term olan olguların %60.5’i erkek, %39.5’u kızdı. Hastaların en sık yatış nedeni solunumsal (%28.3)’dü. Yüzde 19.9’unun ebeveynleri arasında akrabalık mevcuttu. En sık kardiyoloji konsültasyonu istenme nedeni üfürüm (%27.4), solunum sıkıntısı (%15.9) ve prematürite (%10.1)’di. Hastaların %96.2’sinde asiyanotik, %3.8’inde siyanotik DKH vardı. Yenidoğanlarda en sık görülen asiyanotik DKH sırasıyla atriyal septal defekt (ASD) (%40.8), pulmoner darlık (PD) (%15.3), PDA (%13.4), ventriküler septal defekt (VSD) (%9.3) iken, siyanotik DKH sırasıyla hipoplastik sol kalp sendromu (HSKS) (%1.1), pulmoner atrezi (PA) (%0.8) ve çift çıkışlı sağ ventrikül (ÇÇSV) (%0.8)’di. Hastaların %7.1’inde DKH’ye eşlik eden genetik sendrom mevcut olup, bunların içinde %38.5 ile Down Sendromu ilk sırada yer almaktaydı. Hastaların %10.1’inde major ekstrakardiyak anomali saptanmıştır. Diyabetik anne bebeklerinin %20.6’sında septal hipertrofi görüldü. Çalışmamızda tek zamanlı nabız oksimetre ölçümleri yapılmış olup siyanotik DKH grubunun %72.7’sinde SatO2’nin <%90; asiyanotik DKH grubunun %76.3’ünde SatO2’nin ≥%95 olduğu ve anlamlı olarak farklı görüldü (p<0.05). Asiyanotik DKH’ye eşlik eden hipokseminin çoğunlukla solunumsal hastalıklara (%66.7) bağlı olduğu saptandı. Hastaların 21’i (%5.8) ileri tetkik ve tedavi amaçlı başka merkezlere sevk edilirken, 25’i (%6.8) de çoğunlukla sepsis nedeniyle kaybedildi.
Sonuç: Yenidoğan yoğun bakımda yatan bebeklerde ekokardiyografi önemli bir tanı aracı olarak gözükmektedir. Doğumsal kalp hastalıklarının erken saptanması girişimsel işlemlerin erken yapılmasına ve böylece mortalite ve morbiditenin azalmasında fayda sağlayacaktır.
Primary Language | Turkish |
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Subjects | Internal Diseases |
Journal Section | ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
Authors | |
Publication Date | May 30, 2022 |
Submission Date | March 29, 2021 |
Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 16 Issue: 3 |
The publication language of Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease is English.
Manuscripts submitted to the Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease will go through a double-blind peer-review process. Each submission will be reviewed by at least two external, independent peer reviewers who are experts in the field, in order to ensure an unbiased evaluation process. The editorial board will invite an external and independent editor to manage the evaluation processes of manuscripts submitted by editors or by the editorial board members of the journal. The Editor in Chief is the final authority in the decision-making process for all submissions. Articles accepted for publication in the Turkish Journal of Pediatrics are put in the order of publication, with at least 10 original articles in each issue, taking into account the acceptance dates. If the articles sent to the reviewers for evaluation are assessed as a senior for publication by the reviewers, the section editor and the editor considering all aspects (originality, high scientific quality and citation potential), it receives publication priority in addition to the articles assigned for the next issue.
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