Heat transfer performance of Li-ion battery pack using composite phase change material: A review

Year 2025, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 896 - 921, 16.05.2025

Vinayak T. Mandlik Sandipkumar Sonawane Milind Patil

Abstract

Electric Vehicles (EVs) rely on Li-ion batteries (Li-ion), which perform best in an operating temperature range of 15ÅãC to 40ÅãC. However, in regions where ambient temperatures are higher, EVs can catch fire even with thermal management systems. To address this issue, researchers are exploring the use of phase change materials (PCM) in battery thermal management systems (BTMS). PCM-based BTMS can maintain operating temperatures within the standard range for a long time without additional power, thus improving battery lifespan. Various types of PCM, such as Composite phase change material (CPCM) and Flexible phase change material (FCPM), have been proposed for BTMS to address existing issues like overheating, internal heat generation, and optimization. Battery Thermal Management Systems (BTMS) in Electric Vehicles (EVs) have issues like overheating during running and charging, internal heat generation, optimization, and battery life. The maximum temperature difference (ΔTmax) is achieved between 2ÅãC to 20ÅãC for different discharge rates. This reduces the battery surface temperature by 24% to 70% and improves battery lifespan.

Keywords

Composite Phase Change Material (CPCM) , Flexible Phase Change Material (FCPM) , Heat Transfer Performance , Li-ion Battery , Phase Change Material (PCM)

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