Anadolu Çaprazı: Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu ile Ege / Kıbrıs Yayları Arasında Geniş Bir Sol Yanal Makaslama Zonu

Abstract

Türk-İran Platosu, Arap ve Avrasya levhalarının çarpışmaları ile ilişkili Bitlis-Zagros Kenet Zonu’nun ard ülkesinde yer alır. Platonun iç deformasyonunun yakın zamanda ayrıntılı biçimde incelenmesi, sağ ve sol yanal doğrultu atımlı yapıların çoklu kesişme noktalarının varlığını ortaya çıkarmış ve bu kaçınılmaz olarak Anadolu Çaprazı adı ile anılan geniş sol yanal makaslama zonu ile açıklanmıştır. Anadolu Çaprazı’nı sınırlayan ve iç deformasyonuna neden olan faylar, yüksek çözünürlüklü uydu görüntüleri, depremlerin odak mekanizması çözümleri ve deniz alanlarındaki yayınlanmış sismik yansıma kesitleri yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Anadolu Çaprazı, Orta Anadolu Fay Zonu ile Doğu Anadolu Fay Zonu arasında 170 km genişliğe ve Erzincan ile Kıbrıs Yayı arasında 850 km uzunluğa sahip, KD-GB yönelimli bir sol yanal makaslama zonudur. Bu zon, Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu-Zagros Fay Zonu ile en az dört kesişim noktasına sahiptir. Anadolu Çaprazı’na ait Ecemiş-Deliler Fayı’nın Akdeniz’deki uzanımı olan Biruni Fayı, Kıbrıs Yayı’na ve Piri Reis Sırtı’na (Mediterranean Ridge) Kıbrıs’ın batısında ulaşmaktadır. Bu yapı, Antalya – Kekova Fay Zonu ile daralmalı sıçrama oluşturmakta olup, bu nedenle Antalya havzasında KB-GD doğrultulu bindirmeler ile temsil edilen Florence Yükselimi ve Antalya Bindirmesi meydana gelmiştir. Diğer bir daralmalı sıçrama alanı ise Antalya-Kekova Fay Zonu ile Pliny-Strabo Fay Zonu arasında gelişmiş olup, burada Rodos havzasının bindirmeler ile kontrol edilen kuzey kenarı bulunmaktadır. Bu neotektonik çerçeve içinde, varlığı oldukça tartışmalı olan Pliny ve Strabo faylarının karadaki devamı olarak değerlendirilen sol yanal Fethiye – Burdur Fay Zonu’na ihtiyaç bulunmamaktadır. Aslında, Anadolu Levhasının batıya hareketi, sol yanal Anadolu Çaprazı Makaslama Zonu, Antalya-Kekova Fay Zonu ve Pliny-Strabo Fay Zonu ile sağ yanal Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu tarafından karşılanmaktadır.

Keywords

• Anadolu Çaprazı
• Doğu Anadolu Fay Zonu
• Neotektonik
• Doğu Akdeniz
• Kıbrıs

The Anatolian Diagonal: A Broad Left-Lateral Shear Zone Between the North Anatolian Fault Zone and the Aegean / Cyprus Arcs

Abstract

Recent detailed examination of the internal deformation of the Turkish-Iranian Plateau in the hinterland of Bitlis-Zagros Suture Zone, which is related to the collision of the Arabian and Eurasian plates, indicates multiple intersection points between the right- and left-lateral strike-slip structures explained by an inevitably broad left-lateral strike-slip shear zone, the Anatolian Diagonal. The faults bounding and internally deforming the Anatolian Diagonal were closely examined by using high-resolution satellite images, focal mechanism solutions of the earthquakes, and published seismic reflection data in the offshore areas. The Anatolian Diagonal is a NE-SW trending left-lateral shear zone having a 170 km width between the Central Anatolian and the East Anatolian fault zones and an 850 km length between Erzincan and the Cyprus Arc. It has at least four intersection points with the right-lateral North Anatolian Fault Zone and the Southeast Anatolian-Zagros Fault Zone. As the offshore continuation of the Ecemiş-Deliler Fault of the Anatolian Diagonal, the Biruni Fault reaches the Cyprus Arc and Piri Reis (Mediterranean) Ridge Front west of Cyprus. This structure creates a restraining stepover with the left-lateral Antalya-Kekova Fault Zone and causes NW-SE trending thrusts of the Florence Rise and Antalya Thrust in the Antalya Basin. There is another restraining stepover between the Antalya-Kekova Fault Zone and the Pliny-Strabo Fault Zone, where the thrust-controlled northern margin of Rhodes basin developed. In this neotectonic framework, there is no need for the existence of the highly-debated left-lateral Fethiye-Burdur Fault Zone as an onshore continuation of the Pliny and Strabo faults. In fact, the westerly motion of the Anatolian plate is accommodated by the left-lateral Anatolian Diagonal Shear Zone, Antalya-Kekova Fault Zone and Pliny-Strabo Fault Zone together with the right-lateral North Anatolian Fault Zone.

Keywords

• Anatolian Diagonal
• East Anatolian Fault Zone
• Neotectonics
• Eastern Mediterranean
• Cyprus

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