Research Article

Muslim–Hindu Relations in the Delhi Sultanate: A Socio-Political Analysis

Volume: 12 Number: Özel Sayı November 30, 2025
TR EN

Muslim–Hindu Relations in the Delhi Sultanate: A Socio-Political Analysis

Abstract

This article examines Muslim–Hindu relations during the Delhi Sultanate (1206–1526) both within the framework of South Asian historiography and Area Studies, offering its original contribution through a reinterpretation of intercommunal encounters that transcends static religious categories by combining socio-political theory with critical source analysis. The Delhi Sultanate is approached not merely as a period of conquest or cultural accommodation, but as a multifaceted era in which political negotiations, social hierarchies, temple desecrations, cultural exchanges, and identity negotiations were deeply intertwined. This era represented the first enduring Muslim political presence in northern India, transforming not only administrative and military institutions but also everyday social interactions and religiously infused cultural practices. The article employs a historical-analytical method, drawing on chronicles, inscriptions, travelers’ accounts, and secondary literature, while critically engaging with historiographical debates ranging from conquest-centered narratives to interpretations of cultural synthesis. It further underscores the necessity of a close reading of Muslim court historians’ legitimacy-focused accounts alongside the ideological framings of indigenous Hindu sources. Findings suggest that patterns of conflict intensified during periods of political instability, whereas phases of stable governance expanded opportunities for coexistence and cultural interaction. In conclusion, the Delhi Sultanate must be evaluated not solely as a political regime but as a formative “contact zone” in which identities and practices of coexistence were shaped. Indeed, this process not only ensured the entrenchment of Islam in the Indian subcontinent during the period in question, but also left behind a lasting legacy that continues to directly shape the religion-based political dynamics of contemporary India.

Keywords

References

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  2. Ahmed, Aziz. Studies in Islamic Culture in the Indian Environment. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.
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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

World Languages, Literature and Culture (Other), Comparative Religious Studies

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

November 30, 2025

Submission Date

August 30, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 14, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 12 Number: Özel Sayı

APA
Kayalı, Y. (2025). Muslim–Hindu Relations in the Delhi Sultanate: A Socio-Political Analysis. Trabzon İlahiyat Dergisi, 12(Özel Sayı), 169-191. https://doi.org/10.33718/tid.1774119
AMA
1.Kayalı Y. Muslim–Hindu Relations in the Delhi Sultanate: A Socio-Political Analysis. Trabzon İlahiyat Dergisi. 2025;12(Özel Sayı):169-191. doi:10.33718/tid.1774119
Chicago
Kayalı, Yalçin. 2025. “Muslim–Hindu Relations in the Delhi Sultanate: A Socio-Political Analysis”. Trabzon İlahiyat Dergisi 12 (Özel Sayı): 169-91. https://doi.org/10.33718/tid.1774119.
EndNote
Kayalı Y (November 1, 2025) Muslim–Hindu Relations in the Delhi Sultanate: A Socio-Political Analysis. Trabzon İlahiyat Dergisi 12 Özel Sayı 169–191.
IEEE
[1]Y. Kayalı, “Muslim–Hindu Relations in the Delhi Sultanate: A Socio-Political Analysis”, Trabzon İlahiyat Dergisi, vol. 12, no. Özel Sayı, pp. 169–191, Nov. 2025, doi: 10.33718/tid.1774119.
ISNAD
Kayalı, Yalçin. “Muslim–Hindu Relations in the Delhi Sultanate: A Socio-Political Analysis”. Trabzon İlahiyat Dergisi 12/Özel Sayı (November 1, 2025): 169-191. https://doi.org/10.33718/tid.1774119.
JAMA
1.Kayalı Y. Muslim–Hindu Relations in the Delhi Sultanate: A Socio-Political Analysis. Trabzon İlahiyat Dergisi. 2025;12:169–191.
MLA
Kayalı, Yalçin. “Muslim–Hindu Relations in the Delhi Sultanate: A Socio-Political Analysis”. Trabzon İlahiyat Dergisi, vol. 12, no. Özel Sayı, Nov. 2025, pp. 169-91, doi:10.33718/tid.1774119.
Vancouver
1.Yalçin Kayalı. Muslim–Hindu Relations in the Delhi Sultanate: A Socio-Political Analysis. Trabzon İlahiyat Dergisi. 2025 Nov. 1;12(Özel Sayı):169-91. doi:10.33718/tid.1774119