Usage Areas and Sensor Types of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

Abstract

Unmanned aerial vehicles, which were used only for military and surveillance purposes in the beginning, have started to find a place for themselves in engineering applications, scientific studies and civilian uses with the decrease in costs and increase in accessibility with the developing technology in recent years. Unmanned aerial vehicles developed for non-military uses are frequently used in areas such as agriculture, mining, construction, natural disaster monitoring, meteorology, archeology, especially cartography. Unmanned aerial vehicles have various active or passive sensors to collect data from these areas, and they can obtain high-accuracy data with these sensors. It can produce low-cost, sensitive, fast and analytical solutions compared to manned aircraft or satellite images. Within the scope of this study, the use of unmanned aerial vehicles in various fields and the sensors they carry will be emphasized. Also, future prospects of unmanned aerial vehicle applications will be presented.

Keywords

• UAV
• Applications of UAV
• Remote Sensing
• Photogrammetry
• Sensor technologies
• Payloads

İnsansız Hava Araçlarının Kullanım Alanları ve Sensör Tipleri

Öz

Başlarda sadece askeri ve gözetleme amacıyla kullanılan insansız hava araçları, son yıllarda gelişen teknoloji ile birlikte maliyetlerin düşmesi ve erişebilirliğin artmasıyla, mühendislik uygulamalarında, bilimsel çalışmalarda ve sivil kullanımlarda da kendine yer bulmaya başlamıştır. Askeri olmayan kullanımlar için geliştirilen insansız hava araçları, günümüzde haritacılık başta olmak üzere, ziraat, madencilik, inşaat, doğal afet izleme, meteoroloji, arkeoloji gibi alanlarda sıkça kullanılmaktadır. İnsansız hava araçları bu alanlardan veri toplayabilmek için çeşitli aktif veya pasif sensörlere sahiptir ve taşıdıkları bu sensörler ile yüksek doğrulukta veriler elde edebilmektedir. İnsanlı hava araçları veya uydu görüntülerine göre de düşük maliyetli, hassas, hızlı ve analitik çözümler üretebilmektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, insansız hava araçlarının çeşitli alanlardaki kullanımları ve taşıdıkları sensörler üzerinde durulacaktır. Ayrıca, insansız hava aracı uygulamalarının gelecekteki beklentileri sunulacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İHA
• İHA Kullanım Alanları
• Uzaktan Algılama
• Fotogrametri
• Sensör Teknolojileri
• Faydalı Yükler

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