Comparative Analysis of Antioxidant Properties of Extracts Obtained from Bingöl Propolis with Different Solvents

Abstract

Propolis is a valuable bee product collected by honeybees from plants, especially flowers and buds, and enriched with wax and resin. Bees use propolis for defense, support and protection within the hive. The chemical composition and biological activities of propolis vary depending on factors such as the region where it is collected, plant source, extraction method and solvent selection. This study aimed to determine appropriate extraction methods to optimize the potential applications of propolis by examining the effects of different solvents on biologically active substances. Propolis samples collected from Bingöl province were extracted using six different solvents (70% ethanol, 99.9% ethanol, distilled water, hexane + ethyl alcohol mixture and grape vinegar). The total phenolic and flavonoid content of the obtained extracts and their antioxidant activities were analyzed by the DPPH method. It was revealed that among the solvents, hexane + 70% ethanol had the highest total phenolic (461,16 ±0,5 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (368.10 ±1.92mg QE/g) content and showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging capacity 82,95 ± 0,43% inhibition. Based on the findings, it was concluded that hexane + 70% ethanol extraction was the most efficient method to increase the concentration of biologically active compounds.

Keywords

• Propolis
• Antioxidant activity
• Extraction
• Solvent Selection
• DPPH Radical Scavenging.

Bingöl Propolisinden Elde Edilen Ekstraktların Farklı Çözücülerle Antioksidan Özelliklerinin Karşılaştırmalı Analizi

Abstract

Propolis, bal arıları tarafından bitkilerin özellikle çiçek ve tomurcuklardan toplanarak balmumu ve reçine ile zenginleştirilen değerli bir arı ürünüdür. Arılar, propolisi kovan içinde savunma, destek ve koruma amaçlı kullanmaktadır. Propolisin kimyasal içeriği ve biyolojik aktivitesi toplandığı bölge, bitki kaynağı, ekstraksiyon yöntemi ve çözücü seçimi gibi faktörlere bağlı olarak değişikenlik göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, farklı çözücülerin biyolojik aktif maddeler üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyerek, propolisin potansiyel uygulamalarını optimize etmek için uygun ekstraksiyon yöntemleri belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bingöl ilinden toplanan propolis örnekleri, altı farklı çözücü (%70 etanol, %99,9 etanol, distile su, hekzan + etil alkol karışımı ve üzüm sirkesi) kullanılarak ekstrakte edilmiştir. Elde edilen ekstraktların toplam fenolik ve flavonoid içeriği ve DPPH yöntemiyle antioksidan aktiviteleri analiz edilmiştir. Çözücüler arasında hekzan + %70 etanolün en yüksek toplam fenolik (461,16 ±0,5 mg GAE/g) ve flavonoid (368.10 ±1.92mg QE/g) içeriğine sahip olduğunu ve 82,95 ± 0,43 inhibisyon ile en yüksek DPPH radikal süpürme kapasitesini gösterdiği ortaya koyulmuştur. Bulgular doğrultusunda, hekzan+ %70’ lik etanolik ekstraksiyonun biyolojik olarak aktif bileşiklerin konsantrasyonunu artırmada en verimli yöntem olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

• Propolis
• Antioksidan aktivite
• Ekstraksiyon
• Çözücü Seçimi
• DPPH Radikal Süpürme.

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