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Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: Özel Sayı, 57 - 75, 30.11.2025
https://doi.org/10.33718/tid.1774302

Abstract

References

  • Arslan, Hammet. “Holi: Hindu Bahar Bayramı”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 39 (07 June 2014), 181-220. https://doi.org/10.21054/deuifd.394309
  • Arslan, Hammet. “İslam’ın Hint Kültürüne Etkisi: Ahmed Yesevi, Kabir ve Guru Nanak Örneği”. 399-422. Ankara: Merkez Repro Basım Yayın Ltd. Şti., 2017.
  • Asher, Catherine Blanshard. Delhi’s Qutb Complex: The Minar, Mosque and Mehrauli. Mumbai: Marg Foundation, 2017.
  • Avari, Burjor. Islamic Civilization in South Asia: A History of Muslim Power and Presence in the Indian Subcontinent. New York: Routledge, 2013.
  • Beg, Farḥatullāh. Bahadur Shah and the Festival of Flower-Sellers. trans. Mohammed Zakir. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan, 2012.
  • Bigelow, Anna. “Lived Secularism: Studies in India and Turkey”. Journal of the American Academy of Religion 87/3 (2019), 725-764.
  • Bîrûnî, Kıvameddin Burslan (trans.) Ebû Reyhân Muhammed b Ahmed el-. Tahkîku mâ li’l-hind. Bîrûnî’nin Gözüyle Hindistan. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu, 2015.
  • Chandra, Satish. History of Medieval India: 800-1700. New Delhi: Orient Longman, 1. publ., 2007.
  • Dalrymple, William. The Last Mughal: The Fall of a Dynasty, Delhi, 1857. London: Bloomsbury, Paperback ed., 2007.
  • Dehlvi, Syed Wazir Hasan. “The Last Glimpse of Delhi”. trans. Rana Safvi. City of My Heart: Accounts of Love, Loss and Betrayal in Nineteenth-Century Delhi. 21-59. Gurugram: Hachette India, 2018.
  • Eaton, Richard Maxwell. Temple Desecration and Muslim States in Medieval India. Gurgaon: Hope India, 2004.
  • Etter, Anne-Julie. “Antiquarian Knowledge and Preservation of Indian Monuments at the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century”. Knowledge Production, Pedagogy, and Institutions in Colonial India. ed. Daud Ali - Indra Sengupta. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.
  • Gupta, Narayani. Delhi Between Two Empires, 1803-1931: Society, Government and Urban Growth. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1981.
  • Kinra, Rajeev. “Revisiting the History and Historiography of Mughal Pluralism”. ReOrient 5 (01 April 2020), 137-182. https://doi.org/10.13169/reorient.5.2.0137
  • Kumar, Usha Dayal. Phool Waalon Ki Sair. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications, 2014.
  • Kutlutürk, Cemil. Hint Düşüncesinde İslam Algısı. İstanbul: Dergah Yayınları, 2019.
  • Legg, Stephen. Spaces of Colonialism: Delhi’s Urban Governmentalities. New Jersey: Wiley Blackwell, 2007.
  • Masatoğlu, Mehmet. “Building Bridges in a Divided Society: Addressing Hindutva and Muslim Conflicts in India”. Marifetname 11/1 (30 June 2024), 65-94. https://doi.org/10.47425/marifetname.vi.1443553
  • Munshi, Faizuddin. “The Last Assembly”. Trans. Rana Safvi. City of My Heart: Accounts of Love, Loss and Betrayal in Nineteenth-Century Delhi. 60-106. Gurugram: Hachette India, 2018.
  • Parveen, Shiza. “The Hidden Gem of Communal Spirit: Phool Walon Ki Sair”. Samvedna III/1 (2021), 11-16.
  • Pernau, Margrit. “Celebrating Monsoon Feelings: The Flower-Sellers’ Festival of Delhi”. Monsoon Feelings: A History of Emotions in the Rain. ed. Imke Rajamani vd. 379-407. New Delhi: Niyogi Books, 2018.
  • Possehl, Gregory L. The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary Perspective. New Delhi: AltaMira Press, 2002.
  • Sircar, Sraman. “The Politics of Celebration: Interrogating The Secular Heritage of The Phool Waalon Ki Sair Festival in Delhi”. Contemporary South Asia 33/1 (02 January 2025), 36-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2024.2446283
  • Smith, R. V. Delhi: Unknown Tales of A City. New Delhi: Roli Books Private Limited, 2015.
  • Tancî, Ebu Abdullah Muhammed İbn Battuta. İbn Battuta Seyahatnamesi. Trans. A. Sait Aykut. 2 Cilt. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2004.
  • Tharoor, Shashi. Inglorious Empire. London: Penguin Books Ltd, 2017.
  • Constitiution of India, Constitiution of India. Fundamental Rights 12-35 (ts.).
  • Constitution of India, Constitution of India. Eighth Schedule 344(1), 351 (1950). https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/EighthSchedule_19052017.pdf
  • Phool Waalon Ki Sair. “History”. Accessed July 24, 2025. https://phoolwaalonkisair.com/the-event/
  • “Once a symbol of secularism, Phoolwalon ki Sair festival is now a mere shadow of its past glory”. Accessed July 10, 2025. https://scroll.in/magazine/855992/once-a-secular-symbol-mehraulis-phoolwalon-ki-sair-festival-is-now-a-bureaucratic-circus
  • India Heritage. “Phool Walon Ki Sair”. Accessed July 20, 2025. https://indiaheritage.in/phool-waalon-ki-sair-procession-of-flower-sellers/
  • The Hindu. “The Forgotten Legacy of the Phoolwalon ki Sair”. Accessed July 14, 2025. https://www.thehindu.com/society/history-and-culture/the-forgotten-legacy-of-the-phoolwalon-ki-sair-flowers-for-the-prince/article29887483.ece

