Investigating The Effect of Alkali Modification on Morphological and Chemical Structures of Vegetable Fibers Utilizable in Composite Material Production

Year 2017, Volume: 24 Issue: 108, 222 - 232, 31.12.2017

Yasemin Seki Figen Selli Korhan Şen Ümit Halis Erdoğan

Abstract

Cellulose based
materials such as vegetable fibers draw attention to be utilizable as filler or
reinforcement material particularly for polymers due to their ecologically
friendly structure, low density and sustainability. The studies which are
performed in order to enhance the usability of cellulose based fibers as
reinforcement materials become essential. In this study, commonly used vegetable
fibers for composite materials production such as flax, hemp, coir, sisal,
banana and jute fibers were treated with alkali, then chemical composition of
the fibers were tested, and structural properties of the fibers were analyzed
by fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy
(SEM) and fluorescence microscopy. In case of the analysis results, it is
determined that alkali modification reduced the content of the non-cellulosic
components, changed the fluorescence color of the fibers regarding to the
change in  fiber chemical composition and
also roughened the fiber surface by creating cleaning effect on fiber surface. 

Keywords

Natural fibers, composite material, surface modification

Kompozit Malzeme Üretiminde Kullanılacak Bitkisel Liflerin Alkali Modifikasyonu Sonrası Morfolojik ve Kimyasal Yapılarındaki Değişimin İncelenmesi

Abstract

Yenilenebilir
ve sürdürülebilir üretimi, çevre dostu olması ve düşük yoğunluğu gibi
özellikleri nedeni ile selülozik liflerin özellikle polimerik malzemelerde takviye
materyali olarak kullanımı dikkat çekmektedir. Selüloz esaslı liflerin takviye
materyali olarak kullanılabilirliğini geliştirmek amacı ile yapılan çalışmalar
önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışma kapsamında, kompozit malzeme üretiminde yaygın
olarak kullanılan bitkisel liflerden keten, kenevir, Hindistan cevizi, sisal,
muz ve jüt liflerinin alkali ile modifikasyonu yapılmış, liflerin içerikleri
analiz edilmiş ve kimyasal yapıları fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi spektroskopisi
(FTIR), morfolojik özellikleri ise taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve
floresan mikroskop ile incelenmiştir. Analiz sonuçları incelendiğinde, alkali
işlemin lif yüzeyinde temizleme etkisi meydana getirerek lifteki selülozik
olmayan bileşenleri azalttığı, lif içeriğinde meydana gelen değişime bağlı
olarak verdiği floresan rengi değiştirdiği ve lif yüzeyini pürüzlendirdiği
belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

Doğal lifler, kompozit malzeme, yüzey modifikasyonu

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