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The Udi language: Its History and Modern Development

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 22, 55 - 72, 14.02.2023

Abstract

The paper presents an overview of Udi, a Nakh-Daghestanian language of the Lezgic branch and an indigenous language of Azerbaijan. After a general introduction about the Udi people and their language, I focus on the history of the study of Udi and Caucasian Albanian, on the development of modern writing systems for Udi, as well as the existing publications and media in Udi. The paper then continues with brief linguistic characteristics of Udi against the backdrop of genealogical and areal features.

References

  • Abuladze, Il´ja V. (1938). K otkrytiju alfavita kavkazskix albancev [On the discovery of the alphabet of Caucasian Albanians]. Izvestija Instituta jazyka, istorii i material´noj kul'tury im. akad. N. Ja. Marra. 4(1). 69–71.
  • Alekseev, Mikhail E. (1985). Voprosy sravnitel´no-istoričeskoj grammatiki lezginskix jazykov. Morfologija. Sintaksis [Problems of the comparative-historical reconstruction of the grammar of Lezgic languages: Morphology. Syntax]. Moscow: Nauka.
  • Alekseev, Mikhail E., Timur A. Maisak, Dmitrij S. Ganenkov & Jurij A. Lander (eds.) (2008). Udinskij sbornik: grammatika, leksika, istorija jazyka [The Udi collection: Grammar, lexicon, language history]. Moscow: Academia.
  • Bežanov, Semёn (1902). Gospoda Našego Iisusa Xrista Svjatoe evangelie ot Matfeja, Marka, Luki i Ioanna na russkom i udinskom jazykax [The Holy Gospel according to Matthew, Mark, Luke and John in Russian and Udi]. Sbornik materialov dlja opisanija mestnostej i plemen Kavkaza, XXX.
  • Clifton, John M., Deborah A. Clifton, Peter Kirk & Roar Ljøkjell (2005). The sociolinguistic situation of the Udi in Azerbaijan. In John M. Clifton (ed.), Studies in languages of Azerbaijan, vol. 1, 107–123. Baku: Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan & St. Petersburg, Russia: SIL International. Available online at https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/9063
  • Dirr, A[dolf]. M. (1903). Grammatika udinskogo jazyka [Udi grammar]. Sbornik materialov dlja opisanija mestnostej i plemen Kavkaza, XXXIII. Dirr, Adolf. 1928. Udische Texte. Caucasica 5. 60–72.
  • Fähnrich, Heinz (1999). Kleines Udisch-Deutsches Worterverzeichnis. Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat.
  • Ganenkov, Dmitry (2015). Infinitival Complementation from Caucasian Albanian to Modern. Udi. Journal of Historical Linguistics 5 (1). 110–138.
  • Ganenkov, Dmitry, Yury Lander & Timur Maisak (2008). Udinskij jazyk (nidžskij dialekt) [Udi language (Nizh dialect)]. In Aleksandr E. Kibrik (ed.), Malye jazyki i tradicii: suš’estvovanie na grani, vyp. 2: Teksty i slovarnye materialy, 232–259. Moscow: Jazyki slavjanskix kul’tur.
  • Ganenkov, Dmitry, Yury Lander & Timur Maisak (2010). From interrogatives to placeholders in Udi and Agul spontaneous narratives. In Nino Amiridze, Boyd Davis & Margaret Maclagan (eds.), Fillers, pauses and placeholders, 95–118. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Gippert, Jost & Jasmine Dum-Tragut (eds.) (2023). Caucasian Albania: An International Handbook. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Gippert, Jost & Wolfgang Schulze (2007). Some Remarks on the Caucasian Albanian Palimpsests. Iran and the Caucasus 11(2). 201–211.
  • Gippert, Jost, Wolfgang Schulze, Zaza Aleksidze & Jean-Pierre Mahé (2008) The Caucasian Albanian palimpsests of Mount Sinai. Edition and interpretation. 2 vols. Turnhout: Brepols.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1963). Nidžskij dialekt udinskogo jazyka (zvukovoj sostav i nekotorye fonetičeskie processy) [The Nizh dialect of Udi: sound inventory and some phonetic processes]. Izvestija Akademii nauk Azerbajdžanskoj SSR. Serija obščestvennyx nauk 3. 79–90.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1968). Frazeologičeskie kal´kirovanija v udinskom jazyke [Azerbaijani phraseological calques in Udi]. Voprosy frazeologii i sostavlenija frazeologičeskix slovarej, 167–170. Baku.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1972). K trex"jazyčiju udin [On the trilingualism of the Udis]. Problemy dvujazyčija i mnogojazyčija, 286–295. Moscow.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1973). Vzaimootnošenija azerbajdžanskogo i udinskogo jazykov [Relations between the Azerbaijani and Udi languages]. Avtoreferat dissertacii doktora filologičeskix nauk. Baku: Elm.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1974). Udinsko-azerbajdžansko-russkij slovar´ [Udi-Azerbaijani-Russian dictionary]. Baku: Elm.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1978). O fonemnom novoobrazovanii [On the genesis of phonemes]. Sovetskaja tjurkologija 5. 33–43.
