IoT Tabanlı Sokak Aydınlatması ve Bilgisayar Destekli Kontrolü

Abstract

Geleneksel aydınlatma sistemlerinin enerji verimliliği, arıza takibi ve uzaktan kontrol eksikliği gibi birçok dezavantajı bulunmaktadır. Bu dezavantajlar gereksiz enerji tüketimine, ekstra iş gücüne, güvenlik tehditlerine ve takip eksikliğine neden olmaktadır. Bu sorunların üstesinden gelmek için bu çalışmada geleneksel aydınlatma yerine IoT tabanlı akıllı aydınlatma prototipi geliştirilmiş ve bilgisayar destekli kontrol gerçekleştirilmiştir. Enerji verimliliğini sağlamak için hareket sensörlerinden veri alınarak sokak lambalarının ışık şiddeti yoğunluğa göre ayarlanmıştır. LED armatür sensörlerinden elde edilen arıza takibi ve yoğunluk gibi veriler buluta aktarılarak mekandan bağımsız olarak kontrol edilmiştir. Böylece bulut üzerindeki veriler ThingSpeak platformu üzerinden kolaylıkla takip edilebilmektedir. Görselleştirilmiş ThingSpeak web arayüzü ile LED armatürün elektrik gücü, çekilen akım, sıcaklık değeri, ortam ışık değeri, konum bilgisi, hareket algılama ve uzaktan anahtarlama, mekandan bağımsız olarak yapılabilmektedir.

Keywords

• Nesnelerin İnterneti
• Akıllı Şehir
• LED Aydınlatma
• Akıllı Sokak Aydınlatması
• Lora
• ThingSpeak

IoT Based Street Lighting and Computer Aided Control

Abstract

Traditional lighting systems have many disadvantages such as energy efficiency, failure tracking and lack of remote control. These disadvantages cause unnecessary energy consumption, extra labor, security threats and lack of follow-up. To overcome these problems, in this study, instead of traditional lighting, an IoT-based smart lighting prototype was developed and computer-assisted control was performed. In order to ensure energy efficiency, the light intensity of the street lamps was adjusted according to the intensity by taking data from the motion sensors. Data such as fault tracking and density obtained from LED armature sensors were transferred to the cloud and controlled independently of the venue. Thus, the data on the cloud can be easily tracked through the ThingSpeak platform. With the visualized ThingSpeak web interface, the electrical power, current drawn, temperature value, ambient light value, location information, motion detection and remote switching of the LED armature can be done independently of the location.

Keywords

• Internet of Things
• Smart City
• LED Lighting
• Smart Street Lighting
• Lora
• ThingSpeak

References

1. [1] Örselli E, Akbay C. Teknoloji ve kent yaşamında dönüşüm: akıllı kentler. International Journal of Management Academy. 2019; 2(1): 228–241.
2. [2] Ateş M, Önder D. E. The Concept of ‘Smart City’and Criticism within the Context of its Transforming Meaning. Megaron. 2019; 14(1): 41.
3. [3] Anthopoulos L. G. Understanding smart cities: a tool for smart government or an industrial trick. Springer; 2017.
4. [4] Gürsoy O. Smart City Approach and It’s Implementation Feasibility for the Metropolitan Cities in Turkey [dissertation]. Ankara: Hacettepe University; 2019.
5. [5] Ashton K. That “internet of things” thing. RFID journal. 2009; 22(7): 97–114.
6. [6] Commission F. T. Internet of things: Privacy & security in a connected world. Washington, DC: Federal Trade Commission. 2015.
7. [7] Miorandi D, Sicari S, De Pellegrini F, Chlamtac I. Internet of things: Vision, applications and research challenges. Ad hoc networks. 2012; 10(7): 1497–1516.
8. [8] Sha K, Wei W, Yang T. A, Wang Z, Shi W. On security challenges and open issues in Internet of Things. Future Generation Computer Systems. 2018; 83: 326–337.

