YABANCI DİL ÖĞRETİMİNDE SINIFTA ANA DİLİNİN KULLANIMINA İLİŞKİN YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TARTIŞMALAR
Year 2025,
Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 1061 - 1074, 15.09.2025
Safiye Günel
,
Banu Özdemir
Abstract
Yabancı dil ve ana dili kavramları, dil öğrenme süreçlerinin yapılandırılmasında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Yabancı dil öğretiminde, öğrenicilerin ana dillerini kullanıp kullanmamaları konusunda farklı yaklaşımlar ve görüşler bulunmaktadır. Geleneksel dil öğretim yöntemleri, yabancı dil sınıflarında sadece hedef dilin kullanılmasını ve öğrencilerin bu dile tam anlamıyla maruz kalmasını savunurken, bazı modern yaklaşımlar ise ana dilinin kontrollü bir şekilde kullanımının öğrenme sürecine olumlu katkılar sağlayabileceğini öne sürmektedir. Bu çalışmada, yabancı dil sınıflarında ana dilinin kullanımına yönelik farklı görüş ve yaklaşımları tespit etmek amacıyla kapsamlı bir literatür incelemesi yapılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler ile güncel araştırmaların ana dilinin yabancı dil öğreniminde kontrollü şekilde stratejik bir araç olarak kullanımını desteklediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
References
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Alyılmaz, S. (2018). Türkçe öğretiminde hedef kitlenin / “öğrenen”in önemi. Uluslararası Türkçe Edebiyat Kültür Eğitim Dergisi, 7(4), 2452-2463. Doi: 10.7884/teke.4368
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Avezmurodovich, K. R. & Bakhriddinovna, S. S. (2024). The role of mother tongue in english language teaching. Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521), 2(4), 309-313. https://doi.org/10.5281/
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Beisenbayeva, L. (2023). Using the mother tongue in foreign-language learning: Secondary school students in Kazakhstan. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 14(1), 45-59. Doi:10.29333/iji.2020.13341a
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Biçer, N. (2017). The impact of using the mother tongue on foreign language teaching: A study on learners and teachers’ perspectives. Dil ve Dil Öğretimi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 50-60. Doi:10.7827/TurkishStudies.11704
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Bozorgian, H. & Fallahpour, S. (2020). Exploring L1 use in english as foreign language classrooms through activity theory. Teaching English as a Second Language Quarterly (Formerly Journal of Teaching Language Skills, 39(3.1),1-35. Doi: 10.22099/jtls.2021.39025.2912
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Brevik, L. M. & Rindal, U. (2020). Language use in the classroom: Balancing target language exposure with the need for other languages. Tesol Quarterly, 54(4), 925-953. Doi:10.1002/tesq.564
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Butzkamm, W. (2003). We only learn language once: The role of the mother tongue in FL classrooms: Death of a dogma. Language Teaching, 41(3), 377-392. Doi:10.1080/09571730385200181
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Canagarajah, S. (2012). Translingual practice: Global Englishes and cosmopolitan relations. Routledge. 19(1) Doi:10.1111/josl.12095
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Cenoz, J. & Gorter, D. (2021). Pedagogical translanguaging. Cambridge University Press. Doi: 10.21153/tesol2023vol31no2art1799
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Cook, V. (2001). Using the first language in the classroom. Canadian Modern Language Review, 57(3), 402-423. Doi:10.3138/cmlr.57.3.402
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Coste, D. (1997). Alternances didactiques. Études de linguistique appliquée, 108, 393-400. Doi:10.4000/ced.596
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Cummins, J. (2000). Language, power, and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 25(3): 405-412. Doi:10.1080/15235882.2001.10162800
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Çelik, S. (2008). Opening the door: An examination of mother tongue use in foreign language classrooms. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 34(34), 75-85.