Hafızanın Çiçekleri, Birliğin Tohumları: Ful Valon Ki Sair’i Yeniden Yorumlamak

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: Özel Sayı, 57 - 75, 30.11.2025
https://doi.org/10.33718/tid.1774302

Abstract

Hint alt kıtası, küresel ölçekte en fazla müntesibi bulunan üçüncü din yani Hinduizm’in anavatanı olmasının yanında yoğun bir Müslüman kitleye de ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Hint alt kıtasında Müslüman varlığının ilk görüldüğü zamanlardan itibaren Müslümanlar ve Hindular arasında yoğun etkileşimlerin olduğu, bu etkileşimlerin iki dinin mensuplarının birbirlerinin inanç, kültür ve hayat tarzı bakımından bazı öğeleri benimsemesi ile sonuçlandığı da bir hakikattir. Bu etkileşimler bazen olumlu ve ılımlı bir zeminde varlık gösterirken bazen karşılıklı gerilim ve çatışmalara sebebiyet vermiştir. Meydana gelen bu toplumsal gerginliği ve kutuplaşmaları ortadan kaldırmak için hemen her devirde yöneticilerce çeşitli yolların denendiği görülmüştür. Dinî ve kültürel anlamda birbirine uzak uçlarda görünen bu iki inancın mensuplarını birbirine yaklaştıracak yollar denenmiştir. “Ful Valon ki Sair” yani “Çiçekçilerin Alayı” Festivali bunun güzel bir örneğini teşkil etmektedir. İlk olarak hükümdar II. Ekber Şah (1760-1837) döneminde kutlanmaya başlanan bu festival sonraki süreçte Jawaharlal Nehru tarafından yeniden icra ettirilmiş, Müslüman ve Hindu halk arasındaki birlik ve beraberliğin tesisinin sağlanması amaçlanmıştır. Bu festival dinî olmaktan ziyade kültürel bir değer taşımaktadır ve hem Hindularca hem de Müslümanlarca kutlanarak içselleştirilmiştir. Devlet yöneticilerinin farklı kültür ve inanca sahip bir toplumu birleştirerek ayrılık ve nefreti ortadan kaldırmaya yönelik çabalarına dair nadide bir örnek olan bu festival birçok açıdan dikkate şayandır. İngiliz emperyalist yönetiminin bölgede baskın olduğu bir dönemde kutlanmaya başlanan, Hindu ve Müslüman inancını birleştirmekten ziyade birlikte sevinme ve kutlama yapmak amacına hizmet eden bu festivali Dinler Tarihi perspektifinden ele almak önemli ve gerekli bir hal almıştır. Bu çalışmada söz konusu festivalin Hindu ve Müslüman topluluklar tarafından tarihsel süreç içerisinde nasıl icra edildiği, tarihî, mukayeseli ve betimleyici yöntemler çerçevesinde ele alınacak; ayrıca konuya ilişkin bazı çağdaş analizlere de yer verilecektir. Araştırmanın günümüzde Hint alt kıtasında süregelen gergin Hindu-Müslüman ilişkilerine dair Türkiye’de ve uluslararası platformlarda yapılan çalışmalara katkı sağlayacak özgün bir eser olacağı kanaatindeyiz.