9. [9] Jalali M. S, Kaiser J. P, Siegel M, Madnick S. The internet of things promises new benefits and risks: a systematic analysis of adoption dynamics of IoT products. IEEE Security & Privacy. 2019; 17(2): 39–48.
10. [10] Al-Fuqaha A, Guizani M, Mohammadi M, Aledhari M, Ayyash M. Internet of things: A survey on enabling technologies, protocols, and applications. IEEE communications surveys & tutorials. 2015; 17(4): 2347–2376.
11. [11] Ghaffari K, Lagzian M, Kazemi M, Malekzadeh G. A socio-technical analysis of internet of things development: an interplay of technologies, tasks, structures and actors. Foresight. 2019.
12. [12] Thomas A, Eldhose N. Heterogeneous LPWAN Communication for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure. IJITEE. 2019; 9(2): 2060–2067.
13. [13] ‘LED: The Light of the Future. [Internet]. licht.de; [cited 2021 Sep. 17]. Available from: https://fdocuments.in/document/lichtwissen-no-17-led-the-light-of-the-future.html.
14. [14] Aman M. M, Jasmon G. B, Mokhlis H, Bakar A. H. A. Analysis of the performance of domestic lighting lamps. Energy policy. 2013; 52: 482–500.
15. [15] Hinov N, Tsankov P, Ibrishimov H. Innovative LED lighting. International Conference on Creative Business for Smart and Sustainable Growth, CREBUS 2019; p. 1–5.
16. [16] Özçelik M. A, Yılmaz M. Comparison of Fluorescent and Normal LED Illumination in terms of Energy Efficiency with Smart LED System Proposed Zone Controlled Room in Daylight. El-Cezeri Journal of Science and Engineering. 2019; 6(2): 270–281.
17. [17] Akyazı Ö, Şahin E, Kahveci D. C. Smart Street Lamp Design and Application with PV Panel and Grid Integration. European Journal of Science and Technology. 2019; Special Issue, pp. 356-360.
18. [18] Collins A, Thurrell T, Pink R, Feather J. Dynamic dimming: The future of Motorway lighting?. Lighting Journal. 2002; 67 (5): 25.
19. [19] Erkin E, Yurtseven M. B, Güler Ö, Onaygil S. Led Panel Armatürlerin Ofis Aydınlatmasında Retrofit Amaçlı Kullanımının İncelenmesi. VII. Ulusal Aydınlatma Sempozyumu. 2013. pp. 15–21.
20. [20] Deloitte-Vodafone Akıllı Şehir Yol Haritası [Internet]. Deloitte-Vodafone; 2021 [cited 2021 Sep. 17]. Available from: http://www.vodafone.com.tr/VodafoneBusiness/iot/pdf/ akilli-sehir-yol-haritasi
21. [21] Tapia A, Carrasco C, Ricart J. E, Piedra J, Rodríguez M, Franca P. Smart City Market Introduction. 2020.
22. [22] GrowSmarter Project [Internet]. European Commission; 2017 [cited 2021 Sep. 17]. Available from: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/646456
23. [23] IoT Analytics - ThingSpeak Internet of Things [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Sep. 17]. Available from: https://thingspeak.com/
24. [24] ATmega328P Datasheet [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Sep. 17]. Available from: http://ww1.microchip.com/downloads/en/DeviceDoc/Atmel-7810-Automotive-Microcontrollers-ATmega328P_Datasheet.pdf
25. [25] LoRa Alliance [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Sep. 17]. Available from: https://lora-alliance.org/
26. [26] Ragnoli M, Barile G, Leoni A, Ferri G, Stornelli V. An autonomous low-power lora-based flood-monitoring system. Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications. 2020; 10(2): p. 15.
27. [27] ESP8266-07 [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Sep. 17]. Available from: https://ozdisan.com//kablosuz-ve-iot-cozumleri/rf-moduller/wifi-modulleri/ESP8266-07
28. [28] Mosfet Nedir? Çeşitleri, Özellikleri [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Sep. 17]. Available from: http://www.robotiksistem.com/mosfet_nedir_mosfet_cesitleri.html
29. [29] Narayana S, Prasad R. V, Rao V. S, Prabhakar T. V, Kowshik S. S, Iyer M. S. PIR sensors: Characterization and novel localization technique. 14th international conference on information processing in sensor networks. 2015. p. 142–153.
30. [30] ACS712 Datasheet [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Sep. 17]. Available from: https://www.alldatasheet.es/datasheet-pdf/pdf/168326/ALLEGRO/ACS712.html
31. [31] DS1302 Datasheet [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Sep. 17]. Available from: https://datasheets.maximintegrated.com/en/ds/DS1302.pdf
32. [32] KiCad EDA [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2021 Sep. 17]. Available from: https://www.kicad.org
33. [33] Tang K, Wang Y, Liu H, Sheng Y, Wang X, Wei Z. Design and implementation of push notification system based on the MQTT protocol. International Conference on Information Science and Computer Applications, ISCA 2013. pp. 116–119.