Operational Challenges and Prioritization of Potential Solutions for Integrating Vertiports into Airports

Abstract

The integration of vertiports into airports for eVTOL/UAV flights poses operational challenges. The aim of the study was to propose and prioritize solutions to overcome these challenges. A comprehensive literature review identified remote vertiport networks, geofencing technology, dedicated airspace corridors, advanced collision avoidance systems and dynamic airspace management as potential solutions. These solutions were prioritized using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) based on criteria such as safety, cost, efficiency, feasibility, and sustainability. Dynamic airspace management (=0.396) was the highest priority, followed by remote vertiport networks (=0.385), dedicated airspace corridors (=0.273), geofencing technology (=0.205), and advanced collision avoidance systems (=0.137). The study highlights the importance of dynamic data sharing and real-time planning through integrated ATM/UTM systems, enhanced by AI technologies, to ensure safety and efficiency. In addition, the development of remote vertiport networks and dedicated airspace corridors is essential to manage growing air traffic and ensure the safe coexistence of eVTOL/UAVs and traditional aircraft. Geofencing technology and advanced collision avoidance systems are also essential to maintain safety and operational integrity. It is recommended that future studies focus on the integration of ATM/UTM and the application of artificial intelligence. Continued collaboration between UAM stakeholders is essential to develop effective integration strategies.

Keywords

• Airport
• electric vertical take-off and landing
• unmanned aerial vehicle
• unmanned traffic management
• urban air mobility
• vertiport

Havalimanlarına Vertiportların Entegrasyonundaki Operasyonel Zorluklar ve Potansiyel Çözümlerin Önceliklendirilmesi

Öz

Vertiportların eVTOL/UAV uçuşları için havalimanlarına entegrasyonu fırsatlarla beraber operasyonel zorlukları da beraberinde getirmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, bu zorlukların üstesinden gelmek için çözümler önermek ve bu çözümleri önceliklendirmektir. Kapsamlı bir literatür taraması sonucunda havalimanı civarında vertiport ağları, coğrafi sınır belirleme teknolojisi, ayrılmış hava sahası koridorları, ileri çarpışma önleme sistemleri ve dinamik hava sahası yönetimi gibi potansiyel çözümler belirlenmiştir. Bu çözümler emniyet, maliyet, verimlilik, uygulanabilirlik ve sürdürülebilirlik kriterlerine dayalı olarak Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) kullanılarak önceliklendirilmiştir. Dinamik hava sahası yönetimi (=0.396) en yüksek önceliğe sahipken, bunu sırasıyla havalimanı civarına konumlandırılan vertiport ağları (=0.385), ayrılmış hava sahası koridorları (=0.273), coğrafi sınır belirleme teknolojisi (=0.205) ve ileri çarpışma önleme sistemleri (=0.137) takip etmiştir. Çalışma uçuş emniyeti ve verimliliği sağlamak için entegre ATM/UTM sistemleri aracılığıyla dinamik veri paylaşımı ve gerçek zamanlı planlamanın, yapay zeka teknolojileriyle desteklenmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Ayrıca artan hava trafiğini yönetmek ve eVTOL/UAV'ların geleneksel hava araçlarıyla emniyetli bir şekilde bir arada bulunmasını sağlamak için havalimanı civarına konumlandırılan vertiport ağlarının ve ayrılmış hava sahası koridorlarının geliştirilmesi gereklidir. Coğrafi sınır belirleme teknolojisi ve ileri çarpışma önleme sistemleri de operasyonel bütünlüğü sürdürmek için önemlidir. Gelecek çalışmaların ATM/UTM entegrasyonuna ve bu entegrasyonda yapay zekanın uygulanmasına odaklanması önerilmektedir. UAM paydaşları arasındaki sürekli iş birliği, etkili entegrasyon stratejileri geliştirme sürecine fayda sağlayacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Elektrikli dikey kalkış ve iniş hava aracı
• havalimanı
• insansız hava aracı
• insansız hava araçları trafik yönetimi
• kentsel hava hareketliliği
• vertiport

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