Theoretical Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Yetişkin Öğrencilerde Güven Oluşturmanın Bir Yolu Olarak İkinci Dilde Yazma

Year 2023, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 21 - 31, 30.06.2023

Abstract

Yetişkin öğrencilerin yabancı dil öğreniminde bir dizi psikolojik engelle karşılaştıkları bilinmektedir. Yazma becerisi, dilbilgisi ve kelime dağarcığının doğru kullanımıyla ilgili dilbilimsel konuların yanı sıra en fazla sayıda zorluğu ortaya çıkarır gibi görünmektedir. Daha ileri seviyelerdeki öğrenciler bile fikirlerini özgün bir şekilde iletmek için kendi seslerini ve yazma stillerini bulmakla karşı karşıya kalmaktadır. Bu makalede yazar, yetişkin öğrencilerle çalışan öğretmenlerin, bir dil kullanıcısı ve yazarı olarak öğrencinin kendine olan güvenini artırmaktan ziyade hata düzeltmeye odaklanılan önceki olumsuz öğrenme deneyimleri nedeniyle yetişkinlerin karşılaştığı psikolojik zorlukların farkında olmaları koşuluyla, yetişkin yazarlar için güvenli ve destekleyici bir ortam yaratabileceklerini savunmaktadır. Dikkatli bir şekilde sunulan ve tanıtılan yazma etkinlikleri, bir yetişkinin özgüvenini artırabilir ve hatta bir öğrencinin genel refahını potansiyel olarak artırabilecek yaratıcı bir kendini keşfetme aracı olarak hizmet edebilir. Yalnızca hedef dile odaklanmak yerine, etkinlikler öğrencinin kişiliğine göre uyarlanmalı ve kendi deneyimlerinden yararlanarak çoklu kimliklerinin yazılı olarak keşfedilmesine ve müzakere edilmesine olanak sağlamalıdır. Bir öğrencinin anlamlı etkinliklerle uğraşırken özgüvenini artırabilmesi için, öğretmenlerin empati kurabilen okuyucular olması ve geri-bildirim vererek yalnızca dil becerilerini geliştirmeyi değil, aynı zamanda İngilizce yazılarını daha geniş bir dünyaya ulaşmak için kullanmalarına yönelik genel özgüvenlerini de artırması gerekir. Yazar, yukarıdaki hususlar göz önünde bulundurularak tasarlanan ve bir dil müfredatını tamamlayan bir yazma dersinin parçası olarak veya herhangi bir dili konuşanlar için tek başına bir ders olarak kullanılabilecek yazma etkinlikleri önermektedir.

References

  • Block, D. (2007). Second language identities. London, Continuum.
  • Chomsky, N. (1957) Syntactic structures. The Hague, Mouton.
  • Fan, N., & Ma, Y. (2018). The role of written corrective feedback in second language writing practice. Theory and practice in language studies, 8(12), 1629-1635.
  • Holliday, A. (2013). The Struggle to Teach English as an International Language. Oxford University Press.
  • Li, X. (2007). Souls in exile: Identities of bilingual writers. Journal of language, identity, and education, 6(4), 259-275.
  • MacIntyre, P. D. (1999). Language anxiety: A review of the research for language teachers. In
  • D. J. Young (Eds.), Affect in foreign language and second language learning: A practical guide to creating a low-anxiety classroom atmosphere (pp. 24-45). McGraw-Hill Humanities Social.
  • Moskovsky, C. (2001) The Critical period hypothesis revisited. In Proceedings of the 2001 Conference of the Australian Linguistic Society.
  • Norton, B. (2000). Identity and language learning. Longman.
  • Pennebaker, J. W. (2004). Writing to heal: A guided journal for recovering from trauma and emotional upheaval. New Harbinger Publisher.
  • Ergün, A. L. P., & Dewaele, J. M. (2021). Do well-being and resilience predict the foreign language teaching enjoyment of teachers of Italian?. System, 99, 102506.
  • Riyanti, D., (2015) An Exploration of voice in second language writing. The Nebraska Educator, 2, 28-48.
  • Yang, M., Pan, R., & Chen, Z. (2018) Cohesive features in English as a second language students’ argumentative writing. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 195, 380-384
  • Yang, S., & Peng, Y. (2021). “I Am Like a Lost Child”: L2 writers’ linguistic metaphors as a window into their writer identity. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 648667.
  • Zhao, Y. (2014). L2 creative writers’ identities: Their cognitive writing processes and sense of empowerment. New Writing, 11(3), 452-466.