  • Harris, Alice C. (2002). Endoclitics and the origins of Udi morphosyntax. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Johanson, Lars (2006). On the roles of Turkic in the Caucasus area. In Yaron Matras, April McMahon & Nigel Vincent (eds.), Linguistic areas: Convergence in historical and typological perspective, 160–181. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kassian, Alexei (2015). Towards a formal genealogical classification of the Lezgian languages (North Caucasus): Testing various phylogenetic methods on lexical data. PLoS ONE 10(2). 1–25. Available online at http://journals.plos.org/ plosone/article?id=10.1371/ journal.pone.0116950
  • Lander, Yury (2011). The adrelative genitive in Udi: Syntactic borrowing plus reanalysis. In Vittorio Springfield Tomelleri, Manana Topadze & Anna Lukianowicz (eds.), Languages and Cultures in the Caucasus. Papers from the International Conference “Current Advances in Caucasian Studies”, Macerata, January 21–23, 2010, 325–349. München, Berlin: Verlag Otto Sagner.
  • Lander, Yury [Jurij A.] (2014). Pokazatel´ ki v udinskom jazyke: problema dlja lokusa markirovanija i sintaksičeskoj struktury [The marker ki in Udi: a problem for the locus of marking and syntactic structure]. In Mikhail A. Danièl´, Ekaterina A. Ljutikova, Vladimir A. Plungjan, Sergej G. Tatevosov & Ol´ga V. Fedorova (eds.). Jazyk. Konstanty. Peremennye. Pamjati Aleksandra Evgen´jeviča Kibrika, 485–498. Moscow: Jazyki slavjanskoj kul'tury.
  • Lander, Yury & Timur Maisak (2021). “Other” Strategies in the Eastern Caucasus (Part I): Data from Udi. Iran and the Caucasus 25(3): 272–283.
  • Lolua, Roman (2010). Udiuri ena (gramat’ik’uli analizi, tekst’ebi, leksik’oni) [Udi language: grammatical analysis, texts, lexicon]. Tbilisi. Available online at http://www.ice.ge/new/ pages/samples/books/cavcas/ 6_r_lolua_udiuri_ena.pdf
  • Maisak [Majsak], Timur A. (2005). Pjat´ udinskix pesen: teksty, morfologičeskij razbor, kommentarii [Five Udi songs: texts, morphological annotation, comments]. Kavkazovedenie 9. 83–98.
  • Maisak [Majsak], Timur A. (2008). Varianty udinskoj orfografii i transkripcii (kratkij obzor) [Variants of Udi orthography and transcription: An overview]. In Mikhail E. Alekseev, Timur A. Maisak, Dmitrij S. Ganenkov & Jurij A. Lander (eds.), Udinskij sbornik: grammatika, leksika, istorija jazyka, 443–460. Moscow: Academia.
  • Maisak [Majsak], Timur A. (2010). K publikacii kavkazsko-albanskix palimpsestov iz Sinajskogo monastyrja [On the publication of Caucasian Albanian palimpsests from the Mount Sinai Monastery]. Voprosy jazykoznanija 6. 88–107.
  • Maisak [Majsak], Timur A. (2015). Pozicija ličnyx klitik v udinskom jazyke po korpusnym dannym [The placement of person clitics in Udi according to corpus data]. In Ekaterina A. Ljutikova, Anton V. Cimmerling & Maria B. Konošenko (eds.), Tipologija morfosintaksičeskix parametrov. Materialy meždunarodnoj konferencii «Tipologija morfosintaksičeskix parametrov 2015». Vyp. 2, 243–265. Moscow: MPGU.
  • Maisak [Majsak], Timur A. (2017). Soglasovanie po množestvennomu čislu v udinskom jazyke [Plural agreement in Udi]. Acta Linguistica Petropolitana 13(1). 680–724.
  • Maisak, Timur (2018). The Aorist / Perfect distinction in Nizh Udi. In Diana Forker & Timur Maisak (eds.), The semantics of verbal categories in Nakh-Daghestanian languages: Tense, aspect, evidentiality, mood/modality, 120–165. Leiden: Brill.
  • Maisak, Timur (2019a). Borrowing from an unrelated language in support of intragenetic tendencies: the case of the conditional clitic -sa in Udi. Diachronica 36(3). 337–383.
  • Maisak [Majsak], Timur A. (2019b). Perevody «Otče naš» v istorii udinskogo jazyka [Translations of the Lord’s Prayer in the history of Udi]. Rodnoj jazyk: lingvističeskij žurnal 1. 114–145.
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Udi Dili: Tarihi ve Modern Gelişimi