References

  • Arslan, Hammet. “Holi: Hindu Bahar Bayramı”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 39 (07 June 2014), 181-220. https://doi.org/10.21054/deuifd.394309
  • Arslan, Hammet. “İslam’ın Hint Kültürüne Etkisi: Ahmed Yesevi, Kabir ve Guru Nanak Örneği”. 399-422. Ankara: Merkez Repro Basım Yayın Ltd. Şti., 2017.
  • Asher, Catherine Blanshard. Delhi’s Qutb Complex: The Minar, Mosque and Mehrauli. Mumbai: Marg Foundation, 2017.
  • Avari, Burjor. Islamic Civilization in South Asia: A History of Muslim Power and Presence in the Indian Subcontinent. New York: Routledge, 2013.
  • Beg, Farḥatullāh. Bahadur Shah and the Festival of Flower-Sellers. trans. Mohammed Zakir. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan, 2012.
  • Bigelow, Anna. “Lived Secularism: Studies in India and Turkey”. Journal of the American Academy of Religion 87/3 (2019), 725-764.
  • Bîrûnî, Kıvameddin Burslan (trans.) Ebû Reyhân Muhammed b Ahmed el-. Tahkîku mâ li’l-hind. Bîrûnî’nin Gözüyle Hindistan. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu, 2015.
  • Chandra, Satish. History of Medieval India: 800-1700. New Delhi: Orient Longman, 1. publ., 2007.
  • Dalrymple, William. The Last Mughal: The Fall of a Dynasty, Delhi, 1857. London: Bloomsbury, Paperback ed., 2007.
  • Dehlvi, Syed Wazir Hasan. “The Last Glimpse of Delhi”. trans. Rana Safvi. City of My Heart: Accounts of Love, Loss and Betrayal in Nineteenth-Century Delhi. 21-59. Gurugram: Hachette India, 2018.
  • Eaton, Richard Maxwell. Temple Desecration and Muslim States in Medieval India. Gurgaon: Hope India, 2004.
  • Etter, Anne-Julie. “Antiquarian Knowledge and Preservation of Indian Monuments at the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century”. Knowledge Production, Pedagogy, and Institutions in Colonial India. ed. Daud Ali - Indra Sengupta. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.
  • Gupta, Narayani. Delhi Between Two Empires, 1803-1931: Society, Government and Urban Growth. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1981.
  • Kinra, Rajeev. “Revisiting the History and Historiography of Mughal Pluralism”. ReOrient 5 (01 April 2020), 137-182. https://doi.org/10.13169/reorient.5.2.0137
  • Kumar, Usha Dayal. Phool Waalon Ki Sair. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications, 2014.
  • Kutlutürk, Cemil. Hint Düşüncesinde İslam Algısı. İstanbul: Dergah Yayınları, 2019.
  • Legg, Stephen. Spaces of Colonialism: Delhi’s Urban Governmentalities. New Jersey: Wiley Blackwell, 2007.
  • Masatoğlu, Mehmet. “Building Bridges in a Divided Society: Addressing Hindutva and Muslim Conflicts in India”. Marifetname 11/1 (30 June 2024), 65-94. https://doi.org/10.47425/marifetname.vi.1443553
  • Munshi, Faizuddin. “The Last Assembly”. Trans. Rana Safvi. City of My Heart: Accounts of Love, Loss and Betrayal in Nineteenth-Century Delhi. 60-106. Gurugram: Hachette India, 2018.
  • Parveen, Shiza. “The Hidden Gem of Communal Spirit: Phool Walon Ki Sair”. Samvedna III/1 (2021), 11-16.
  • Pernau, Margrit. “Celebrating Monsoon Feelings: The Flower-Sellers’ Festival of Delhi”. Monsoon Feelings: A History of Emotions in the Rain. ed. Imke Rajamani vd. 379-407. New Delhi: Niyogi Books, 2018.
  • Possehl, Gregory L. The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary Perspective. New Delhi: AltaMira Press, 2002.
  • Sircar, Sraman. “The Politics of Celebration: Interrogating The Secular Heritage of The Phool Waalon Ki Sair Festival in Delhi”. Contemporary South Asia 33/1 (02 January 2025), 36-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2024.2446283
  • Smith, R. V. Delhi: Unknown Tales of A City. New Delhi: Roli Books Private Limited, 2015.
  • Tancî, Ebu Abdullah Muhammed İbn Battuta. İbn Battuta Seyahatnamesi. Trans. A. Sait Aykut. 2 Cilt. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2004.
  • Tharoor, Shashi. Inglorious Empire. London: Penguin Books Ltd, 2017.
  • Constitiution of India, Constitiution of India. Fundamental Rights 12-35 (ts.).
  • Constitution of India, Constitution of India. Eighth Schedule 344(1), 351 (1950). https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/EighthSchedule_19052017.pdf
  • Phool Waalon Ki Sair. “History”. Accessed July 24, 2025. https://phoolwaalonkisair.com/the-event/
  • “Once a symbol of secularism, Phoolwalon ki Sair festival is now a mere shadow of its past glory”. Accessed July 10, 2025. https://scroll.in/magazine/855992/once-a-secular-symbol-mehraulis-phoolwalon-ki-sair-festival-is-now-a-bureaucratic-circus
  • India Heritage. “Phool Walon Ki Sair”. Accessed July 20, 2025. https://indiaheritage.in/phool-waalon-ki-sair-procession-of-flower-sellers/
  • The Hindu. “The Forgotten Legacy of the Phoolwalon ki Sair”. Accessed July 14, 2025. https://www.thehindu.com/society/history-and-culture/the-forgotten-legacy-of-the-phoolwalon-ki-sair-flowers-for-the-prince/article29887483.ece

Flowers of Memory, Seeds of Unity: Reinterpreting Phool Walon ki Sair

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: Özel Sayı, 57 - 75, 30.11.2025
https://doi.org/10.33718/tid.1774302

