Kenevirde (Cannabis sativa L.) Detaylı Karyotip Analizi, Karyotip Asimetrisi ve Poliploidi

Abstract

Kenevir (Cannabis sativa L.), diploid kromozom sayısı 2n = 20 olan ve sanayi başta olmak üzere birçok alanda kullanılan ekonomik bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, diploid kromozom sayısı 2n = 20 olarak bilinen bitkinin beş farklı genotipini kullanarak detaylı karyotip analizini ve detaylı kromozomal ölçümlerini yapmak, karyotip asimetrisini ilk kez belirlemek ve poliploidi varyasyonlarını araştırmaktır. Diploid kromozom sayısı ve karyotip formülü, 2n = 2x = 20 = 18m + 2sm’dir. Karyotip, küçük metasentrik ve submetasentrik kromozomlara sahiptir. En küçük kromozom uzunluğu, en büyük kromozom uzunluğu, toplam haploid kromozom uzunluğu ve ortalama haploid kromozom uzunluğu sırasıyla 2.41, 3.55, 29.87 ve 2.99 μm’dir. İntrakromozomal ve interkromozomal karyotip asimetrileri, MCA (ortalama sentromerik asimetri) ve CVCL (kromozom uzunluğunun varyasyon katsayısı) parametreleri kullanılarak hesaplandı. Asimetri değerlerine göre tür oldukça simetrik karyotipe sahiptir. Diploid kromozom sayısı 2n = 20 olarak bilinmesine rağmen detaylı karyotip analizi ve karyotip asimetri verileri ilk kez bu çalışma ile ortaya konmuştur. Ayrıca beş farklı genotip üzerinde yapılan çalışmada bir genotipte poliploidi varyasyonu tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Kenevir
• Kromozom
• Karyoloji

The Detailed Karyotype Analysis, Karyotype Asymmetry and Polyploidy in Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)

Abstract

Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) is an economical plant with a diploid chromosome number of 2n = 20 and used in many areas, especially in industry. The aim of this study is to perform detailed karyotype analysis and detailed chromosomal measurements using five different genotypes of the plant known as diploid chromosome number 2n = 20, to determine the karyotype asymmetry for the first time, and to investigate the polyploidy variations. The diploid chromosome number and karyotype formula were 2n = 2x = 20 = 18m + 2sm. The karyotype had small metacentric and submetacentric chromosomes. The smallest chromosome length, largest chromosome length, total haploid chromosome length, and average haploid chromosome length were 2.41, 3.55, 29.87, and 2.99 μm, respectively. Intrachromosomal and interchromosomal karyotype asymmetries were calculated using many different parameters, mainly MCA (mean centromeric asymmetry) and CVCL (variation coefficient of chromosome length). According to the asymmetry values, the species had quite symmetrical karyotype. Although the diploid chromosome number was known as 2n = 20, detailed karyotype analysis and karyotype asymmetry data were presented for the first time by this study. In addition, in the study carried out on five different genotypes, polyploidy variation was detected in one genotype.

Keywords

• Hemp
• Chromosome
• Karyology

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