TÜRKİYE’DE SİYASİ PARTİ SİSTEMLERİ: 1980 SONRASI DÖNEM

Abstract

Çoğunlukla uygulanmakta olan seçim sisteminin etkisiyle ortaya çıkan parti sistemleri, kendi içerisinde, tek partili, iki partili ve çok partili sistemler olmak üzere üçe ayrılmaktadır. Türkiye’de cumhuriyetin kuruluşundan itibaren tek partili ve çok partili sistemlerin geçerli olduğu dönemler yaşanmıştır. Bu durum çalışmada ele alınan dönemde de geçerlidir. Çalışmada 1980 sonrası parti sistemleri üç farklı alt dönem içerisinde incelenmiştir. Bunlar: I. 1980-1991 dönemi; II. 1991-2002 dönemi ve III. 2002-2018 dönemidir. İstatistiki verilere ve önemli siyaset bilimi uzmanlarının (örneğin Sartori) belirlediği ilkelere göre, 1980-1991 dönemi ve 1991-2002 dönemi çok partili sistem olarak; 2002-2018 dönemi ise tek partili sistem olarak tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Siyasi Partiler
• Parti Sistemleri
• Seçim Sistemleri

POLITICAL PARTY SYSTEMS IN TURKEY: POST 1980 PERIOD

Abstract

The party systems, which are mostly formed by the influence of the electoral system, are divided into three groups as single-party, two-party and multi-party systems. In Turkey, since the republic's establishment, there have been periods of single-party and multi-party system. This is also the case in the period covered in the study. In the study, post-1980 party systems were examined in three different sub-periods. These are, I. 1980-1991 period; II. 1991-2002 period and III. 2002-2018 period. According to statistical data and the principles determined by important political science experts (for example, Sartori), the period 1980-1991 and 1991-2002 were identified as a multi-party system, and the period 2002-2018 as a single-party system.

Keywords

• Political Parties
• Party Systems
• Election Systems

References

1. Atılgan, G. and E. A. Aytekin (2015). Siyaset Bilimi: Kavramlar, İdeolojiler, Disiplinler Arası İlişkiler (5th edition). İstanbul: Yordam Kitap.
2. Aydoğdu, Y. (2015). Election Systems and Turkey. Unpublished Master Thesis, Kırıkkale University, Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Public Law, Kırıkkale.
3. Epstein, L. D (2000). Political Parties in Western Democracies (4th edition). New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers.
4. Erdoğan, M. (2013). Relations Between Election Systems and Political Parties. Unpublished Master Thesis, Gazi University, Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Public Law, Ankara.
5. Kapani, M. (2007). Politika Bilimine Giriş (19th edition). İstanbul: Bilgi Publishing.
6. Özbudun, E. (1964). “M. Duverger’in Siyasal Partileri ve Siyasal Partilerin İncelenmesinde Bazı Metodolojik Problemler”. Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Law, 21 (1), pp. 23-51.
7. Özbudun, E. (1995). “Seçim Sistemleri ve Türkiye”, Journal of Ankara University Faculty of Law, 44 (1), pp. 521-539.
8. Sartori, G. (2005). Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis. Colchester: ECPR Press.

9. Schlesinger, J. A. (1994). Political Parties and The Winning of Office. United States of America: The University of Michigan Press.
10. TEPAV, The Economic Policy Research Foundation of Turkey, (08.09.2020).
11. Wolinetz, S. (2006). Party Systems and Party System Types. Handbook of Party Politics (1st edition). (Ed. R. S. Katz and W. Crotty). London: SAGE Publications.
12. Yılmaz, H. (2004). Election Systems and Turkey. Unpublished Master Thesis, Karadeniz Technical University, Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Public Administration, Trabzon.
13. Yüksek Seçim Kurulu (Supreme Electoral Council), (02.05.2019).