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Dujmović, M. (2014). The ways of using mother tongue in english language teaching. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 2(1), 38-43. Doi:10.11648/j.ijll.20140201.15
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Durmuş, M. (2019). Yabancı dil öğretimi sınıflarında ana dilinin yeri. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 9(3), 567-577. Doi:10.19126/suje.614963
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Ellis, R. (2016). The study of second language acquisition (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.10(1). Doi:10.5785/10-1-248
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Er, O. (2021). Sorularla ikinci / yabancı dil olarak Türkçe eğitimi. Ö. T. Kara (ed.), Sorularla Türkçe eğitimi (s. 471-492) içinde, Elazığ: Asos.
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García, O. (2009). Bilingual Education in the 21st Century: A Global Perspective. Wiley-Blackwell. 42(3), 344-345. Doi:10.1017/S0047404513000304
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Hall, G., & Cook, G. (2012). Own-language use in ELT: Exploring global practices and attitudes. Language Teaching, 45(03). Doi: 10.1017/S0261444812000067
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Kayaoğlu, M. N. (2012). The use of mother tongue in foreign language teaching from teachers’ practice and perspective. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 32, 25-35. Doi: 10.9779/PUJE492
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Krashen, S. D. (1981). Second language acquisition and second language learning. Pergamon Press.5(01):134. Doi: 10.1017/S0272263100004733
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Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Pergamon Press.
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Kumaravadivelu, B. (2006). Understanding language teaching: from method to postmethod. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. Doi:10.4324/9781410615725
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Larsen-Freeman, D. (2015) Research into practice: grammar learning and teaching. Language Teaching, 48, 263-280. Doi: 10.1017/s0261444814000408
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Littlewood, W., & Wang, S. (2022). The role of learners’ first language in the foreign language classroom. Language Tecahing Research Quarterly. 31, 174-182. Doi: 10.32038/ltrq.2022.31.12
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Macaro, E. (2001). Analysing student teachers’ codeswitching in foreign language classrooms: theories and decision making. The Modern Language Journal, 85(4), 531-548. Doi: 10.1111/0026-7902.00124
-
Macaro, E. (2009). Teacher use of code-switching in the second language classroom: Exploring ‘optimal’ use. In First Language Use in Second and Foreign Language Learning (pp. 35-49). Multilingual Matters. Doi: 10.21832/9781847691972-005
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Nation, I. S. P. (2003). The role of the first language in foreign language learning. In the role of the first language in second language learning (pp. 1-10). Cambridge University Press. Doi: 10.26686/wgtn.12560333
-
Öz, B. D., & Şengül, K. (2022). Uzaktan yabancılara Türkçe öğretiminde öğrenen özerkliği davranışlarına ilişkin öğretici görüşleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (54), 1406-1424. Doi:10.53444/deubefd.1175110
-
Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2014). Approaches and methods in language teaching (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. Doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511667305
-
Sali, P. (2014). An analysis of the teachers’ use of L1 in Turkish EFL classrooms. System, 42(1), 308-318. Doi: 10.1016/j.system.2013.12.021
-
Salmona Madriñan, M. (2014). The use of first language in the second-language classroom: a support for second language acquisition. Gist Education and Learning Research Journal, 9, 50-66. Doi: 10.26817/16925777.143
-
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2000). Task-based second language learning: The uses of the first language. Language Teaching Research, 4(3), 251-274. Doi: 10.1177/136216880000400304
-
Şavlı, F., & Kalafat, S. (2014). Yabancı dil derslerinde ana dili kullanımı üzerine öğretmen ve öğrenci görüşleri. Journal of Turkish Studies, 9(3); 1367-1385. Doi: 10.7827/TurkishStudies.6086
-
Şimşek, M. R. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde ana dili kullanımı: ne zaman, ne kadar, neden. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 1-14. Doi:10.17860/efd.13981
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Tharp, R. G., & Gallimore, R. (1988). Rousing minds to life: teaching, learning, and schooling in social context. Cambridge University.. Doi:10.1017/CBO9781139173698
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Thornbury, S. (2007). How to teach speaking. London: Pearson Education Limited.https://www.scribd.com/doc/275587410/Thornbury-How-to-Teach-Speaking-pdf
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Timor, T. (2021). Use of the mother tongue in teaching a foreign language. Language Education in Asia, 3(1), 7-17. Doi: 10.5746/LEiA/12/V3/I1/A02/Timor
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Tsagari, D., & Georgiou, E. (2016). Use of mother tongue in second language learning: Voices and practices in private language education in Cyprus. Mediterranean Language Review, 23, 101-126. Doi:10.13173/medilangrevi.23.2016.0101
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Turnbull, M. (2002). Teachers’ uses of the target and first languages in second and foreign language classrooms. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 22, 204-218. Doi: 10.1017/S0267190502000119
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Turnbull, M., & Dailey-O’Cain, J. (Eds.). (2009). First language use in second and foreign language learning. Multilingual Matters. Doi: 10.2307/jj.29308487
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Voicu, C. G. (2012). Overusing mother tongue in English language teaching. International Journal of Communication Research, 2(3), 212-218.
