RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MANUAL DEXTERİTY AND COGNİTİVE FUNCTION, AND DUAL-TASK COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE IN OLDER ADULTS

Year 2026, Volume: 15 Issue: 1 , 80 - 87 , 30.03.2026

Fırat Polat , Özden Erkan Oğul , Semra Oğuz

https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1827500

https://izlik.org/JA66SP96ZL

Abstract

Aging-related declines in cognition and manual dexterity affect dual-task performance, yet existing studies provide limited insight into how dual-task ability relates to dexterity and cognitive function in older adults. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between cognitive-motor dual tasks, which include executive functions, working memory, attention and memory and manual dexterity and cognitive function in older adults. Seventy healthy older adults aged 65–84 participated in the study. Seventy healthy adults aged 65–84 participated in the study. Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), and manual dexterity with the Box and Block Test (BBT). Four different tasks affecting executive functions, working memory, memory, and attention, which have been proven effective in previous studies, were given for use in the cognitive-motor task. Cognitive performance during the dual task was recorded. The mean age was 72.9±5.6 years. A moderate correlation was observed between executive functions, working memory, memory, and attention in older adults and dual-task cognitive performance (r:0.38, p:<.001; r:0.38, p<.001; r:0.36, p <.001; r:0.31, p =.004). The relationship between dual-task cognitive performance and MMSE score varied (r:0.36, p:<.001; r:0.24, p=.022; r:0.29, p=.006; r:.006, p=0.30). In conclusion, dual-task cognitive performance is related to manual dexterity and cognitive status, and the type of dual-task cognitive task is influential in this relationship.

Keywords

manual dexterity , aging , dual-task , cognitive function

Ethical Statement

This study was conducted in accordance with ethical standards. Ethical approval was obtained for the master’s thesis from which this article was derived, granted by the Marmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Etik Kurulu (Approval No: 2 Date: 21.02.2024). Since the present manuscript is based on this thesis, the same ethical approval applies.

Supporting Institution

There is no institution supporting this study.

Thanks

We would like to thank all participants who participated in our study.

YAŞLI BİREYLERDE EL BECERİSİ VE BİLİŞSEL DURUM İLE İKİLİ GÖREV BİLİŞSEL PERFORMANSI ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

https://izlik.org/JA66SP96ZL

Abstract

Yaşlanmayla beraber bilişsel işlevler ve el becerisinde görülen düşüşler ikili görev performansını etkilemektedir. Mevcut çalışmalar yaşlı bireylerde ikili görev performansı ile el becerisi ve bilişsel durum arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklamakta yetersiz kalmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı yaşlı bireylerde yürütücü fonksiyonlar, çalışma belleği, dikkat ve hafızayı içeren bilişsel motor ikili görevler ile el becerisi ve bilişsel durum arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır. Çalışmaya 65-84 yaş arasında, kooperasyon kurabilen, görme ve işitme problemi olmayan ve el becerisini etkileyebilecek nörolojik, romatolojik ve noromüsküler herhangi bir hastalığı bulunmayan 70 sağlıklı yaşlı birey katıldı. Bilişsel değerlendirme içim Mini Mental Test (MMT) kullanıldı. El becerisi, Kutu Blok Testi (KBT) ile değerlendirildi. Bilişsel-motor görevde kullanılmak için önceki çalışmalarda etkisi kanıtlamış olan yürütücü fonksiyonlar, çalışma belleği, hafıza ve dikkate etki eden 4 farklı görev verildi. Ortalama yaş 72.9±5.6’du. Yaşlı bireylerde yürütücü işlevler, çalışma belleği, hafıza ve dikkat ikili görev bilişsel performansı ile BBT arasında zayıf ve orta düzeyli bir ilişki görüldü (r:0.38, p:<.001; r:0.38, p<.001; r:0.36, p <.001; r:0.31, p =.004). İkili görev bilişsel performansı ile MMSE skoru arasında ise ilişki değişkenlik gösterdi (r:0.36, p:<.001; r:0.24, p =.022; r:0.29, p=.006; r:.006, p=0.30). Sonuç olarak ikili görev bilişsel performansı motor ve bilişsel durumu arasındaki ilişkili, ikincil bilişsel görevin türüne bağlıdır.

Keywords

el becerisi , yaşlanma , ikili görev , bilişsel işlev

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma etik standartlara uygun olarak yürütülmüştür. Makalenin türetildiği yüksek lisans tezi için Marmara Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Etik Kurulu'ndan etik onay alınmıştır (Onay No: 2 Tarih: 21.02.2024). Bu makale bu teze dayandığından aynı etik onay geçerlidir.

