Antibacterial effect of amoxicillin trihydrate and Cupresus sempervirens leaf extract on gram negative bacteria

Year 2024, Volume: 13 Issue: 2, 43 - 48, 28.06.2024

Alican Bahadır Semerci , Tuğba Ongun Sevindik

https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1417900

Abstract

Difficulties in the treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria have led to studies in recent years directed towards improving the effectiveness of existing antibacterial agents. In our study, the antibacterial activities of the combined use of Cupressus sempervirens leaf extract and amoxicillin trihydrate on Escherichia coli ATCC 8739, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028, Salmonella abony NCTC 6017 bacteria and 4 coliform bacteria isolated from Karaman wastewater facility were investigated using the disc diffusion method. It was determined that the mixture of amoxicillin trihydrate and C. sempervirens leaf extract caused a synergistic effect on S. typhmurium and E. coli ATCC 8739. In general, it was observed that C. sempervirens leaf extracts contributed to the existing antibacterial activity of the antibiotic amoxicillin trihydrate. In addition, three of the bacteria isolated from wastewater were found to be sensitive to the antibiotic amoxicillin trihydrate, while one was found to be resistant.

Keywords

antibacterial activity, coliform bacteria, synergistic effect, wastewater

References

• Lépesová K, Olejníková P, Mackuľak T, Tichý J, Birošová L. Annual changes in the occurrence of antibiotic-resistant coliform bacteria and enterococci in municipal wastewater. Environ Sci Pollution Res, 2019; 26,18470-18483.
• Majumder A, Gupta AK, Ghosal PS, Varma M. A review on hospital wastewater treatment: A special emphasis on occurrence and removal of pharmaceutically active compounds, resistant microorganisms, and SARS-CoV-2. J Environ Chem Engg, 2021; 9(2): 104812.
• Bouki C, Venieri D, Diamadopoulos E. Detection and fate of antibiotic resistant bacteria in wastewater treatment plants: a review. Ecotoxicol Environ Safety, 2013; 91: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.01.016
• Kumar M, Ram B, Sewwandi H, Honda R, Chaminda T. Treatment enhances the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in the wastewater of Sri Lanka, and India. Environ Res, 2020;183: 109179
• Yu Y, Wu G, Wang C, Lu N, Yuan X, Zhu X. Pollution characteristics of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance of coliform bacteria in the Yitong River, China. Environ Monit Assess, 2019;191, 1-13.
• Le TH, Truong T, Tran LT, Nguyen DH, Pham TPT, Ng C. Antibiotic resistance in the aquatic environments: the need for an interdisciplinary approach. Int J Environ Sci Technol, 2023; 20(3): 3395-34.
• Terreni M, Taccani M, Pregnolato M. New antibiotics for multidrug-resistant bacterial strains: latest research developments and future perspectives. Molecules, 2021;26(9): 2671.https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26092671
• Berrazeg M, Diene SM, Medjahed L, Parola P, Drissi M, Raoult D. et al. New Delhi Metallo-beta-lactamase around the world: an Review using Google Maps. Eurosurveillance, 2014;19(20): 20809
• [9] Zagui, GS, De Andrade LN, Moreira NC, Silva TV, Machado GP, Da Costa Darini AL. et al. Gram-negative bacteria carrying β-lactamase encoding genes in hospital and urban wastewater in Brazil. Environ Monit Assess, 2020;192: 1-11.
• Semerci AB, İnceçayir D, Konca T, Tunca H, Tunç K. Phenolic constituents, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts of some female cones of gymnosperm plant. Indian J Biochem Biophys, 2020;57(3): 298-303.
• Al-Mijalli SH, El Hachlafi N, Jeddi M, Abdallah EM, Assaggaf H, Qasem A. et al. Unveiling the volatile compounds and antibacterial mechanisms of action of Cupressus sempervirens L., against Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Biomed Pharmacot, 2023;167: 115609.
• Sriti J, Haj Salem M, Aidi Wannes W, Bachrouch O, Mejri H, Belloumi S. Antioxidant, antibacterial and insecticidal activities of cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) essential oil. Int J Environ Health Res. 2023;1-12.
• Semerci AB, İnceçayır D, Sağıroğlu M, Tunç K. Antimicrobial activity of different flower extracts. Curr Perspec Med Aromatic Plants, 2019;2(1): 53-58.
• TS EN ISO 9308-1 Su Kalitesi - E. coli ve Koliform Bakterilerin Tespiti ve Sayımı–Bölüm 1:Membran Süzme Yöntemi. 2004.
• Breijyeh Z, Jubeh B, Karaman R. Resistance of gram-negative bacteria to current antibacterial agents and approaches to resolve it. Molecules, 2020;25(6): 1340.
• Szpak M. Trziszka T, Polanowski A, Gburek J, Gołąb K, Juszczyńska K. et al.Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of cystatin against selected strains of Escherichia coli. Folia Biologica (Kraków), 2014;62(3): 187-192.
• Anka L, Rammal H, Kobeissi A, Saab HB. Chemical composition and biological potentials of Lebanese Cupressus sempervirens L. leaves extracts. J Med Plants Res, 2020;14(6): 292-299.
• Mogna L, Del Piano M, Deidda F, Nicola S, Soattini L. Debiaggi R. Assessment of the in vitro inhibitory activity of specific probiotic bacteria against different Escherichia coli strains. J Clin Gastroenterol, 2012;46: S29-S32.
• Kumar A, Pal D. Antibiotic resistance and wastewater: Correlation, impact and critical human health challenges. J Environ Chem Eng 2018;6(1): 52-58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2017.11.059.
• Paulshus E, Kühn I, Möllby R, Colque P, O'Sullivan K, Midtvedt T. Diversity and antibiotic resistance among Escherichia coli populations in hospital and community wastewater compared to wastewater at the receiving urban treatment plant. Water Res, 2019;161: 232-241.
• Smyth C, O’Flaherty A, Walsh F, Do TT. Antibiotic resistant and extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing faecal coliforms in wastewater treatment plant effluent. Environ Pollution, 2020; 262: 114244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114244.
• Bassolé IHN, Lamien-Meda A, Bayala B, Tirogo S, Franz C, Novak J. Composition and antimicrobial activities of Lippia multiflora Moldenke, Mentha x piperita L. and Ocimum basilicum L. essential oils and their major monoterpene alcohols alone and in combination. Molecules, 2010;15(11): 7825-7839.
• Argui H, Youchret-Zalleza OB, Suner SC, Periz ÇD, Türker G, Ulusoy S. et al. Isolation, chemical composition, physicochemical properties, and antibacterial activity of Cupressus sempervirens L. essential oil. J Essent Oil Bear Plants, 2020;24(3): 439-452.
• Sriti J, Haj Salem M, Aidi Wannes W, Bachrouch O, Mejri H, Belloumi S. et al. Antioxidant, antibacterial and insecticidal activities of cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.) essential oil. Int J Environ Health Res, 2023;1-12.
• Selim SA, Adam ME, Hassan SM, Albalawi AR. Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of the essential oil and methanol extract of the Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens L.). BMC complementary Alter Med, 2014;14, 1-8.
• Garvey MI, Rahman MM, Gibbons S, Piddock LJ. Medicinal plant extracts with efflux inhibitory activity against Gram-negative bacteria. International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2011;37(2):145-151.
• Al-Alak SK, AL-Oqaili RMS, Mohammed BB, Abd-Alkhalik N. Antibacterial activity of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis extract and synergistic effect with amoxicillin against some human pathogens. Am J Phytomed Clin Ther, 2015;3(10): 020-027.