Abstract
Objective: Adolescents with COVID-19 are usually asymptomatic or they have milder symptoms, but the psychological effects of the disease on adolescents is unknown. In our knowledge, to date no published studies have evaluated the anxiety status of adolescents with COVID-19 infection. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anxiety status of adolescents with COVID-19.
Material and Methods: Eighteen adolescents hospitalized with moderate symptoms of COVID-19 and seventeen adolescents non hospitalized with mild symptoms of COVID-19 and 29 healthy adolescents were enrolled in the study. The State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) questionnaire was performed to both groups and scores were compared.
Results: The adolescents with COVID-19 had significantly higher anxiety scores in the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) (p:0.019) and the Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI) (p:0.048) than healthy adolescents. Comparison of adolescents with mild and moderate symptoms showed no significant difference both in SAI (p:1.0) and TAI (p:0.98) scores.
Conclusion: COVID-19 has a psychological impact on adolescents causing higher anxiety scores independent from the disease severity.
Keywords
References
- Dong Y, Mo XI, Hu Y, Xin Qi, Jiang F, Jiang Z, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China. Pediatrics 2020;145:e20200702. [Epub ahead of print]
- Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, et al. Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17:1729-54.
- Zhou SJ, Zhang LG, Wang LL, Guo ZC, Wang JQ, Chen JC, et al. Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological health problems in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020;29:749-58.
- Li W, Yang Y, Liu ZH, Zhao YJ, Zhang Q, Zhang L, et al. Progression of Mental Health Services during the COVID-19 Outbreak in China. Int J Biol Sci 2020;16:1732-38.
- Öner N, Le Compte A. Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı. 1st ed. İstanbul, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Matbaası 1983;1-26.
- Julian LJ. Measures of anxiety: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety (HADS-A). Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2011;63:467-72.
- Zhang Y. The Epidemiological Characteristics of an Outbreak of an outbreak of 2019 novel Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) in China, 2020. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020;10;41:145-51.
- COVİD 19 Situation Report Turkey. Republic of Turkey Minisitry of Health. Time of Access 30.06.2020. Available from: http://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/
- Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet 2020;395:912–20.
- Barbisch D, Koenig KL, Shih FY. Is there a case for quarantine? Perspectives from SARS to Ebola. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2015;9:547–53.
- Ozamiz-Etxebarria N, Dosil-Santamaria M, Picaza-Gorrochategui M, Idoiaga-Mondragon N. Stress, anxiety, and depression levels in the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in a population sample in the northern Spain. Cad Saude Publica 2020 30;36:e00054020.
- Liang L, Ren H, Cao R, Hu Y, Qin Z, Li C, et al. The Effect of COVID-19 on Youth Mental Health. Psychiatr Q 2020;91:841-52.
- Chen F, Zheng D, Liu J, Gong Y, Guan Z, Lou D. Depression and anxiety among adolescents during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study. Brain Behav Immun 2020;88:36-8.
Abstract
Amaç: COVİD-19’lu adolesanlar genellikle asemptomatiktir ya da hafif belirtiler gösterirler ancak hastalığın adolesanlar üzerindeki psikolojik etkileri bilinmemektedir. Bildiğimiz kadarıyla şu ana kadar COVİD-19’lu adolesanların kaygı düzeyleri değerlendirilmemiştir. Bu çalışmada COVİD-19’lu adolesanların kaygı durumlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: COVİD-19 nedeniyle orta düzeyde semptom gösteren ve hastaneye yatan 18 adolesan, hafif semptom gösteren hastaneye yatmayan 17 adolesan ve 29 sağlıklı adolesan çalışmaya dahil edildi. Durumluluk sürekli kaygı ölçeği (STAI) anketi tüm gruplara uygulandı ve kaygı skorları karşılaştırıldı.
Bulgular: COVİD-19’lu adolesanların durumluluk kaygı ölçeği (SAI) (p:0.019) ve sürekli kaygı ölçeği (TAI) (p:0.048) skorları sağlıklı adolesanlara göre anlamlı yüksek saptandı. Hafif ve orta semptomlu adolesanların SAI (p:1.0) ve TAI (p:0.98) skorları karşılaştırmasında anlamlı fark saptanmadı.
