Astronomik Gözlemlerde Yeni Bir Çağ: Kütleçekim Dalga Detektörleri

Abstract

Kütleçekim dalgalarının varlığı Haziran 1916'da A. Einstein tarafından yazılan bir makalede öngörülmüştür. Söz konusu dalgalar ivmelenmiş kütleli cisimlerin sebep olduğu uzay-zaman eğriliğindeki tedirginmelerdir. 1960'lardan itibaren, bilim insanları bu dalgaları gözlemleyebilmek için çeşitli teknikler geliştirmişlerdir. Öngörüde bulunduktan yaklaşık 100 yıl geçmişken; 2015 yılının 14 Eylül günü Lazer Girişimölçerli Kütleçekim Dalga Gözlemevlerinin iki detektörü, eşzamanlı olarak bir enine kütleçekim dalga sinyali ölçmüşlerdir. Bir asırı bulan teorik ve teknolojik çalışmalar, özellikle Lazer Girişimölçerli detektörlü gözlemevlerinin bu başarısı bu derlemenin konusudur. Çalışmamızda ayrıca kütleçekim dalgalarının olası kaynaklarından ve bu dalgaları ölçmek için geliştirilen tekniklerden bahsedeceğiz. Bu teknikler evreni araştırmak için yeni bir pencere ve astronomik gözlemler için yeni bir çağın başlangıcı olmuştur.

Keywords

• Genel Görelilik Teorisi
• Lazer Girişimölçerli kütleçekim dalga dedektörleri
• Kütleçekim dalgaları

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