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Vygotsky, L. S. (1933). Play and its role in the mental development of the child. Soviet Psychology, 5(3), 6–18. https://mindsplain.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/play-and-its-role-in-the-mental-development-of-the-child.pdf
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Willis, J. (1981). Teaching English through English. London and New York: Longman. Doi: 10.1016/0346-251X(83)90056-8
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Xu, Y. (2024). A Specific current ıssue in teaching English as a foreign language-learners use their mother tongue in learning English as a foreign language. The Educational Review, USA, 8(3), 438-442. Doi: 10.26855/er.2024.03.018
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Yadav, M. K. (2023). Role of mother tongue in second language learning. International Journal of Research. 1(11), 572-582.
-
Yavuz, F. (2012). The attitudes of english teachers about the use of L1 in
the teaching of L2. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 4339-4344. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.251
APPROACHES AND DISCUSSIONS ON THE USE OF MOTHER TONGUE IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING IN THE CLASSROOM
Year 2025,
Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 1061 - 1074, 15.09.2025
Safiye Günel
,
Banu Özdemir
Abstract
The concepts of foreign language and mother tongue play an important role in structuring language learning processes. There are different approaches and opinions on whether learners should use their mother tongue in foreign language teaching. While traditional language teaching methods advocate the use of only the target language in foreign language classes and the full exposure of students to this language, some modern approaches suggest that the controlled use of the mother tongue can make positive contributions to the learning process. In this study, a comprehensive literature review was conducted in order to identify different opinions and approaches on the use of the mother tongue in foreign language classes. It was concluded that the data obtained, and current research support the controlled use of themother tongue as a strategic tool in foreign language learning.
References
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Alyılmaz, S. (2018). Türkçe öğretiminde hedef kitlenin / “öğrenen”in önemi. Uluslararası Türkçe Edebiyat Kültür Eğitim Dergisi, 7(4), 2452-2463. Doi: 10.7884/teke.4368
-
Avezmurodovich, K. R. & Bakhriddinovna, S. S. (2024). The role of mother tongue in english language teaching. Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521), 2(4), 309-313. https://doi.org/10.5281/
-
Beisenbayeva, L. (2023). Using the mother tongue in foreign-language learning: Secondary school students in Kazakhstan. Journal of Language Teaching and Research, 14(1), 45-59. Doi:10.29333/iji.2020.13341a
-
Biçer, N. (2017). The impact of using the mother tongue on foreign language teaching: A study on learners and teachers’ perspectives. Dil ve Dil Öğretimi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 50-60. Doi:10.7827/TurkishStudies.11704
