Effects of Regular and Continuous Exercise on Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effects of intense acute exercise and regular and continuous exercise on oxidative stress parameters and apoptosis-related Bax and Bcl-2 protein levels in rats. In the study, 1 control and 4 experimental groups were formed from 35 male Wistar-Albino rats, 7 in each group. The control group was not exercised, the other four groups exercised at a speed of 1.5 km/h for 1 hour on a 20 degree incline treadmill every day. Control and 1st group at the end of the 1st day, 2nd group 7th day, 3rd group 15th day and 4th group 30th day were sacrificed under anesthesia. Malondialdehyde (MDA) as an indicator of lipid peroxidation, and Glutathione (GSH), Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels as an antioxidant indicator in muscle and plasma levels were measured. Bax and Bcl-2 protein expression levels were also checked for apoptosis in skeletal muscle. According to the results obtained, skeletal muscle and plasma MDA values increased after acute exercise (P<0.05), while skeletal muscle and plasma GSH-Px, CAT values increased significantly after continuing regular and continuous exercise (P<0.01). It was observed that Bax protein expression level increased, Bcl-2 protein expression level decreased and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio increased in acute exercise (p<0.05). As a result, it was concluded that regular and continuous exercise has a protective effect against oxidative stress and apoptosis triggered by acute exercise can be suppressed by regular and continuous exercise.

Keywords

• Exercise
• Oksidative stress
• Apoptosis
• Bax/Bcl-2

Düzenli ve Sürekli Egzersizin Oksidatif Stres ve Apoptozise Etkisi

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, ratlarda zorlayıcı veya yoğun bir şekilde yapılan akut egzersiz ile düzenli ve sürekli olarak yapılan egzersizin oksidatif stres parametreleri ve apoptozis ile ilişkili Bax ve Bcl-2 protein düzeyleri üzerine etkisinin araştırılması amaçlandı. Çalışmada 35 adet Wistar-Albino ırkı erkek sıçanlardan, her grupta 7 adet olacak şekilde 1 kontrol ve 4 deney grubu oluşturuldu. Kontrol grubuna egzersiz yaptırılmadı, diğer dört gruba her gün 20 derece eğimli koşu bandında 1 saat boyunca 1.5 km/h hızında egzersiz yaptırıldı. Kontrol ve 1.grup 1. günün, 2.grup 7. günün, 3.grup 15. günün ve 4.grup 30. günün sonunda, anestezi altında sakrifiye edildi. Kas ve plazmada, lipid peroksidasyonunun göstergesi olarak Malondialdehit(MDA), antioksidan göstergesi olarak Glutatyon(GSH), Katalaz(CAT), Glutatyon Peroksidaz(GSH-Px) seviyelerine bakıldı. İskelet kasındaki apoptozis için de Bax ve Bcl-2 protein ekspresyon düzeylerine bakıldı. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, akut egzersiz sonrası iskelet kası ve plazma MDA değerleri yükselirken (P<0,05), düzenli ve sürekli egzersize devam ettikten sonra, iskelet kası ve plazma GSH-Px, CAT değerlerinde anlamlı artış olduğu belirlendi (P<0,01). Akut egzersizde Bax protein eksprasyon düzeyinin arttığı, Bcl-2 protein eksprasyon düzeyinin azaldığı ve Bax/Bcl-2 oranın arttığı (p<0,05) görüldü. Sonuç olarak, düzenli ve sürekli egzersizin oksidatif strese karşı koruyucu etkisinin olduğu ve akut egzersizle tetiklenen apoptozisin düzenli ve sürekli egzersizle baskılanabileceği kanısına varıldı.

Keywords

• Egzersiz
• Oksidatif stres
• Apoptozis
• Bax/Bcl-2

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