Supporting Institution

Bu çalışmayı detekleyen kurum bulunmamaktadır

Thanks

Çalışmamıza katılan tüm katılımcılarımıza teşekkür ederiz

References

• Rose MR, Flatt T, Graves JL, Greer LF, Martinez DE, Matos M, et al. What is aging? Frontiers in genetics, 2012. 3: p. 134.
• Rose MR, Flatt T, Graves JL, Greer LF, Martinez DE, Matos M, et al. What is aging? Frontiers in genetics, 2012. 3: p. 134.
• Bank PJ, Marinus JT, Rosanne MG, Iris FG, Paula HG, Jurriaan HH, et al. Cognitive‐motor interference during goal‐directed upper‐limb movements. European Journal of Neuroscience, 2018. 48(10): p. 3146-3158.
• Bank PJ, Marinus JT, Rosanne MG, Iris FG, Paula HG, Jurriaan HH, et al. Cognitive‐motor interference during goal‐directed upper‐limb movements. European Journal of Neuroscience, 2018. 48(10): p. 3146-3158.
• Carment L, Abdellatif A, Lafuente-Lafuente C, Pariel S, Maier MA, Belmin J, et al. Manual dexterity and aging: a pilot study disentangling sensorimotor from cognitive decline. Frontiers in neurology, 2018. 9: p. 910.
• Carment L, Abdellatif A, Lafuente-Lafuente C, Pariel S, Maier MA, Belmin J, et al. Manual dexterity and aging: a pilot study disentangling sensorimotor from cognitive decline. Frontiers in neurology, 2018. 9: p. 910.
• Vasylenko O, Gorecka MM, and Rodríguez‐Aranda C. Manual dexterity in young and healthy older adults. 2. Association with cognitive abilities. Developmental psychobiology, 2018. 60(4): p. 428-439.
• Vasylenko O, Gorecka MM, and Rodríguez‐Aranda C. Manual dexterity in young and healthy older adults. 2. Association with cognitive abilities. Developmental psychobiology, 2018. 60(4): p. 428-439.
• Dayanidhi S, and Valero-Cuevas FJ. Dexterous manipulation is poorer at older ages and is dissociated from decline of hand strength. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biomedical Sciences and Medical Sciences, 2014. 69(9): p. 1139-1145.
• Dayanidhi S, and Valero-Cuevas FJ. Dexterous manipulation is poorer at older ages and is dissociated from decline of hand strength. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biomedical Sciences and Medical Sciences, 2014. 69(9): p. 1139-1145.
• Harada CN, Love MCN, and Triebel K. Normal cognitive aging. Clinics in geriatric medicine, 2013. 29(4): p. 737.
• Harada CN, Love MCN, and Triebel K. Normal cognitive aging. Clinics in geriatric medicine, 2013. 29(4): p. 737.
• Salat, DH, Buckner RL, Snyder AZ, Greve DN, Desikan RSR, Busa E, et al. Thinning of the cerebral cortex in aging. Cerebral cortex, 2004. 14(7): p. 721-730.
• Salat, DH, Buckner RL, Snyder AZ, Greve DN, Desikan RSR, Busa E, et al. Thinning of the cerebral cortex in aging. Cerebral cortex, 2004. 14(7): p. 721-730.
• McIsaac TL, Lamberg EM, Muratori LM. Building a framework for a dual task taxonomy. BioMed research international, 2015. 2015(1): p. 591475.
• McIsaac TL, Lamberg EM, Muratori LM. Building a framework for a dual task taxonomy. BioMed research international, 2015. 2015(1): p. 591475.
• Springer S, Giladi N, Peretz C, Yogev G, Simon ES, Hausdorff JM. Dual‐tasking effects on gait variability: The role of aging, falls, and executive function. Movement disorders: official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2006. 21(7): p. 950-957.
• Springer S, Giladi N, Peretz C, Yogev G, Simon ES, Hausdorff JM. Dual‐tasking effects on gait variability: The role of aging, falls, and executive function. Movement disorders: official journal of the Movement Disorder Society, 2006. 21(7): p. 950-957.
• Ansai JH, Aurichio TR, Rebelatto JR. Relationship between dual task walking, cognition, and depression in oldest old people. International psychogeriatrics, 2016. 28(1): p. 31-38.
• Ansai JH, Aurichio TR, Rebelatto JR. Relationship between dual task walking, cognition, and depression in oldest old people. International psychogeriatrics, 2016. 28(1): p. 31-38.
• Wisdom, NM, Mignogna J, Collins RL. Variability in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV subtest performance across age. Archives of clinical neuropsychology, 2012. 27(4): p. 389-397.
• Wisdom, NM, Mignogna J, Collins RL. Variability in Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV subtest performance across age. Archives of clinical neuropsychology, 2012. 27(4): p. 389-397.
• Beauchet, O, Dubost V, Aminian K, Gonthier R, Kressig RW. Dual-task-related gait changes in the elderly: does the type of cognitive task matter? Journal of motor behavior, 2005. 37(4): p. 259.