Abstract

The Indian subcontinent, the homeland of Hinduism, the third most practiced religion in the world today, and home to the vast majority of its believers, also has a large Muslim population. It is also a fact that there have been intense interactions between Muslims and Hindus since the first Muslim presence in the Indian subcontinent, and that these interactions have resulted in the members of the two religions adopting certain elements of each other’s beliefs, culture and lifestyle. Sometimes these interactions have been positive and moderate, while at other times they have led to mutual tension and conflicts. It has been observed that various methods have been tried by the rulers in almost every era to eliminate this social tension and polarization. They have attempted to bring the adherents of these two faiths, which appear to be at different religious and cultural extremes, closer together. Phool Walon ki Sair, the Florists’ Procession Festival, is a perfect example of this. First celebrated during the reign of the ruler Akbar Shah II (1760-1837), it was later reintroduced by Jawaharlal Nehru to promote unity and solidarity between the Muslim and Hindu communities. This festival has a cultural rather than religious value and has been celebrated and internalized by both Hindus and Muslims. This festival, a rare example of state officials’ efforts to unite a community of diverse cultures and beliefs and eliminate division and hatred, is noteworthy in many respects. It has become important and necessary to examine this festival, which began to be celebrated during a period when the British imperialist rule was dominant in the region, and which served the purpose of rejoicing and celebrating together rather than uniting the Hindu and Muslim faiths, from the perspective of the History of Religions. In this study, how Hindus and Muslims have celebrated this festival from past to present will be discussed with a historical, comparative and descriptive method and some current analyses will be attempted. We believe that this study will be a noteworthy work that will contribute to the studies conducted in Türkiye and internationally on the ongoing tense Hindu-Muslim relations in the Indian subcontinent.