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 22, 55 - 72, 14.02.2023

Abstract

Makalede Lezgi koluna bağlı bir Nah-Dağıstan dili ve Azerbaycan'ın yerli dili olan Udi diline genel bir bakış sunulmaktadır. Udi halkı ve dili hakkında genel bir giriş yapıldıktan sonra, Udi dili ve Kafkas Albancası ile ilgili çalışmaların tarihine, Udi dili için modern yazı sistemlerinin gelişimine ve Udi dilinde mevcut yayınlara ve medyaya odaklanılmaktadır. Makale daha sonra, Udi dilinin soyağacı ve bölgesel arka planında kısa dilbilimsel özelliklerin sunumuyla devam etmektedir.

References

  • Abuladze, Il´ja V. (1938). K otkrytiju alfavita kavkazskix albancev [On the discovery of the alphabet of Caucasian Albanians]. Izvestija Instituta jazyka, istorii i material´noj kul'tury im. akad. N. Ja. Marra. 4(1). 69–71.
  • Alekseev, Mikhail E. (1985). Voprosy sravnitel´no-istoričeskoj grammatiki lezginskix jazykov. Morfologija. Sintaksis [Problems of the comparative-historical reconstruction of the grammar of Lezgic languages: Morphology. Syntax]. Moscow: Nauka.
  • Alekseev, Mikhail E., Timur A. Maisak, Dmitrij S. Ganenkov & Jurij A. Lander (eds.) (2008). Udinskij sbornik: grammatika, leksika, istorija jazyka [The Udi collection: Grammar, lexicon, language history]. Moscow: Academia.
  • Bežanov, Semёn (1902). Gospoda Našego Iisusa Xrista Svjatoe evangelie ot Matfeja, Marka, Luki i Ioanna na russkom i udinskom jazykax [The Holy Gospel according to Matthew, Mark, Luke and John in Russian and Udi]. Sbornik materialov dlja opisanija mestnostej i plemen Kavkaza, XXX.
  • Clifton, John M., Deborah A. Clifton, Peter Kirk & Roar Ljøkjell (2005). The sociolinguistic situation of the Udi in Azerbaijan. In John M. Clifton (ed.), Studies in languages of Azerbaijan, vol. 1, 107–123. Baku: Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan & St. Petersburg, Russia: SIL International. Available online at https://www.sil.org/resources/archives/9063
  • Dirr, A[dolf]. M. (1903). Grammatika udinskogo jazyka [Udi grammar]. Sbornik materialov dlja opisanija mestnostej i plemen Kavkaza, XXXIII. Dirr, Adolf. 1928. Udische Texte. Caucasica 5. 60–72.
  • Fähnrich, Heinz (1999). Kleines Udisch-Deutsches Worterverzeichnis. Jena: Friedrich-Schiller-Universitat.
  • Ganenkov, Dmitry (2015). Infinitival Complementation from Caucasian Albanian to Modern. Udi. Journal of Historical Linguistics 5 (1). 110–138.
  • Ganenkov, Dmitry, Yury Lander & Timur Maisak (2008). Udinskij jazyk (nidžskij dialekt) [Udi language (Nizh dialect)]. In Aleksandr E. Kibrik (ed.), Malye jazyki i tradicii: suš’estvovanie na grani, vyp. 2: Teksty i slovarnye materialy, 232–259. Moscow: Jazyki slavjanskix kul’tur.
  • Ganenkov, Dmitry, Yury Lander & Timur Maisak (2010). From interrogatives to placeholders in Udi and Agul spontaneous narratives. In Nino Amiridze, Boyd Davis & Margaret Maclagan (eds.), Fillers, pauses and placeholders, 95–118. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
  • Gippert, Jost & Jasmine Dum-Tragut (eds.) (2023). Caucasian Albania: An International Handbook. Berlin: De Gruyter.
  • Gippert, Jost & Wolfgang Schulze (2007). Some Remarks on the Caucasian Albanian Palimpsests. Iran and the Caucasus 11(2). 201–211.
  • Gippert, Jost, Wolfgang Schulze, Zaza Aleksidze & Jean-Pierre Mahé (2008) The Caucasian Albanian palimpsests of Mount Sinai. Edition and interpretation. 2 vols. Turnhout: Brepols.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1963). Nidžskij dialekt udinskogo jazyka (zvukovoj sostav i nekotorye fonetičeskie processy) [The Nizh dialect of Udi: sound inventory and some phonetic processes]. Izvestija Akademii nauk Azerbajdžanskoj SSR. Serija obščestvennyx nauk 3. 79–90.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1968). Frazeologičeskie kal´kirovanija v udinskom jazyke [Azerbaijani phraseological calques in Udi]. Voprosy frazeologii i sostavlenija frazeologičeskix slovarej, 167–170. Baku.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1972). K trex"jazyčiju udin [On the trilingualism of the Udis]. Problemy dvujazyčija i mnogojazyčija, 286–295. Moscow.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1973). Vzaimootnošenija azerbajdžanskogo i udinskogo jazykov [Relations between the Azerbaijani and Udi languages]. Avtoreferat dissertacii doktora filologičeskix nauk. Baku: Elm.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1974). Udinsko-azerbajdžansko-russkij slovar´ [Udi-Azerbaijani-Russian dictionary]. Baku: Elm.
