İklim Değişikliğinin Sağlık Etkilerinin Ele Alınması: Kapsam Derlemesi

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 226 - 232, 26.09.2025

Emine Didem Evci Kiraz , Kübra Ecem Turgutkaya , Eda Çelik , Onur Topçu , İsmail Çevik , Dilara Şahin , Murat Eğilmez , Kübra Sofuoğlu , Tolga Hüseyin Atış

https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.1587969

Abstract

İklim değişikliğinin sonuçları insan sağlığını önemli ölçüde etkilemektedir. Bu derlemenin amacı, iklim ve sağlık alanındaki çalışmaların bugüne kadarki ilerlemesini özetlemek ve gelecekteki araştırmalara ışık tutmaktır.
PRISMA-ScR (Sistematik İncelemeler ve Meta-Analizler için Tercih Edilen Raporlama Öğeleri) kontrol listesi çalışmayı yönlendirmek için kullanılmıştır. 13 Eylül 2024 tarihinde, PubMed ve Google Scholar kullanılarak 2019'dan 2024'e kadar olan dönemi kapsayan bir literatür taraması gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Derlenen çalışmaların 65'i (%40,12) Avrupa'dan, 43'ü (%26,54) Asya'dan, 34'ü (%20,98) Kuzey Amerika'dandı. Derlenen çalışmalar arasında en sık kullanılan araştırma türleri derleme (%31,48) ve modelleme çalışmaları (%20,37) olmuştur. Derlenen çalışmalarda en sık kullanılan iklim değişikliği kanıt kategorisi “aşırı hava olayları ve sıcak/soğuk hava dalgaları” olmuştur. Derlenen çalışmalarda en sık elde edilen sağlık etkileri kategorisi “sıcak ve soğuğa bağlı hastalıklar” olmuştur.
Bu derleme, son beş yılda iklim değişikliğinin sağlık üzerindeki etkilerine dair yapılan araştırmaları özetlemekte ve bilgi boşlukları ile araştırma önceliklerini belirlemektedir. Gelecekteki çalışmalar, iklim değişikliğinin sağlık üzerindeki etkilerini daha iyi anlamak için nicel ve nitel yöntemleri birleştirerek, sağlık risklerini ölçmeli ve etkili müdahaleler geliştirilmelidir.

Keywords

İklim değişikliği , Sağlık etkileri , Halk sağlığı , Kapsam derlemesi

Considering the Health Effects of Climate Change: A Scoping Review

Abstract

The consequences of climate change significantly affect human health. The purpose of this review is to outline the progress of studies in the field of climate and health to date and to shed light on future research.
The PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) checklist was used to guide the study. A literature search was conducted on September 13, 2024, using PubMed and Google Scholar, covering the period from 2019 to 2024.
Of the included studies, 65(40.12%) were from Europe, 43(26.54%) from Asia, and 34 (20.98%) from North America. The most commonly used research types included were reviews (%31.48) and modelling studies (%20.37). The most frequently used climate change evidence category in the included studies were “extreme weather events and heat/cold air waves”. The most frequently obtained health effects category in the compiled studies was "diseases related to heat and cold".
This review summarizes research conducted in the past five years on the health impacts of climate change, identifying knowledge gaps and research priorities. Future studies should combine quantitative and qualitative methods to better understand the health impacts of climate change, assess health risks, and develop effective interventions.

Keywords

Climate change , Health impacts , Public health , Scoping review

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