References

  • Arslan, Hammet. “Holi: Hindu Bahar Bayramı”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İlahiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 39 (07 June 2014), 181-220. https://doi.org/10.21054/deuifd.394309
  • Arslan, Hammet. “İslam’ın Hint Kültürüne Etkisi: Ahmed Yesevi, Kabir ve Guru Nanak Örneği”. 399-422. Ankara: Merkez Repro Basım Yayın Ltd. Şti., 2017.
  • Asher, Catherine Blanshard. Delhi’s Qutb Complex: The Minar, Mosque and Mehrauli. Mumbai: Marg Foundation, 2017.
  • Avari, Burjor. Islamic Civilization in South Asia: A History of Muslim Power and Presence in the Indian Subcontinent. New York: Routledge, 2013.
  • Beg, Farḥatullāh. Bahadur Shah and the Festival of Flower-Sellers. trans. Mohammed Zakir. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan, 2012.
  • Bigelow, Anna. “Lived Secularism: Studies in India and Turkey”. Journal of the American Academy of Religion 87/3 (2019), 725-764.
  • Bîrûnî, Kıvameddin Burslan (trans.) Ebû Reyhân Muhammed b Ahmed el-. Tahkîku mâ li’l-hind. Bîrûnî’nin Gözüyle Hindistan. Ankara: Türk Tarih Kurumu, 2015.
  • Chandra, Satish. History of Medieval India: 800-1700. New Delhi: Orient Longman, 1. publ., 2007.
  • Dalrymple, William. The Last Mughal: The Fall of a Dynasty, Delhi, 1857. London: Bloomsbury, Paperback ed., 2007.
  • Dehlvi, Syed Wazir Hasan. “The Last Glimpse of Delhi”. trans. Rana Safvi. City of My Heart: Accounts of Love, Loss and Betrayal in Nineteenth-Century Delhi. 21-59. Gurugram: Hachette India, 2018.
  • Eaton, Richard Maxwell. Temple Desecration and Muslim States in Medieval India. Gurgaon: Hope India, 2004.
  • Etter, Anne-Julie. “Antiquarian Knowledge and Preservation of Indian Monuments at the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century”. Knowledge Production, Pedagogy, and Institutions in Colonial India. ed. Daud Ali - Indra Sengupta. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.
  • Gupta, Narayani. Delhi Between Two Empires, 1803-1931: Society, Government and Urban Growth. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1981.
  • Kinra, Rajeev. “Revisiting the History and Historiography of Mughal Pluralism”. ReOrient 5 (01 April 2020), 137-182. https://doi.org/10.13169/reorient.5.2.0137
  • Kumar, Usha Dayal. Phool Waalon Ki Sair. New Delhi: Abhinav Publications, 2014.
  • Kutlutürk, Cemil. Hint Düşüncesinde İslam Algısı. İstanbul: Dergah Yayınları, 2019.
  • Legg, Stephen. Spaces of Colonialism: Delhi’s Urban Governmentalities. New Jersey: Wiley Blackwell, 2007.
  • Masatoğlu, Mehmet. “Building Bridges in a Divided Society: Addressing Hindutva and Muslim Conflicts in India”. Marifetname 11/1 (30 June 2024), 65-94. https://doi.org/10.47425/marifetname.vi.1443553