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Bozorgian, H. & Fallahpour, S. (2020). Exploring L1 use in english as foreign language classrooms through activity theory. Teaching English as a Second Language Quarterly (Formerly Journal of Teaching Language Skills, 39(3.1),1-35. Doi: 10.22099/jtls.2021.39025.2912
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Brevik, L. M. & Rindal, U. (2020). Language use in the classroom: Balancing target language exposure with the need for other languages. Tesol Quarterly, 54(4), 925-953. Doi:10.1002/tesq.564
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Butzkamm, W. (2003). We only learn language once: The role of the mother tongue in FL classrooms: Death of a dogma. Language Teaching, 41(3), 377-392. Doi:10.1080/09571730385200181
-
Canagarajah, S. (2012). Translingual practice: Global Englishes and cosmopolitan relations. Routledge. 19(1) Doi:10.1111/josl.12095
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Cenoz, J. & Gorter, D. (2021). Pedagogical translanguaging. Cambridge University Press. Doi: 10.21153/tesol2023vol31no2art1799
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Cook, V. (2001). Using the first language in the classroom. Canadian Modern Language Review, 57(3), 402-423. Doi:10.3138/cmlr.57.3.402
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Coste, D. (1997). Alternances didactiques. Études de linguistique appliquée, 108, 393-400. Doi:10.4000/ced.596
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Cummins, J. (2000). Language, power, and pedagogy: Bilingual children in the crossfire. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 25(3): 405-412. Doi:10.1080/15235882.2001.10162800
-
Çelik, S. (2008). Opening the door: An examination of mother tongue use in foreign language classrooms. Hacettepe University Journal of Education, 34(34), 75-85.
-
Dujmović, M. (2014). The ways of using mother tongue in english language teaching. International Journal of Language and Linguistics, 2(1), 38-43. Doi:10.11648/j.ijll.20140201.15
-
Durmuş, M. (2019). Yabancı dil öğretimi sınıflarında ana dilinin yeri. Sakarya University Journal of Education, 9(3), 567-577. Doi:10.19126/suje.614963
-
Ellis, R. (2016). The study of second language acquisition (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.10(1). Doi:10.5785/10-1-248
-
Er, O. (2021). Sorularla ikinci / yabancı dil olarak Türkçe eğitimi. Ö. T. Kara (ed.), Sorularla Türkçe eğitimi (s. 471-492) içinde, Elazığ: Asos.
-
García, O. (2009). Bilingual Education in the 21st Century: A Global Perspective. Wiley-Blackwell. 42(3), 344-345. Doi:10.1017/S0047404513000304
-
García, O., & Wei, L. (2022). Translanguaging: Language, Bilingualism and Education. Cambridge University Press. 11(1), 85. Doi:10.5565/rev/jtl3.764
-
Hall, G., & Cook, G. (2012). Own-language use in ELT: Exploring global practices and attitudes. Language Teaching, 45(03). Doi: 10.1017/S0261444812000067
-
Kayaoğlu, M. N. (2012). The use of mother tongue in foreign language teaching from teachers’ practice and perspective. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 32, 25-35. Doi: 10.9779/PUJE492
-
Krashen, S. D. (1981). Second language acquisition and second language learning. Pergamon Press.5(01):134. Doi: 10.1017/S0272263100004733
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Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and practice in second language acquisition. Pergamon Press.
