Sol Popülizmin Avrupa’daki Geleceği: Podemos ve Syriza Bağlamında Bir İnceleme

Year 2024, , 815 - 839, 25.07.2024

Vildan Meydan

https://doi.org/10.30626/tesamakademi.1333652

Abstract

Bu çalışma, sol popülizmin merkez Avrupa’ya sirayetini Yunanistan ve İspanya özelinde, Podemos ve Syriza hükümetleri bağlamında incelemektedir. Bu doğrultuda çalışma, tarihsel süreçte sol popülizmin iki ülkede yükselişe geçtiği ve ardından iktidarı kaybetme ile sonuçlanan süreci ele almakta, bu bağlamda sol popülizmin başarısızlığının sebeplerini sorgulamaktadır. Bu çerçevede çalışma Podemos ve Syriza’nın İspanya ve Yunanistan’da başarıya ulaşan ve kısa bir süre sonra ise düşüşe geçmesine neden olan politikalarını incelemektedir. Çalışmanın temel amacı, sol popülizmin vadettiği politikaların gerçekleştirilmesinde, partilerin iktidara geçmesi durumunda başarılı olup olmadıkları sorusunu ve dolayısıyla Avrupa’da sol popülizmin geleceğini Podemos ve Syriza örnekleri üzerinden incelemektir. Avrupa’da önemli etkilere sahip 2008 ekonomik krizinin gerek İspanya gerekse Yunanistan siyasal sistemlerinde sol popülizme hızlı bir ivme kazandırdığı görülmekle birlikte, mevcut siyasal yapıya bakıldığında iki ülkede de sol popülizmin etkisini kaybetmeye başladığı ortadadır. İspanya ve Yunanistan’da sol popülist parti ve liderlerin vadettiği ekonomik iyileşme gerçekleşmemiş, bu başarısızlık sol popülizmin yarattığı momentumun kaybolmasına neden olmuştur. Bu kapsamda çalışma, sağ popülizmin etkinliğini koruduğu Avrupa’da sol popülizmin popülerliğini kaybettiği, bununla birlikte halihazırda yaşanan ekonomik problemlerin sürmesi halinde eski etkinliğine dönme olasılığının da bulunduğu sonucuna varmıştır.

Keywords

Podemos, Syriza, sol-popülizm, Avrupa

The Future of Left Populism in Europe: An Examination in the Context of Podemos and Syriza

Abstract

This study examines the spread of left populism to central Europe in the context of the Podemos and Syriza governments in Greece and Spain. In this regard, the study examines the historical process in which left populism rose in two countries and subsequently resulted in the loss of power, and in this context, questions the reasons for the failure of left populism. In this context, the study examines the policies of Podemos and Syriza, which were successful in Spain and Greece and caused their decline after a short time. The main purpose of the study is to examine the question of whether parties are successful in realizing the policies promised by left-wing populism if they come to power, and therefore the future of left-wing populism in Europe through the examples of Podemos and Syriza. Although it is seen that the 2008 economic crisis, which had significant effects in Europe, gave a rapid acceleration to left populism in the political systems of both Spain and Greece, when looking at the current political structure, it is obvious that left populism has begun to lose its influence in both countries. The economic recovery promised by left populist parties and leaders in Spain and Greece did not materialize, and this failure caused the momentum created by left populism to disappear. In this context, the study concluded that left-wing populism has lost its popularity in Europe, where right-wing populism maintains its effectiveness, but there is a possibility of returning to its former effectiveness if the current economic problems continue.

Keywords

Podemos, Syriza, Left Wing Populism, Europe

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