Second Language Writing as A Way to Build Up Confidence in Adult Learners

Year 2023, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 21 - 31, 30.06.2023

Abstract

Adult students are known to experience a range of psychological barriers in foreign language learning. Writing seems to present the greatest number of challenges as apart from the linguistic issues related to the proper use of grammar and vocabulary. Even learners at more advanced levels are faced with finding their own voice and writing style for communicating ideas in an authentic way. In the present paper, the author argues that teachers working with adult learners can create a safe supportive environment for adult writers provided they are aware of psychological challenges facing adults due to prior negative learning experiences where the major focus was on mistake correction rather than growing a learner’s confidence as a language user and a writer. Offered and introduced cautiously, writing activities are capable of boosting an adult’s self-confidence and even serving as a vehicle for creative self-exploration, which might potentially increase a learner’s general well-being. Rather than focusing on the target language alone, tasks have to be tailored to a student’s personality and draw on their own experiences allowing their multiple identities to be discovered and negotiated in writing. For a student to build up their confidence while working with meaningful tasks, teachers have to be empathetic readers providing feedback aimed not only at improving his/her language skills but also at boosting their overall confidence to use their English writing to reach out to a wider world, which might also grow their resilience— particularly at times of. global turbulence. The author suggests writing activities which are designed with the above considerations in mind and can be used as part of a writing course supplementing a language curriculum or as a stand-alone course for speakers of any languages.

References

  • Block, D. (2007). Second language identities. London, Continuum.
  • Chomsky, N. (1957) Syntactic structures. The Hague, Mouton.
  • Fan, N., & Ma, Y. (2018). The role of written corrective feedback in second language writing practice. Theory and practice in language studies, 8(12), 1629-1635.
  • Holliday, A. (2013). The Struggle to Teach English as an International Language. Oxford University Press.
  • Li, X. (2007). Souls in exile: Identities of bilingual writers. Journal of language, identity, and education, 6(4), 259-275.
  • MacIntyre, P. D. (1999). Language anxiety: A review of the research for language teachers. In
  • D. J. Young (Eds.), Affect in foreign language and second language learning: A practical guide to creating a low-anxiety classroom atmosphere (pp. 24-45). McGraw-Hill Humanities Social.
  • Moskovsky, C. (2001) The Critical period hypothesis revisited. In Proceedings of the 2001 Conference of the Australian Linguistic Society.
  • Norton, B. (2000). Identity and language learning. Longman.
  • Pennebaker, J. W. (2004). Writing to heal: A guided journal for recovering from trauma and emotional upheaval. New Harbinger Publisher.
  • Ergün, A. L. P., & Dewaele, J. M. (2021). Do well-being and resilience predict the foreign language teaching enjoyment of teachers of Italian?. System, 99, 102506.
  • Riyanti, D., (2015) An Exploration of voice in second language writing. The Nebraska Educator, 2, 28-48.
  • Yang, M., Pan, R., & Chen, Z. (2018) Cohesive features in English as a second language students’ argumentative writing. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 195, 380-384
  • Yang, S., & Peng, Y. (2021). “I Am Like a Lost Child”: L2 writers’ linguistic metaphors as a window into their writer identity. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 648667.
  • Zhao, Y. (2014). L2 creative writers’ identities: Their cognitive writing processes and sense of empowerment. New Writing, 11(3), 452-466.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Social and Humanities Education (Excluding Economics, Business and Management)
Journal Section Second Language Writing as a Way to Build Up Confidence in Adult Learners
Authors

Olga Litvinova This is me

Publication Date June 30, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 3 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Litvinova, O. (2023). Second Language Writing as A Way to Build Up Confidence in Adult Learners. Türk Eğitim Değerlendirmeleri Dergisi, 3(3), 21-31.