• Beauchet, O, Dubost V, Aminian K, Gonthier R, Kressig RW. Dual-task-related gait changes in the elderly: does the type of cognitive task matter? Journal of motor behavior, 2005. 37(4): p. 259.
• Shin, JY, Fukatsu R, Fujii T, Sato M, Kimura I, Saso S. The correlation between gait and cognitive function in dual-task walking of the elderly with cognitive impairment: a systematic literature review. Korean Society of Physical Medicine, 2022. 17(1): p. 93-108.
• Shin, JY, Fukatsu R, Fujii T, Sato M, Kimura I, Saso S. The correlation between gait and cognitive function in dual-task walking of the elderly with cognitive impairment: a systematic literature review. Korean Society of Physical Medicine, 2022. 17(1): p. 93-108.
• Ramírez F, Gutiérrez M. Dual-task gait as a predictive tool for cognitive impairment in older adults: a systematic review. Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2021. 13: p. 769462.
• Ramírez F, Gutiérrez M. Dual-task gait as a predictive tool for cognitive impairment in older adults: a systematic review. Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2021. 13: p. 769462.
• Akış M, Atıcı E, Balkışlı BÇ. The Relationship Between Physical Performance with Dual-task Performance in Geriatric Individuals. Turkish Journal of Osteoporosis, 2025.
• Akış M, Atıcı E, Balkışlı BÇ. The Relationship Between Physical Performance with Dual-task Performance in Geriatric Individuals. Turkish Journal of Osteoporosis, 2025.
• Yenilmez Ö, Ünal A, and Altuğ F. Relationship between cognitive and motor functions, and dual task performance in community dwelling older adults: gender differences. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, 2023. 11(1): p. 204-211.
• Yenilmez Ö, Ünal A, and Altuğ F. Relationship between cognitive and motor functions, and dual task performance in community dwelling older adults: gender differences. Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, 2023. 11(1): p. 204-211.
• Goh HT, Pearce M, Vas A. Task matters: an investigation on the effect of different secondary tasks on dual-task gait in older adults. BMC geriatrics, 2021. 21: p. 1-12.
• Goh HT, Pearce M, Vas A. Task matters: an investigation on the effect of different secondary tasks on dual-task gait in older adults. BMC geriatrics, 2021. 21: p. 1-12.
• Georgantas A, Stefani P, Lyros E, Chytas D, Christakou A. Examining Performance between Different Cognitive-Motor Dual-Task Tests in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Applied Sciences, 2024. 14(17): p. 7957.
• Georgantas A, Stefani P, Lyros E, Chytas D, Christakou A. Examining Performance between Different Cognitive-Motor Dual-Task Tests in Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Applied Sciences, 2024. 14(17): p. 7957.
• Güngen C, Ertan T, Eker E, Yaşar R, Engin F. Standardize mini mental test’in Türk toplumunda hafif demans tanısında geçerlik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2002. 13(4): p. 273-281.
• Güngen C, Ertan T, Eker E, Yaşar R, Engin F. Standardize mini mental test’in Türk toplumunda hafif demans tanısında geçerlik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 2002. 13(4): p. 273-281.
• Kontson K, Marcus IM, Barbara Civillico E. Targeted box and blocks test: Normative data and comparison to standard tests. PloS one, 2017. 12(5): p. e0177965.
• Kontson K, Marcus IM, Barbara Civillico E. Targeted box and blocks test: Normative data and comparison to standard tests. PloS one, 2017. 12(5): p. e0177965.
• Lezak MD. Neuropsychological assessment. 2004: Oxford University Press, USA.
• Lezak MD. Neuropsychological assessment. 2004: Oxford University Press, USA.
• Silsupadol P Silsupadol P, Lugade V, Shumway-Cook A, van Donkelaar P, Chou LS, Mayr U. Training-related changes in dual-task walking performance of elderly persons with balance impairment: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Gait Posture, 2009. 29(4): p. 634-9.
• Silsupadol P Silsupadol P, Lugade V, Shumway-Cook A, van Donkelaar P, Chou LS, Mayr U. Training-related changes in dual-task walking performance of elderly persons with balance impairment: a double-blind, randomized controlled trial. Gait Posture, 2009. 29(4): p. 634-9.
• Oktem, O. Verbal memory processes test (WMPT)-A preliminary study. Arch Neuropsychiatry, 1992. 29(4), 196-206.
• Oktem, O. Verbal memory processes test (WMPT)-A preliminary study. Arch Neuropsychiatry, 1992. 29(4), 196-206.