  • Gukasjan, Vorošil L. (1978). O fonemnom novoobrazovanii [On the genesis of phonemes]. Sovetskaja tjurkologija 5. 33–43.
  • Harris, Alice C. (2002). Endoclitics and the origins of Udi morphosyntax. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Johanson, Lars (2006). On the roles of Turkic in the Caucasus area. In Yaron Matras, April McMahon & Nigel Vincent (eds.), Linguistic areas: Convergence in historical and typological perspective, 160–181. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kassian, Alexei (2015). Towards a formal genealogical classification of the Lezgian languages (North Caucasus): Testing various phylogenetic methods on lexical data. PLoS ONE 10(2). 1–25. Available online at http://journals.plos.org/ plosone/article?id=10.1371/ journal.pone.0116950
  • Lander, Yury (2011). The adrelative genitive in Udi: Syntactic borrowing plus reanalysis. In Vittorio Springfield Tomelleri, Manana Topadze & Anna Lukianowicz (eds.), Languages and Cultures in the Caucasus. Papers from the International Conference “Current Advances in Caucasian Studies”, Macerata, January 21–23, 2010, 325–349. München, Berlin: Verlag Otto Sagner.
  • Lander, Yury [Jurij A.] (2014). Pokazatel´ ki v udinskom jazyke: problema dlja lokusa markirovanija i sintaksičeskoj struktury [The marker ki in Udi: a problem for the locus of marking and syntactic structure]. In Mikhail A. Danièl´, Ekaterina A. Ljutikova, Vladimir A. Plungjan, Sergej G. Tatevosov & Ol´ga V. Fedorova (eds.). Jazyk. Konstanty. Peremennye. Pamjati Aleksandra Evgen´jeviča Kibrika, 485–498. Moscow: Jazyki slavjanskoj kul'tury.
  • Lander, Yury & Timur Maisak (2021). “Other” Strategies in the Eastern Caucasus (Part I): Data from Udi. Iran and the Caucasus 25(3): 272–283.
  • Lolua, Roman (2010). Udiuri ena (gramat’ik’uli analizi, tekst’ebi, leksik’oni) [Udi language: grammatical analysis, texts, lexicon]. Tbilisi. Available online at http://www.ice.ge/new/ pages/samples/books/cavcas/ 6_r_lolua_udiuri_ena.pdf
  • Maisak [Majsak], Timur A. (2005). Pjat´ udinskix pesen: teksty, morfologičeskij razbor, kommentarii [Five Udi songs: texts, morphological annotation, comments]. Kavkazovedenie 9. 83–98.
  • Maisak [Majsak], Timur A. (2008). Varianty udinskoj orfografii i transkripcii (kratkij obzor) [Variants of Udi orthography and transcription: An overview]. In Mikhail E. Alekseev, Timur A. Maisak, Dmitrij S. Ganenkov & Jurij A. Lander (eds.), Udinskij sbornik: grammatika, leksika, istorija jazyka, 443–460. Moscow: Academia.
  • Maisak [Majsak], Timur A. (2010). K publikacii kavkazsko-albanskix palimpsestov iz Sinajskogo monastyrja [On the publication of Caucasian Albanian palimpsests from the Mount Sinai Monastery]. Voprosy jazykoznanija 6. 88–107.
  • Maisak [Majsak], Timur A. (2015). Pozicija ličnyx klitik v udinskom jazyke po korpusnym dannym [The placement of person clitics in Udi according to corpus data]. In Ekaterina A. Ljutikova, Anton V. Cimmerling & Maria B. Konošenko (eds.), Tipologija morfosintaksičeskix parametrov. Materialy meždunarodnoj konferencii «Tipologija morfosintaksičeskix parametrov 2015». Vyp. 2, 243–265. Moscow: MPGU.
  • Maisak [Majsak], Timur A. (2017). Soglasovanie po množestvennomu čislu v udinskom jazyke [Plural agreement in Udi]. Acta Linguistica Petropolitana 13(1). 680–724.
  • Maisak, Timur (2018). The Aorist / Perfect distinction in Nizh Udi. In Diana Forker & Timur Maisak (eds.), The semantics of verbal categories in Nakh-Daghestanian languages: Tense, aspect, evidentiality, mood/modality, 120–165. Leiden: Brill.
  • Maisak, Timur (2019a). Borrowing from an unrelated language in support of intragenetic tendencies: the case of the conditional clitic -sa in Udi. Diachronica 36(3). 337–383.
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Linguistics
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Timur Maısak 0000-0001-6794-0978