  • Munshi, Faizuddin. “The Last Assembly”. Trans. Rana Safvi. City of My Heart: Accounts of Love, Loss and Betrayal in Nineteenth-Century Delhi. 60-106. Gurugram: Hachette India, 2018.
  • Parveen, Shiza. “The Hidden Gem of Communal Spirit: Phool Walon Ki Sair”. Samvedna III/1 (2021), 11-16.
  • Pernau, Margrit. “Celebrating Monsoon Feelings: The Flower-Sellers’ Festival of Delhi”. Monsoon Feelings: A History of Emotions in the Rain. ed. Imke Rajamani vd. 379-407. New Delhi: Niyogi Books, 2018.
  • Possehl, Gregory L. The Indus Civilization: A Contemporary Perspective. New Delhi: AltaMira Press, 2002.
  • Sircar, Sraman. “The Politics of Celebration: Interrogating The Secular Heritage of The Phool Waalon Ki Sair Festival in Delhi”. Contemporary South Asia 33/1 (02 January 2025), 36-51. https://doi.org/10.1080/09584935.2024.2446283
  • Smith, R. V. Delhi: Unknown Tales of A City. New Delhi: Roli Books Private Limited, 2015.
  • Tancî, Ebu Abdullah Muhammed İbn Battuta. İbn Battuta Seyahatnamesi. Trans. A. Sait Aykut. 2 Cilt. İstanbul: Yapı Kredi Yayınları, 2004.
  • Tharoor, Shashi. Inglorious Empire. London: Penguin Books Ltd, 2017.
  • Constitiution of India, Constitiution of India. Fundamental Rights 12-35 (ts.).
  • Constitution of India, Constitution of India. Eighth Schedule 344(1), 351 (1950). https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/EighthSchedule_19052017.pdf
  • Phool Waalon Ki Sair. “History”. Accessed July 24, 2025. https://phoolwaalonkisair.com/the-event/
  • “Once a symbol of secularism, Phoolwalon ki Sair festival is now a mere shadow of its past glory”. Accessed July 10, 2025. https://scroll.in/magazine/855992/once-a-secular-symbol-mehraulis-phoolwalon-ki-sair-festival-is-now-a-bureaucratic-circus
  • India Heritage. “Phool Walon Ki Sair”. Accessed July 20, 2025. https://indiaheritage.in/phool-waalon-ki-sair-procession-of-flower-sellers/
  • The Hindu. “The Forgotten Legacy of the Phoolwalon ki Sair”. Accessed July 14, 2025. https://www.thehindu.com/society/history-and-culture/the-forgotten-legacy-of-the-phoolwalon-ki-sair-flowers-for-the-prince/article29887483.ece
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Studies in Religious Traditions (Excl. Eastern, Jewish, Christian and Islamic Traditions), Comparative Religious Studies
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Arzu Yıldız Aydın 0000-0001-5286-1089

Publication Date November 30, 2025
Submission Date August 30, 2025
Acceptance Date October 14, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 12 Issue: Özel Sayı

Cite

ISNAD Yıldız Aydın, Arzu. “Flowers of Memory, Seeds of Unity: Reinterpreting Phool Walon Ki Sair”. Trabzon İlahiyat Dergisi 12/Özel Sayı (November2025), 57-75. https://doi.org/10.33718/tid.1774302.