• Öktem Ö. Sözel Bellek Süreçleri Testi (Öktem-SBST) El Kitabı (2. Basım). Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği, 2016.
• Öktem Ö. Sözel Bellek Süreçleri Testi (Öktem-SBST) El Kitabı (2. Basım). Ankara: Türk Psikologlar Derneği, 2016.
• Beck EN, Ehgoetz Martens KA, Almeida QJ. Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease: An Overload Problem? PLoS One, 2015. 10(12): p. e0144986.
• Beck EN, Ehgoetz Martens KA, Almeida QJ. Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease: An Overload Problem? PLoS One, 2015. 10(12): p. e0144986.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. Faktör analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve uygulamada eğitim yönetimi, 2002. 32(32): p. 470-483.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. Faktör analizi: Temel kavramlar ve ölçek geliştirmede kullanımı. Kuram ve uygulamada eğitim yönetimi, 2002. 32(32): p. 470-483.
• Bangert AS, Reuter-Lorenz PA, Walsh CM, Schachter AB, Seidler RD. Bimanual coordination and aging: neurobehavioral implications. Neuropsychologia, 2010. 48(4): p. 1165-1170.
• Bangert AS, Reuter-Lorenz PA, Walsh CM, Schachter AB, Seidler RD. Bimanual coordination and aging: neurobehavioral implications. Neuropsychologia, 2010. 48(4): p. 1165-1170.
• Bramell-Risberg E, Jarnlo GB, Elmståhl S. Slowing of alternating forearm movements is associated with cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older people. Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders, 2010. 29(5): p. 457-466.
• Bramell-Risberg E, Jarnlo GB, Elmståhl S. Slowing of alternating forearm movements is associated with cognitive impairment in community-dwelling older people. Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders, 2010. 29(5): p. 457-466.
• Mori T, Takeuchi N, Izumi SI. Prefrontal cortex activation during a dual task in patients with stroke. Gait & posture, 2018. 59: p. 193-198.
• Mori T, Takeuchi N, Izumi SI. Prefrontal cortex activation during a dual task in patients with stroke. Gait & posture, 2018. 59: p. 193-198.
• Tombu M, Jolicoeur P. A central capacity sharing model of dual-task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human perception and performance, 2003. 29(1): p. 3.
• Tombu M, Jolicoeur P. A central capacity sharing model of dual-task performance. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human perception and performance, 2003. 29(1): p. 3.
• Hartley AA. Age differences in dual-task interference are localized to response-generation processes. Psychology and aging, 2001. 16(1): p. 47.
• Hartley AA. Age differences in dual-task interference are localized to response-generation processes. Psychology and aging, 2001. 16(1): p. 47.
• Hallett M, Grafman J. Executive function and motor skill learning. International Review of Neurobiology, 1997. 41: p. 297-323.
• Hallett M, Grafman J. Executive function and motor skill learning. International Review of Neurobiology, 1997. 41: p. 297-323.
• Benedict, RH, Holtzer R, Motl RW, Foley FW, Kaur S, Hojnacki D. Upper and lower extremity motor function and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. J Int Neuropsychol Soc, 2011. 17(4): p. 643-53.
• Benedict, RH, Holtzer R, Motl RW, Foley FW, Kaur S, Hojnacki D. Upper and lower extremity motor function and cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis. J Int Neuropsychol Soc, 2011. 17(4): p. 643-53.
• Ashendorf L, Vanderslice-Barr JL, McCaffrey RJ, Motor tests and cognition in healthy older adults. Applied neuropsychology, 2009. 16(3): p. 171-176.
• Ashendorf L, Vanderslice-Barr JL, McCaffrey RJ, Motor tests and cognition in healthy older adults. Applied neuropsychology, 2009. 16(3): p. 171-176.
• Lima, LC, Ansai JH, Andrade LP, Takahashi AC. The relationship between dual-task and cognitive performance among elderly participants who exercise regularly. Braz J Phys Ther, 2015. 19(2): p. 159-66.
• Lima, LC, Ansai JH, Andrade LP, Takahashi AC. The relationship between dual-task and cognitive performance among elderly participants who exercise regularly. Braz J Phys Ther, 2015. 19(2): p. 159-66.
• Jayakody O, Breslin M, Stuart K, Vickers JC, Callisaya ML. The associations between dual-task walking under three different interference conditions and cognitive function. Gait & Posture, 2020. 82: p. 174-180.
• Jayakody O, Breslin M, Stuart K, Vickers JC, Callisaya ML. The associations between dual-task walking under three different interference conditions and cognitive function. Gait & Posture, 2020. 82: p. 174-180.