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Mythological Sources of Feminist Theology: Lilith in Jewish Mythology
Abstract
This study critically examines the historical transformation of Lilith, an important mythological source of Judeo-Christian feminist theological tradition, and its impact on feminist thought. The Mother Goddess archetype, which was at the center of the cycle of fertility, life, and death in antiquity, was demonized and transformed into a femme fatale figure with the rise of the patriarchal order. Lilith's transformation in this context is considered one of the examples of the negative positioning of women in religious and cultural narratives and shows how female images in Judeo-Christian sacred texts serve to reinforce patriarchal structures. Starting from the etymological origins of Lilith, the study examines her position within the polytheistic belief system of antiquity and how she was reshaped in monotheistic traditions. The transformation of Lilith into a malevolent figure in Judeo-Christian scriptural narratives is associated with the perception of the female body, sexuality, and autonomy as a threat and is considered as an element that reinforces the anti-woman constructs of patriarchal theology. This transformation has formed the basis of theological critiques by Western feminist movements and has contributed to feminist theology's efforts to reinterpret female archetypes. In conclusion, by analyzing the interplay between religious narratives and gender relations, the study reveals that Lilith's transformation is a theological issue and plays a vital role in shaping feminist thought. This context provides a critical framework for comparing feminist theology with the patriarchal religious tradition.
Keywords
References
- Black, Jeremy and Anthony Green. Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia: An Illustrated Dictionary. London: The British Museum Press, 1992.
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- British Museum. Queen of the Night, Babylonia, 1800–1750 BC (brochure). 2004a. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/W_2003-0718-1
- Carvalho, Diana, "Woman Has Two Faces: Re-Examining Eve and Lilith in Jewish Feminist Thought" (2009). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 115. https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/115
- Carvalho, Diana. "Woman Has Two Faces: Re-Examining Eve and Lilith in Jewish Feminist Thought." PhD diss., Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2009.
- Çınar, Alev. “Lilith: Yahudi Mitolojisinde Ana Tanrıça’nın Düşüş ve Şeytana Dönüşme Serüveni,” Bilimname 35(1), (2018): 363-395.
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Details
Primary Language
English
Subjects
Philosophy of Religion
Journal Section
Research Article
Authors
Publication Date
June 2, 2025
Submission Date
March 3, 2025
Acceptance Date
April 11, 2025
Published in Issue
Year 2025 Number: 23
APA
Akgün Özbey, M. (2025). Mythological Sources of Feminist Theology: Lilith in Jewish Mythology. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi, 23, 177-187. https://doi.org/10.55256/temasa.1650396
AMA
1.Akgün Özbey M. Mythological Sources of Feminist Theology: Lilith in Jewish Mythology. Temasa Journal of Philosophy. 2025;(23):177-187. doi:10.55256/temasa.1650396
Chicago
Akgün Özbey, Melek. 2025. “Mythological Sources of Feminist Theology: Lilith in Jewish Mythology”. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi, nos. 23: 177-87. https://doi.org/10.55256/temasa.1650396.
EndNote
Akgün Özbey M (June 1, 2025) Mythological Sources of Feminist Theology: Lilith in Jewish Mythology. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi 23 177–187.
IEEE
[1]M. Akgün Özbey, “Mythological Sources of Feminist Theology: Lilith in Jewish Mythology”, Temasa Journal of Philosophy, no. 23, pp. 177–187, June 2025, doi: 10.55256/temasa.1650396.
ISNAD
Akgün Özbey, Melek. “Mythological Sources of Feminist Theology: Lilith in Jewish Mythology”. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi. 23 (June 1, 2025): 177-187. https://doi.org/10.55256/temasa.1650396.
JAMA
1.Akgün Özbey M. Mythological Sources of Feminist Theology: Lilith in Jewish Mythology. Temasa Journal of Philosophy. 2025;:177–187.
MLA
Akgün Özbey, Melek. “Mythological Sources of Feminist Theology: Lilith in Jewish Mythology”. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi, no. 23, June 2025, pp. 177-8, doi:10.55256/temasa.1650396.
Vancouver
1.Melek Akgün Özbey. Mythological Sources of Feminist Theology: Lilith in Jewish Mythology. Temasa Journal of Philosophy. 2025 Jun. 1;(23):177-8. doi:10.55256/temasa.1650396