Sonuç: COVİD-19’un adolesanlar üzerinde hastalık şiddetinden bağımsız olarak kaygı arttıran psikolojik bir etkisi vardır.
References
- Dong Y, Mo XI, Hu Y, Xin Qi, Jiang F, Jiang Z, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of 2143 pediatric patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in China. Pediatrics 2020;145:e20200702. [Epub ahead of print]
- Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, et al. Immediate Psychological Responses and Associated Factors during the Initial Stage of the 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic among the General Population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17:1729-54.
- Zhou SJ, Zhang LG, Wang LL, Guo ZC, Wang JQ, Chen JC, et al. Prevalence and socio-demographic correlates of psychological health problems in Chinese adolescents during the outbreak of COVID-19. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2020;29:749-58.
- Li W, Yang Y, Liu ZH, Zhao YJ, Zhang Q, Zhang L, et al. Progression of Mental Health Services during the COVID-19 Outbreak in China. Int J Biol Sci 2020;16:1732-38.
- Öner N, Le Compte A. Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri El Kitabı. 1st ed. İstanbul, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Matbaası 1983;1-26.
- Julian LJ. Measures of anxiety: State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety (HADS-A). Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2011;63:467-72.
- Zhang Y. The Epidemiological Characteristics of an Outbreak of an outbreak of 2019 novel Coronavirus Diseases (COVID-19) in China, 2020. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2020;10;41:145-51.
- COVİD 19 Situation Report Turkey. Republic of Turkey Minisitry of Health. Time of Access 30.06.2020. Available from: http://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/
- Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet 2020;395:912–20.
- Barbisch D, Koenig KL, Shih FY. Is there a case for quarantine? Perspectives from SARS to Ebola. Disaster Med Public Health Prep 2015;9:547–53.
- Ozamiz-Etxebarria N, Dosil-Santamaria M, Picaza-Gorrochategui M, Idoiaga-Mondragon N. Stress, anxiety, and depression levels in the initial stage of the COVID-19 outbreak in a population sample in the northern Spain. Cad Saude Publica 2020 30;36:e00054020.
- Liang L, Ren H, Cao R, Hu Y, Qin Z, Li C, et al. The Effect of COVID-19 on Youth Mental Health. Psychiatr Q 2020;91:841-52.
- Chen F, Zheng D, Liu J, Gong Y, Guan Z, Lou D. Depression and anxiety among adolescents during COVID-19: A cross-sectional study. Brain Behav Immun 2020;88:36-8.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Internal Diseases |
| Journal Section | ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | May 30, 2022 |
| Submission Date | March 29, 2021 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 16 Issue: 3 |
The publication language of Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease is English.
Manuscripts submitted to the Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease will go through a double-blind peer-review process. Each submission will be reviewed by at least two external, independent peer reviewers who are experts in the field, in order to ensure an unbiased evaluation process. The editorial board will invite an external and independent editor to manage the evaluation processes of manuscripts submitted by editors or by the editorial board members of the journal. The Editor in Chief is the final authority in the decision-making process for all submissions. Articles accepted for publication in the Turkish Journal of Pediatrics are put in the order of publication, with at least 10 original articles in each issue, taking into account the acceptance dates. If the articles sent to the reviewers for evaluation are assessed as a senior for publication by the reviewers, the section editor and the editor considering all aspects (originality, high scientific quality and citation potential), it receives publication priority in addition to the articles assigned for the next issue.
The aim of the Turkish Journal of Pediatrics is to publish high-quality original research articles that will contribute to the international literature in the field of general pediatric health and diseases and its sub-branches. It also publishes editorial opinions, letters to the editor, reviews, case reports, book reviews, comments on previously published articles, meeting and conference proceedings, announcements, and biography. In addition to the field of child health and diseases, the journal also includes articles prepared in fields such as surgery, dentistry, public health, nutrition and dietetics, social services, human genetics, basic sciences, psychology, psychiatry, educational sciences, sociology and nursing, provided that they are related to this field. can be published.