Publication Date February 14, 2023
Submission Date January 3, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 22

Cite

APA Maısak, T. (2023). The Udi language: Its History and Modern Development. Tehlikedeki Diller Dergisi, 13(22), 55-72.
AMA Maısak T. The Udi language: Its History and Modern Development. JofEL. February 2023;13(22):55-72.
Chicago Maısak, Timur. “The Udi Language: Its History and Modern Development”. Tehlikedeki Diller Dergisi 13, no. 22 (February 2023): 55-72.
EndNote Maısak T (February 1, 2023) The Udi language: Its History and Modern Development. Tehlikedeki Diller Dergisi 13 22 55–72.
IEEE T. Maısak, “The Udi language: Its History and Modern Development”, JofEL, vol. 13, no. 22, pp. 55–72, 2023.
ISNAD Maısak, Timur. “The Udi Language: Its History and Modern Development”. Tehlikedeki Diller Dergisi 13/22 (February 2023), 55-72.
JAMA Maısak T. The Udi language: Its History and Modern Development. JofEL. 2023;13:55–72.
MLA Maısak, Timur. “The Udi Language: Its History and Modern Development”. Tehlikedeki Diller Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 22, 2023, pp. 55-72.
Vancouver Maısak T. The Udi language: Its History and Modern Development. JofEL. 2023;13(22):55-72.

Journal of Endangered Languages (JofEL)

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