Newly Synthesized Imidazoline Compound Regulates Apoptosis and Toll-Like Receptor Signaling in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Normal Epithelial Cells

Abstract

Imidazoline is a heterocyclic compound with biological activity in regulating apoptosis, inflammation, and immune signaling. Lung cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death, emphasizing the need for new therapies. This study examined the effects of imidazoline on apoptosis and Toll-like receptor (TLR) expression in A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells and Beas-2B normal bronchial epithelial cells. The chemical structure of the synthesized imidazoline was confirmed by FT-IR spectroscopy. Cells were treated with imidazoline, and expression of apoptotic markers (BAX, BCL-2) and TLR1-10 genes was analyzed. In A549 cells, imidazoline increased BAX and decreased BCL-2, indicating activation of intrinsic apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Beas-2B cells showed the opposite pattern, suggesting selective toxicity toward cancer cells. Imidazoline also modulated several TLRs in both cell lines, highlighting potential immunoregulatory effects. These findings demonstrate that imidazoline promotes apoptosis and alters immune-related signaling in lung cancer cells without harming normal epithelial cells. This study is the first to report imidazoline’s impact on TLR expression in lung cancer, supporting its potential as a dual anticancer agent targeting both cell death and immune pathways.

Keywords

• İmidazoline
• Lung cancer
• Toll-like receptors
• Apoptosis

Supporting Institution

No

Ethical Statement

Ethical approval is not required.

Thanks

The authors would like to thank NF Chemical for their support in the synthesis and characterization of the imidazoline compound used in this study.

Yeni Sentezlenen İmidazolin Bileşiği, Akciğer Adenokarsinomunda ve Normal Epitel Hücrelerinde Apoptosisi ve Toll-Like Reseptör Sinyallemesini Düzenler

Abstract

İmidazolin, apoptosis, inflamasyon ve bağışıklık sinyal yollarını düzenleyen biyolojik aktiviteye sahip heterosiklik bir bileşiktir. Akciğer kanseri, kanser kaynaklı ölümler arasında önde gelen nedenlerden biridir ve yeni tedavi stratejilerine ihtiyaç olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada, imidazolinin A549 akciğer adenokarsinomu hücrelerinde ve Beas-2B normal bronş epitelyum hücrelerinde apoptosis ve Toll-like reseptör (TLR) ekspresyonu üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Sentezlenen imidazolin bileşiğinin kimyasal yapısı FT-IR spektroskopisi ile doğrulanmıştır. Hücreler imidazoline ile muamele edilmiş ve apoptotik belirteçler (BAX, BCL-2) ile TLR1-10 genlerinin ekspresyonu analiz edilmiştir. A549 hücrelerinde imidazolin BAX seviyesini artırıp BCL-2 seviyesini düşürerek intrinsic apoptosis ve hücre döngüsü duraklamasını indüklemiştir. Beas-2B hücrelerinde ise ters bir desen gözlenmiş, bu da ilacın kanser hücrelerine seçici etkisini göstermiştir. Ayrıca, imidazolin her iki hücre hattında bazı TLR’leri modüle ederek potansiyel immün düzenleyici etkilerini ortaya koymuştur. Sonuçlar, imidazolinin kanser hücrelerinde apoptosis ve bağışıklıkla ilişkili sinyal yollarını etkileyerek normal hücrelere zarar vermeden çift yönlü antikanser aktivite gösterebileceğini ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çalışma, imidazolinin akciğer kanserinde TLR ekspresyonu üzerindeki etkilerini bildiren ilk çalışmadır ve bileşiğin hem hücre ölümü hem de immün yolları hedefleyen potansiyel bir antikanser ajan olduğunu desteklemektedir.

Keywords

• İmidazolin
• Akciğer kanseri
• Toll benzeri reseptörler
• Apoptoz

Supporting Institution

Yok

Ethical Statement

Etik onay gerektirmemektedir.

Thanks

Yazarlar, bu çalışmada kullanılan imidazoline bileşiğinin sentezi ve karakterizasyonundaki destekleri için NF Chemical'e teşekkür etmek isterler.

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