Amaç: Pandemi dönemi sonrasında günlük rutinler değişti ve bu durum ailelerin yaşam kalitesinde ciddi bir düşüşe neden oldu. Pandemi döneminin ve eğitim kurumlarının kapatılmasının otizm spektrum bozukluğu (OSB) olan çocukların ve ailelerinin yaşam kalitesini nasıl etkilediğini göstermeyi amaçladık.
Yöntem: Çalışma tanımlayıcı tipte bir araştırmadır. Araştırmanın evrenini, pandemi öncesinde en az 6 ay boyunca Trabzon ilindeki özel eğitim ve rehabilitasyon merkezleri ile eğitim uygulama okullarına devam eden, Trabzon Otizm Derneğine kayıtlı, 3-16 yaş arası OSB tanısı alan çocukların aileleri ve Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Çocuk Nöroloji Polikliniğinde takipli olgular oluşturdu.
Tüm OSB'li ailelere ulaşılması hedeflenmiştir. Ailelerden tasarladığımız anketi doldurmaları istendi. Veriler prospektif olarak yüz yüze toplanmıştır. Anket altı bölümden oluşmaktadır: çocukların ve ebeveynlerin sosyo demografik ve kişisel özellikleri; pandemi döneminde yaşanan eğitim sorunları; pandemi döneminde günlük rutinlerin hem çocuklar hem de aileler üzerindeki etkisi; Otizmde Yaşam Kalitesi Anketi-Ebeveyn Versiyonu; ve Ebeveyn Tükenmişliği Ölçeği.
Bulgular: 169 veli ile iletişime geçildi. Annelerin anketi doldurma oranları babalardan daha yüksekti (%73.1'e karşı %26,9). Okullara devam oranı %11.9 azalırken, düzenli eğitime ulaşılabilirlik %8.1 azaldı. Pandemi, fiziksel aktivitede azalma, uyku süresi ve süresinde değişiklik, düzenli beslenme alışkanlıklarında bozulma gibi hayatın birçok alanında ailelerin ve çocukların günlük rutinlerinde değişikliklere neden olmuştur (sırasıyla p = 0.035; 0.001; 0.004; 0.001). Sonuç olarak günlük rutinleri değişen ebeveynlerin yaşam kalitesi azalmıştır. Tükenmişlik düzeylerinin anlamlı düzeyde arttığı ve PBS toplam puanı ile QoLA puanlarının orta düzeyde anlamlı bir korelasyona sahip olduğu bulunmuştur (rs = 0.411, p<0.001).
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemisinin OSB'li çocukların eğitim sürecini olumsuz etkilediğini gösterdik. Ailelerin yaşam kalitesini artırmak ve tükenmişlik düzeylerini azaltmak amacıyla, pandemi dönemlerinde OSB'li çocuklara ek hizmet olanakları (parklar, oyun alanları, hobi merkezleri vb.) ve özel psikiyatri hizmetlerinin sağlanmasını öneriyoruz.
Background: After the pandemic period, the daily routines changed, and this caused a significant decrease in families’ quality of life. We aimed to show how the pandemic period and closure of educational institutions influenced children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their families’ quality of life.
Method: The study is a descriptive type of research. The study population consists of families of children aged between 3 and 16 diagnosed with ASD who attended special education and rehabilitation centers and educational practice schools in Trabzon for at least 6 months before the pandemic, registered with the Trabzon Autism Association, and were followed at the Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Pediatric Neurology Polyclinic.
Families were asked to complete the questionnaire we designed. The data was collected face-to-face prospectively. The questionnaire consisted of six parts: sociodemographic and personal characteristics of children and parents; education problems during the pandemic period; the effect of daily routines during the pandemic period on both children and families; the Quality of Life in Autism Questionnaire-Parent Version; and the Parental Burnout Scale.
Results: We contacted 169 parents. Mothers were more likely than fathers to complete the questionnaire (73.1% vs. 26.9%). School attendance decreased by 11.9%, while regular education availability fell by 8.1%. The pandemic has caused changes in the daily routines of families and children in many areas of life, such as decreased physical activity, changes in sleep duration and time, and deterioration in regular eating habits (p = 0.035; 0.001; 0.004; 0.001, respectively). The QoL of parents whose daily schedules changed decreased as a result. Our study found that their levels of burnout significantly increased, and the PBS total score and the QoLA scores had a moderately significant correlation (rs = 0.411, p<0.001).
Conclusions: In this study, we showed that the COVID-19 epidemic negatively affected the education process of children with ASD. In order to improve the QoL of families and reduce burnout levels, we suggest providing additional service opportunities (parks, playgrounds, hobby centers, etc.) and special psychiatric services for children with ASD during pandemic periods.
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Primary Language | English |
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Subjects | Clinical Sciences (Other) |
Journal Section | ORIGINAL ARTICLES |
Authors | |
Early Pub Date | October 26, 2023 |
Publication Date | January 10, 2024 |
Submission Date | August 28, 2023 |
Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 18 Issue: 1 |
The publication language of Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease is English.
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