Assessing Household Food Insecurity and Coping Strategies in Rural Areas: The Case of Niğde Province of Turkey

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 9 Sayı: 2, 206 - 222, 27.12.2023

Shafiqa Ghafarı , Betül Bahadır

https://doi.org/10.61513/tead.1389201

Öz

The aim of the study is to determine the food security status of rural households in Niğde province and to examine the risks that cause food insecurity in these households and the strategies to cope with these risks. The data of the research consists of data collected through a survey from 101 households determined according to the simple random sampling method, living in the villages of Merkez, Bor and Çiftlik districts, which constitute 75.8% of the rural population of Niğde province. The study used the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) to measure the food security level of rural households. As a result of the study, it was observed that 45.54% of the interviewed households had different levels of food insecurity. In the study, it was observed that the households experiencing food insecurity, compared to the households with food security, have small-scale agricultural lands, subsistence production in crop production, low product diversity, low animal stock, and small rumuninat rearing and low agricultural gross profit margins. The main risks that may affect the livelihoods and therefore food security of rural households in Niğde province was the increasing input prices, inability to benefit from agricultural supports, and adverse climatic conditions. The results obtained from the study are expected to guide the policies to be created for the planning and implementation of long-term rural development strategies to ensure food security. In addition, the study is one of the pioneering studies investigating the food security situation of households living in rural areas in Türkiye.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rural household, HFIAS scale, Coping strategies, Food consumption, Food security

Kırsal Kesimde Hanehalkı Gıda Güvencesizliği ve Başa Çıkma Stratejilerinin İncelenmesi: Niğde İli Örneği

Öz

Çalışmada, Niğde ili kırsal alandaki hanehalkının gıda güvencesi durumlarının belirlenmesi ve bu hanelerde gıda güvencesizliğine neden olabilecek riskler ve bu riskler ile baş çıkma stratejilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, Niğde ili kırsal nüfusun %75,8'ini oluşturan Merkez, Bor ve Çiftlik ilçelerine bağlı kırsal alanda yaşayan hanelerden basit tesadüfi örnekleme yöntemine göre belirlenen 101 adet haneden anket yoluyla toplanan veriler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada kırsal hanelerin gıda güvencesi düzeyini ölçmek için Hanehalkı Gıda Güvencesizliği Erişim Ölçeği (HFIAS) kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda görüşülen hanelerin %45.54’ünün farklı seviyelerde gıda güvencesizliğine sahip oldukları görülmüştür. Gıda güvencesizliği yaşayan hanelerin gıda güvencesine sahip hanelere göre, tarım arazilerinin küçük ölçekli, bitkisel üretimde geçimlik üretim yapan ve ürün çeşitliliği az, hayvan varlığı düşük ve küçükbaş hayvancılığa daha fazla yer veren ve tarımsal brüt kar marjı düşük işletmeler olduğu görülmüştür. Niğde ilindeki kırsal hanelerde, geçimlerini ve dolaysıyla gıda güvencesi durumlarını etkileyebilecek başlıca riskler arasında artan girdi fiyatları, tarımsal desteklerden yararlanamama, olumsuz iklim koşulları gibi tarımsal üretime yönelik genel riskler gelmektedir. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar ile gıda güvencesinin sağlanmasına yönelik uzun vadeli kırsal kalkınma stratejilerinin planlanması ve uygulanmasına yönelik oluşturulacak politikalarda yol gösterici olması beklenmektedir. Ayrıca çalışma, Türkiye'de kırsal alanda yaşayan hanelerin gıda güvencesi durumunun araştırıldığı öncü çalışmalardan biri olma niteliği taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kırsal hanehalkı, HFIAS ölçeği, Başa çıkma stratejisi, Gıda tüketimi, Gıda güvencesi

Etik Beyan

Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi Etik Kurulu 06.11.2023 tarihinde 169 nolu oturumunda 07 sayılı karar sayısına göre etik kurul uygunluk kararı alınmıştır.

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