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Kumaravadivelu, B. (2006). Understanding language teaching: from method to postmethod. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers. Doi:10.4324/9781410615725
-
Larsen-Freeman, D. (2015) Research into practice: grammar learning and teaching. Language Teaching, 48, 263-280. Doi: 10.1017/s0261444814000408
-
Littlewood, W., & Wang, S. (2022). The role of learners’ first language in the foreign language classroom. Language Tecahing Research Quarterly. 31, 174-182. Doi: 10.32038/ltrq.2022.31.12
-
Macaro, E. (2001). Analysing student teachers’ codeswitching in foreign language classrooms: theories and decision making. The Modern Language Journal, 85(4), 531-548. Doi: 10.1111/0026-7902.00124
-
Macaro, E. (2009). Teacher use of code-switching in the second language classroom: Exploring ‘optimal’ use. In First Language Use in Second and Foreign Language Learning (pp. 35-49). Multilingual Matters. Doi: 10.21832/9781847691972-005
-
Nation, I. S. P. (2003). The role of the first language in foreign language learning. In the role of the first language in second language learning (pp. 1-10). Cambridge University Press. Doi: 10.26686/wgtn.12560333
-
Öz, B. D., & Şengül, K. (2022). Uzaktan yabancılara Türkçe öğretiminde öğrenen özerkliği davranışlarına ilişkin öğretici görüşleri. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Buca Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, (54), 1406-1424. Doi:10.53444/deubefd.1175110
-
Richards, J. C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2014). Approaches and methods in language teaching (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. Doi: 10.1017/CBO9780511667305
-
Sali, P. (2014). An analysis of the teachers’ use of L1 in Turkish EFL classrooms. System, 42(1), 308-318. Doi: 10.1016/j.system.2013.12.021
-
Salmona Madriñan, M. (2014). The use of first language in the second-language classroom: a support for second language acquisition. Gist Education and Learning Research Journal, 9, 50-66. Doi: 10.26817/16925777.143
-
Swain, M., & Lapkin, S. (2000). Task-based second language learning: The uses of the first language. Language Teaching Research, 4(3), 251-274. Doi: 10.1177/136216880000400304
-
Şavlı, F., & Kalafat, S. (2014). Yabancı dil derslerinde ana dili kullanımı üzerine öğretmen ve öğrenci görüşleri. Journal of Turkish Studies, 9(3); 1367-1385. Doi: 10.7827/TurkishStudies.6086
-
Şimşek, M. R. (2010). Yabancı dil öğretiminde ana dili kullanımı: ne zaman, ne kadar, neden. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 1-14. Doi:10.17860/efd.13981
-
Tharp, R. G., & Gallimore, R. (1988). Rousing minds to life: teaching, learning, and schooling in social context. Cambridge University.. Doi:10.1017/CBO9781139173698
-
Thornbury, S. (2007). How to teach speaking. London: Pearson Education Limited.https://www.scribd.com/doc/275587410/Thornbury-How-to-Teach-Speaking-pdf
-
Timor, T. (2021). Use of the mother tongue in teaching a foreign language. Language Education in Asia, 3(1), 7-17. Doi: 10.5746/LEiA/12/V3/I1/A02/Timor
-
Tsagari, D., & Georgiou, E. (2016). Use of mother tongue in second language learning: Voices and practices in private language education in Cyprus. Mediterranean Language Review, 23, 101-126. Doi:10.13173/medilangrevi.23.2016.0101
-
Turnbull, M. (2002). Teachers’ uses of the target and first languages in second and foreign language classrooms. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 22, 204-218. Doi: 10.1017/S0267190502000119
-
Turnbull, M., & Dailey-O’Cain, J. (Eds.). (2009). First language use in second and foreign language learning. Multilingual Matters. Doi: 10.2307/jj.29308487
-
Voicu, C. G. (2012). Overusing mother tongue in English language teaching. International Journal of Communication Research, 2(3), 212-218.
-
Vygotsky, L. S. (1933). Play and its role in the mental development of the child. Soviet Psychology, 5(3), 6–18. https://mindsplain.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/play-and-its-role-in-the-mental-development-of-the-child.pdf
-
Willis, J. (1981). Teaching English through English. London and New York: Longman. Doi: 10.1016/0346-251X(83)90056-8
-
Xu, Y. (2024). A Specific current ıssue in teaching English as a foreign language-learners use their mother tongue in learning English as a foreign language. The Educational Review, USA, 8(3), 438-442. Doi: 10.26855/er.2024.03.018
-
Yadav, M. K. (2023). Role of mother tongue in second language learning. International Journal of Research. 1(11), 572-582.
-
Yavuz, F. (2012). The attitudes of english teachers about the use of L1 in
the teaching of L2. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 46, 4339-4344. Doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.06.251