Numerical investigation of mixed convection in a square lid-driven cavity with influence of orientation and nanoparticle addition on heat transfer characteristics: Multi-objective optimization approach

T. Ravi Kumar Reddy; D. R. Srinivasan

Numerical investigation of mixed convection in a square lid-driven cavity with influence of orientation and nanoparticle addition on heat transfer characteristics: Multi-objective optimization approach

Abstract

Response surface methodology is employed to optimize the operating variables (i.e., Reynolds number (150 ≤ Re ≤ 2500), Grashof number (103 to 106) and Richardson number (0.01 ≤ Ri ≤ 12) with different orientations (horizontal and vertical) blocks with mixed convection heat transfer is analysed. Initially, numerical investigations are carried out on a lid-driven cavity with different orientations by employing a laminar mixed convection phenomenon. Optimized results are considered for defining the new models to reduce computational time and effort. Obtained optimized results are validated with numerical results (Nusselt number) and found to be in good agreement. The present work analysis is carried out on a rectangular cavity with different geometries inserted horizontally and vertically by varying the distance (0.2 ≤ W/L ≤ 0.8). As the distance between the blocks varied, the Nusselt number was affected. Also, it is observed that with higher Ri and Re, an enhanced Nu number is observed with vertical compared to horizontal models. In the case of vertical model, maximum Nu is observed at a W/L distance of 0.5 and Ri of 0.043; however, in case of horizontal models at a W/L distance of 0.2 and Ri of 0.043. Ultimately, novel relationships between the Nu number with other dimensionless parameters (Gr, Re) with different orientations (W/L) have been established, with the intention of potentially using them in engineering design.

Keywords

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

T. Ravi Kumar Reddy ^* This is me
0009-0002-3771-7526
India

D. R. Srinivasan This is me
0009-0001-5145-2192
India

Publication Date

May 16, 2025

Submission Date

March 21, 2024

Acceptance Date

June 27, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 11 Number: 3

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA75EN77DJ

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Reddy, T. R. K., & Srinivasan, D. R. (2025). Numerical investigation of mixed convection in a square lid-driven cavity with influence of orientation and nanoparticle addition on heat transfer characteristics: Multi-objective optimization approach. Journal of Thermal Engineering, 11(3), 685-702. https://izlik.org/JA75EN77DJ

AMA

1.Reddy TRK, Srinivasan DR. Numerical investigation of mixed convection in a square lid-driven cavity with influence of orientation and nanoparticle addition on heat transfer characteristics: Multi-objective optimization approach. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2025;11(3):685-702. https://izlik.org/JA75EN77DJ

Chicago

Reddy, T. Ravi Kumar, and D. R. Srinivasan. 2025. “Numerical Investigation of Mixed Convection in a Square Lid-Driven Cavity With Influence of Orientation and Nanoparticle Addition on Heat Transfer Characteristics: Multi-Objective Optimization Approach”. Journal of Thermal Engineering 11 (3): 685-702. https://izlik.org/JA75EN77DJ.

EndNote

Reddy TRK, Srinivasan DR (May 1, 2025) Numerical investigation of mixed convection in a square lid-driven cavity with influence of orientation and nanoparticle addition on heat transfer characteristics: Multi-objective optimization approach. Journal of Thermal Engineering 11 3 685–702.

IEEE

[1]T. R. K. Reddy and D. R. Srinivasan, “Numerical investigation of mixed convection in a square lid-driven cavity with influence of orientation and nanoparticle addition on heat transfer characteristics: Multi-objective optimization approach”, Journal of Thermal Engineering, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 685–702, May 2025, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA75EN77DJ

ISNAD

Reddy, T. Ravi Kumar - Srinivasan, D. R. “Numerical Investigation of Mixed Convection in a Square Lid-Driven Cavity With Influence of Orientation and Nanoparticle Addition on Heat Transfer Characteristics: Multi-Objective Optimization Approach”. Journal of Thermal Engineering 11/3 (May 1, 2025): 685-702. https://izlik.org/JA75EN77DJ.

JAMA

1.Reddy TRK, Srinivasan DR. Numerical investigation of mixed convection in a square lid-driven cavity with influence of orientation and nanoparticle addition on heat transfer characteristics: Multi-objective optimization approach. Journal of Thermal Engineering. 2025;11:685–702.

MLA

Reddy, T. Ravi Kumar, and D. R. Srinivasan. “Numerical Investigation of Mixed Convection in a Square Lid-Driven Cavity With Influence of Orientation and Nanoparticle Addition on Heat Transfer Characteristics: Multi-Objective Optimization Approach”. Journal of Thermal Engineering, vol. 11, no. 3, May 2025, pp. 685-02, https://izlik.org/JA75EN77DJ.

Vancouver

1.T. Ravi Kumar Reddy, D. R. Srinivasan. Numerical investigation of mixed convection in a square lid-driven cavity with influence of orientation and nanoparticle addition on heat transfer characteristics: Multi-objective optimization approach. Journal of Thermal Engineering [Internet]. 2025 May 1;11(3):685-702. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA75EN77DJ